72,199 research outputs found
Davies, A M E, QX23974
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/380782Surname: DAVIES
Given Name(s) or Initials: A M E
Military Service Number or Last Known Location: QX23974
Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 26048195480
Item: [2016.0049.13075] "Davies, A M E, QX23974
Enhancing the design curriculum through pedagogic research
No full textPedagogic research is becoming increasingly recognised as an important aspect of academic life. Many generic studies (Marton, Saljo, Entwistle, Biggs, Gibbs, Prosser, Trigwell et al), focusing on broad concepts of student learning, have found a purchase within particular disciplines. Concepts of 'deep' and 'surface' approaches to learning are now commonplace within subject-based rationales. Approaches to assessment have also benefited from research of this kind. The value of this kind of research is most pertinent when it is used at subject level to explore the learning and teaching axis. Subject-focused research, using these established frameworks and methodologies, is only just beginning to emerge. Inevitably, the application of this new research is not so widespread. Subject-based research asks the questions about what it is that is characteristic about learning and teaching a particular subject. Recent research in creative subjects (Reid A, 1998 and Reid A and Davies A, 2000) has revealed that the quality of learning is predicated on how both students and teachers conceptualise the subject of study. In design, for instance, what teachers think design is determines how they frame the curriculum and how they go about teaching. Equally, students beliefs about what design is underpin their intentions when they go about learning. The research reveals that there are significant qualitative differences amongst teachers as well as students as to what design is. This has an impact on the quality of the outcomes of learning design. This paper explores the implications of the outcomes of thi
Siobhan Davies Archive
No full textThe Siobhan Davies Archive project began in January 2007, with the aim of bringing together all of the materials and documentation associated with Davies' choreographies into a single collection. It is the first online dance archive in the UK and contains thousands of fully searchable digital records including moving image, still image, audio and text. Many of the objects within the archive collection have been sourced directly from Davies and her collaborators' personal collections, whilst other items have been kindly lent by institutions and private contributors. Almost all of these objects that would otherwise remain inaccessible and unavailable appear online for the first time, and in many cases represent the first time objects have been viewed by anyone since their original date of creation
Fergusobia rosettae Davies, n. sp.
No full textDescription of Fergusobia rosettae Davies n. sp. (Figs 1, 3 A, 4 A) = Fergusobia MSp 45 apud Davies et al., 2012 a Measurements. Table 2. Material examined. Holotype, parthenogenetic ♀, roadside at Yellow Waterhole, ~ 2 km north of Kennedy in coastal eastern QLD (18 º 11.30 ’S, 145 º 56.66 ’E). From basal shoot bud (‘rosette’) galls on Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T. Blake 1958, collected by K.A. Davies, 10.viii. 2006 and 18.viii. 2007. On slide with a paratype ♂, deposited at the ANIC, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Paratypes, WINC, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia, 3 parthenogenetic ♀s, 1 pre-parasitic infective ♀, 10 ♂ s, slide numbers WNC 2480; Queensland Museum, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 10 parthenogenetic ♀s, 2 pre-parasitic infective ♀s, 12 ♂ s; and at the USDA Nematode Collection, Beltsville, MD, USA 1 parthenogenetic ♀ and 1 ♂. 15 parthenogenetic ♀♀, 4 pre-parasitic infective ♀♀, and 24 ♂♂, collected from the above location on 10.viii. 2006 and 18.viii. 2007. Description. Parthenogenetic female. Body shape arcuate when heat relaxed; relatively small (<0.3mm long); relatively broad compared to length; larger than amphimictic pre-parasitic females and smaller than males; body narrows behind vulva to form a short conoid tail. With light microscope, cuticle appears smooth, and longitudinal striae not apparent in sub-cuticle. Lateral fields not seen. Cephalic region 5–7 µm wide, ~ 80 % diameter of body at anterior end, off-set, 1 – 2 µm high, unstriated; lateral view with rounded outline and circum-oral area distinctly raised ~ 1 µm in most specimens. Stylet with cone ~ 40 % of length; basal knobs just higher than wide, ~ 2 µm wide at base, rounded. Orifice of dorsal pharyngeal gland ~ 1 µm posterior to stylet knobs. Anterior fusiform part of digestive tract occupying 53–74 % of body diameter, length 3 times diameter of tract. Lumen of tract broadens at distal end of dorsal pharyngeal gland. Pharyngeal glands extending over intestine, large, diameter ~ 47–75 % of body diameter, distance from head to end of glands being 45–66 % (mean 55 %) of total body length. Gland nucleus prominent, with obvious nucleolus. Secretory/excretory pore with obscure duct, opens posterior to nucleus of pharyngeal gland; secretory/ excretory cell ovoid. Hemizonid 4 or 5 annules in front of secretory/excretory pore. Reproductive tract variable in length, extending to secretory/excretory pore, part-way along pharyngeal gland, to base of gland or not reaching it; flexed in 1 / 17 specimens examined; oviduct usually with two oocytes per row; quadricolumella not smooth, uterus not seen containing eggs, apparently not extensile; vulva a simple transverse slit with protruding lips in some specimens; no vulval plate. Anus pore-like. Tail relatively short, conoid; length 1–1.5 times anal body diameter; bluntly rounded tip. Infective pre-parasitic female. Infects mature larval stage of Fergusonina sp. or pupa. Arcuate to open-C shape when relaxed by heat; relatively slender; maximum body diameter at mid-body length; body tapers gradually behind vulva. Cuticle obscurely annulated, appears smooth; longitudinal striae not apparent with light microscope; lateral fields not seen. Cephalic region barely offset, domed shape; circum-oral area rounded; stylet slender, weakly sclerotised with tiny basal knobs ~ 1.5 µm wide; cone ~ 40 % of length. Orifice of dorsal pharyngeal gland not seen. Anterior fusiform part of digestive tract little expanded, occupying 63–66 % of body diameter, length 3.3–3.5 times diameter. Pharyngeal glands extending over intestine, diameter 54 (36–66)% of body diameter, extending over intestine, distance from head to end of glands being 34 (29–48)% of total body length. Secretory/excretory pore opens behind pharyngeal glands or opposite gland nucleus; duct obscure; secretory/ excretory cell not seen. Hemizonid not seen. Uterus ~ 70 % of total gonad length in uninseminated females, packed with sperm in inseminated females; vagina at right angle to body axis; reproductive tract extending to nerve ring; length of tract hypertrophied in some specimens. Vulva a transverse slit, vulval lips raised ~ 1 µm, no vulval plate present. Anus an obscure pore. Tail sub-cylindroid; relatively short; length 1–1.5 times diameter at anus, tip almost hemispherical. Male. Body almost straight to arcuate when relaxed by heat, tail region slightly curved ventrally. Cuticle obscurely annulated, longitudinal striae of sub-cuticle apparent when viewed with light microscope; lateral fields not seen. Cephalic region 5–7 µm wide, occupying 75–80 % anterior body diameter, offset, ~ 1.5–2 µm high; circum-oral area flat or raised, with lightly sclerotised framework; stylet with cone ~ 40 % of length, round stylet knobs 2–3 µm wide. Orifice of dorsal pharyngeal gland ~ 2 µm behind knobs. Anterior fusiform part of digestive tract occupying 52–83 % of body diameter, length 2–3 times diameter. Pharyngeal glands extending over intestine, diameter 46–80 % (mean 63 %) of body diameter, distance from head to end of glands being 32–59 % (mean 47 %) of total body length. Lumen of intestinal tract broadens behind pharyngeal gland. Secretory/excretory pore opens opposite nucleus of pharyngeal gland; duct obscure; secretory/excretory cell ovoid, ~ 5 µm long. Hemizonid extending over two annules, 4 or 5 annules in front of secretory/excretory pore. Reproductive tract with single testis, variable in length, usually extending to distal end of dorsal pharyngeal gland, barely overlapping it in three specimens, not flexed; testis, seminal vesicle and vas deferens not clearly differentiated. Bursa apparently leptoderan, smooth; may be prominent or obscure; arises 40 – 50 % along length of body from tail tip, terminates just in front of tail tip. Spicules paired, broadly angular to arcuate, bent at about 40 % of length, with manubrium and shaft longer than blade; moderately sclerotised; manubrium wider than shaft, may be off-set on dorsal edge; blade narrows gradually to bluntly rounded tip with concavity on distal edge; opening sub-terminal. Inconspicuous muscles associated with cloaca. Tail arcuate, slightly ventrally concave, conoid; length 1.5–2.5 times diameter at cloaca; bluntly to broadly rounded tip. Diagnosis and relationships. Fergusobia rosettae n. sp. is morphologically characterized by the combination of a small, arcuate parthenogenetic female having a short conoid tail with a bluntly rounded tip, an arcuate, relatively slender, infective female with an almost hemispherical tail tip, and an arcuate male with an arcuate to angular (not heavily sclerotised) spicule and leptoderan bursa arising at 40–50 % of body length. Morphologically, Fergusobia rosettae n. sp. is similar to F. pohutukawa Davies 2007 (in Taylor et al. 2007), F. jambophila Siddiqi 1986, F. tolgaensis n. sp., F. cajuputiae Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004, F. nervosae Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004, and F. sporangae Davies 2013 (in Davies et al. 2014 a). From phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of D 2 /D 3, large sequence divergences support F. rosett ae n. sp. as a unique species. It is genetically close to an undescribed species (Fergusobia sp. 1 in Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004) from a similar gall form on M. nervosa (Ye et al. 2007). The parthenogenetic female of F. ro s et t a e n. sp. (arcuate shape) differs from F. brevicauda Siddiqi 1994, F. brittenae Davies 2010 (in Taylor & Davies 2010), F. cosmophyllae Davies 2013 (in Davies et al. 2013 b), F. diversifoliae Davies 2013 (in Davies et al. 2013 b), F. fasciculosae Davies 2012 (in Davies et al. 2012 b), F. floribundae Davies 2013 (in Davies et al. 2013 b), F. gomphocephalae Davies 2013 (in Davies et al. 2014 c), F. indica Jairajpuri 1962 sensu Siddiqi 1986, F. leucoxylonae Davies 2014 (in Davies et al. 2014 c), F. magna Siddiqi 1986 sensu Davies 2010 (in Davies et al. 2010 b), F. microcarpae Davies 2014 (in Davies et al. 2014 b), F. minimus Lisnawita 2013 (in Davies et al. 2013 b), F. morrisae Davies 2012 (in Davies et al. 2012 b), F. pimpamensis Davies 2013 (in Davies et al. 2013 b), F. planchonianae Davies 2014 (in Davies et al. 2014 b), F. porosae Davies 2013 (in Davies et al. 2013 a), F. ptychocarpae Davies 2008 (in Taylor & Davies 2008), F. tumifaciens (Currie 1937) Wachek 1955 sensu Davies 2014 (in Davies et al. 2014 b), F. v i m i n al i s a e Davies 2014 (in Davies et al. 2014 b), and F. viridiflorae Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004 (C-shape). In length (228–269 µm), it is shorter than the parthenogenetic female of F. rileyi Davies 2012 (in Davies et al. 2011 a) (310–394 µm). In having cuticle which does not swell upon fixation; it differs from F. jambophila Siddiqi 1986 and F. pohutukawa Davies 2007 (in Taylor et al. 2007) in which it does. Having a distinctly raised circum-oral area separates the parthenogenetic female of F. rosettae n. sp. from those of F. cajuputiae, F. colbrani Davies 2014 (in Davies et al. 2014 a), F. delegatensae, F. fisheri Davies & Lloyd 1996, F. leucadendrae Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004, and F. tumifaciens, in which it is flat or only slightly raised. The stylet (8–10 µm) of this female is longer than in F. curriei Fisher & Nickle 1968 (5–8 µm) and F. juliae Davies 2012 (in Davies et al. 2012 b) (5–7 µm); and shorter than in F. camaldulensae Davies 2012 (in Davies et al. 2012 a) (11–13 µm), F. schmidti Davies & Bartholomaeus 2014 (in Davies et al. 2014 c) (11–14 µm), and F. tumifaciens (19 µm). In having an enormous oesophageal gland (b’ 1.5–2.2), it is similar to F. quinquenerviae Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004 but lacks the extra lobe or flex found in the gland of the latter. In F. rosettae n. sp., the vulva (V 83 –93%) is more posterior than in F. nervosae Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004 (81–83 %). In having a body behind the vulva that narrows gradually, is arcuate and conoid in shape, with a broadly rounded tip, this female differs from that of F. dealbatae Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004, F. eugenioidae Davies 2012 (in Davies et al. 2012 b), and F. philippinensis Siddiqi 1994 (more slender, arcuate to straight). In length (9–21 µm, mean 14 µm), the tail of the F. rosett ae n. sp. parthenogenetic female is usually shorter than in F. tolgaensis n. sp. (mean 22 µm, range 18–25 µm). This female lacks the broad opening of the stylet aperture present in F. sporangae Davies 2014 (in Davies et al. 2014 c). It is morphologically close to but can be separated from the undescribed species of Fergusobia (Species 1) from ‘rosette’ galls on M. nervosa in having the hemizonid at 4–5 vs 6–8 annules in front of the excretory pore (Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004). The infective female of F. ros e t t a e n. sp. (open C-shape) differs in shape from that of F. brevicauda, F. camaldulensae, F. colbrani, F. curriei, F. delegatensae, F. diversifoliae, F. fisheri, F. leucadendrae, F. leucoxylonae, F. microcarpae, F. quinquenerviae, and F. viridiflorae (arcuate to barely J), and from F. rileyi (almost straight). In length (250–267 µm), it is smaller than the female of F. brittenae (375–550 µm), F. c ol b r an i (369–405 µm), F. cosmophyllae (374–448 µm), F. dealbatae (307–347 µm), F. eugenioidae (438 µm), F. fasciculosae (268–332 µm), F. floribundae (357–450 µm), F. juliae (396–550 µm), F. magna (537–633 µm), F. morrisae (322–395 µm), F. pimpamensis (369–443 µm), F. philippinensis (290–370 µm), F. planchonianae (303–339 µm), F. porosae (277–300 µm), F. ptychocarpae (387–471 µm), F. sporangae (289–353 µm), and F. viminalisae (334–437 µm). The stylet (7–8 µm) of F. rosettae n. sp. is longer than in F. minimus (4–6 µm). It has a subcylindroid tail with a tip that is almost hemisperical, separating it from F. tolgaensis n. sp., in which the tail tip is broadly rounded. It is difficult to morphologically separate the infective female of F. rosett ae n. sp. and F. cajuputiae, although the former tends to be slimmer (respective diameters 22–23 µm and 27–30 µm). Body diameter also separates F. rosettae n. sp. and F. gomphocephalae and F. schmidti (respectively, diameters 22–23 µm vs 26–32 µm and 30–48 µm; ratio a 10.8–11.5 vs 8.6–10.7 and 6.5–10.8). Given the small sample size for the infective female of F. nervosae (n= 1), and their morphological similarity to F. rosettae n. sp., it is not possible to separate them. In shape (arcuate), the heat-relaxed male of F. ro s e t t ae n. sp. differs from those of F. brittenae, F. curriei, and F. fasciculosae (J-shape), F. pimpamensis (J or C-shape), F. diversifoliae, F. juliae, F. magna, F. planchonianae, F. ptychocarpae, and F. viridiflorae (with strongly curved posterior). In length (246–319 µm), it is smaller than the male of F. brevicauda (330–420 µm), F. camaldulensae (383–451 µm), F. delegatensae (350–518 µm), F. diversifoliae (413–459 µm), F. eugenioidae (341–420 µm), F. floribundae (403–570 µm), F. morrisae (347–413 µm), F. pohutukawa (398–469 µm), and F. r i l e yi (378–508 µm). The ratio a (8.5–11.4) is smaller than in males of F. pohutukawa (12.2–15.5). In length (8–9 µm), the stylet is shorter than in F. leucoxylonae (10–13 µm) and tends to be shorter than that of F. tumifaciens (8.5–10 µm). The shape of the tail (barely arcuate with a broadly rounded tip) differs from that of F. philippinensis (truncate tip) and from F. leucadendrae (bluntly rounded tip). Spicule length (14–17 µm) is shorter than in F. colbrani (17–21 µm), F. dealbatae (18–22 µm), F. juliae (20–27 µm), F. quinquenerviae (16–20 µm), F. schmidti (19–25 µm), and F. sporangae (17–25 µm). The bursa arises at ~ 40–50 % of body length from the tail tip, differing from F. cosmophyllae, F. fisheri, F. minimus, F. porosae, and F. tumifaciens in which it is shorter (respectively, 12–39, ~ 20, 12–28, 15– 33, and less than 20 %) and from F. cajuputiae and F. jambophila in which it is longer (more than 50 %). In having a raised circum-oral area, this male is separated from those of F. microcarpae and F. nervosae, in which it is flat or less raised. The shape of the spicule differs in F. rosettae n. sp. and F. gomphocephalae and F. viminalisae, being more angular in the latter two species. In size, shape, length of bursa, form of cephalic area and of stylet, the male of F. rosettae n. sp. and F. tolgaensis n. sp. are similar. However, they can be separated on the position of the hemizonid (4–5 vs 2 annules in front of the excretory pore), and the spicule is more slender in F. tolgaensis n. sp. Etymology. Named after the form (resembling a rosette) of the gall from which the nematodes were collected.Published as part of Davies, Kerrie A., Ye, Weimin, Giblin-Davis, Robin M., Taylor, Gary S., Purcell, Matthew & Thomas, Kelley, 2014, Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. IX. Fergusobia rosettae n. sp. on Melaleuca quinquenervia and F. tolgaensis n. sp. on Syzygium luehmannii, from Queensland, pp. 214-236 in Zootaxa 3889 (2) on pages 216-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/22749
Samuel Davies
No full textImage for Virginia Poets Database
Samuel Davies Oil on Canvas by James Massalon (1874). Photo by Bruce M. White. Image downloaded from Princeton University; The Presidents of Princeton University website. https://pr.princeton.edu/pub/presidents/davies/index.htmlhttps://digitalcommons.odu.edu/vapoets-images/1072/thumbnail.jp
Lens Clock Cortex Simulation
No full textInitial release of code/data for forthcoming publication:
Douglass, M., B. Davies, D. Braun, J. T. Faith, M. Power, and J. Reeves. Deriving Original Nodule Size of Lithic Reduction Sets from Cortical Curvature: An Application to Monitor Stone Artifact Transport from Bipolar Reduction. Submitted to Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports
Fergusobia gomphocephalae Davies, n. sp.
No full textDescription of <i>Fergusobia gomphocephalae</i> Davies n. sp. <p>(Figs 2, 3, 7 I, 8J)</p> <p> = <i>Fergusobia</i> MSp. 9 <i>apud</i> Davies <i>et al</i>. 2010 <b>a</b></p> <p> <b>Measurements.</b> Table 2.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> The description presented here is based on measurements of 21 parthenogenetic ♀s, 9 pre-parasitic infective ♀s, and 16 ♂ s. From Cervantes Caravan Park, Cervantes, 250 km north of Perth, WA, Australia (30°31´S 115°05´E), and Tuart Reserve, Cervantes, WA, Australia (30°25´S 115°08´E). Taken from unilocular bud galls on <i>Eucalyptus gomphocephala</i> associated with <i>Fergusonina newmani</i> Tonnoir 1937. Collected by K.A. Davies, 24.x.2000.</p> <p> <b>Holotype.</b> Parthenogenetic female on a slide deposited in the ANIC, Canberra, ACT, Australia, collected at Cervantes Caravan Park, Cervantes, Western Australia, together with one infective female and one male; collection data as above.</p> <p> <b>Paratypes.</b> Nine parthenogenetic ♀s, 3 pre-parasitic infective ♀s, 6 ♂ s were deposited at the WINC, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia, 10 parthenogenetic ♀s, 5 pre-parasitic infective ♀s, 8 ♂ s at Western Australian Museum, Perth, WA, Australia, and 1 parthenogenetic ♀, 1 pre-parasitic infective ♀, and 1 ♂ at the USDA Nematode Collection, Beltsville, MD, USA. Collection data as above.</p> <p>Holotype Parthenogenetic females Males Infective females</p> <p>Partheno-genetic</p> <p>female</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Parthenogenetic female. From unilocular ‘pea’ galls on young leaves and stems on <i>E. gomphocephala</i>. When heat relaxed, body usually dorsally curved with ventral side convex to form a C-shape, with greatest curvature behind the vulva; body narrows sharply behind vulva to form conoid tail, with most narrowing on ventral side; similar in size to pre-parasitic infective female and to male. With light microscope, cuticle has obscure annuli, and longitudinal striae are apparently present. Using SEM, cuticle is clearly annulated (~ 1µm wide), no longitudinal striae. While not seen with the light microscope, with SEM lateral fields arise ~20 µm behind anterior end, ~2 µm wide at mid-body, contain many clear, diagonal striae; which change at level of vulva to become less defined and irregular and continue almost to tail tip.</p> <p>Cephalic region 70% diameter of body at anterior end, offset, 1–2 µm high, unstriated; in lateral view has rounded outline and circum-oral area flat or slightly raised. With SEM, 4 distinct, respectively alternating with 4 indistinct, sectors are apparent. Six small cephalic papillae can be seen on the circum-oral area, surrounding the stylet opening. Amphid openings rounded, pore-like and closer to the edge of the sectors than the circum-oral area. Stylet 7–9 µm long, with conus 40–50% of length, basal knobs 1–2 µm wide at base, small, round.</p> <p>Orifice of dorsal pharyngeal gland 1–2 µm posterior to stylet knobs. Anterior fusiform part of digestive tract occupying 53–73% of body diameter, length 1.8–2.5 times diameter; lumen of tract broadening behind dorsal pharyngeal gland. Pharyngeal glands extending over intestine, large, diameter 61–78% of body diameter, distance from head to end of glands being 53 (31–67)% of total body length.</p> <p>Secretory/excretory pore opens 72–93 µm from anterior end with prominent duct opening onto area of slightly raised cuticle, at about 20% length of pharyngeal gland; secretory/excretory cell not seen. Hemizonid extending over one annulus, 1 annulus anterior to secretory/excretory pore.</p> <p> Reproductive tract comprising ovary with growth zone occupying <i>~</i> 60% of length, oviduct comprising two or three rows of cells with structure unclear, no spermatheca, quadricolumella present, not smooth, uterine sac about one vulval body width in length. Tract variable in length, extending part-way along dorsal pharyngeal gland; not flexed but with cap cell usually offset from growth zone; latter with one or two oocytes per row; uterine sac containing no eggs or one (in 2 of 22 specimens examined) egg; vulva with protruding lips in some specimens, flat or a depressed slit in others. Tail conoid, may be concave on dorsal side, length 1–2 times anal body diameter, with a rounded tip.</p> <p> Infective pre-parasitic female. From unilocular ‘pea’ galls on young leaves and stems on <i>E. gomphocephala.</i> Penetrates mature larval stage of <i>Fn. newmani</i> or pupa. Body J or C-shaped when relaxed by heat, with greatest curvature behind vulva; maximum body diameter at mid-body in some and at vulva in others; cuticle with obscure annulations and longitudinal striae; lateral fields not seen.</p> <p>Cephalic region barely or not offset; circum-oral area flat or slightly raised; stylet slender, 6–10 µm long, weakly sclerotised with round basal knobsbeing slightly higher than wide, 1–2 µm in width; conus 50% of total stylet length.</p> <p>Orifice of dorsal pharyngeal gland barely posterior to stylet knobs. Anterior fusiform part of digestive tract occupying 48–64% of body diameter, 2.4–3.5 times diameter in length. Pharyngeal glands extending over intestine, 31–50% of body diameter in diameter, distance from head to end of glands being 30 (28–37)% of total body length.</p> <p>Secretory/excretory pore opens 59–83 µm behind anterior end, opposite pharyngeal gland nucleus; prominent duct opens onto area of slightly raised cuticle; secretory/excretory cell not seen. Hemizonid extending over one annule, 1 annule anterior to secretory/excretory pore.</p> <p>Uterus 80% of total gonad length in uninseminated female, packed with amoeboid sperms in inseminated female; vagina at right angle to body axis, plugged with refractive material; reproductive tract extending alongside dorsal pharyngeal gland; hypertrophy of tract in some specimens. Vulval lips flat or barely raised. Tail short, broad, in length 0.6–1.3 times diameter at anus, tip almost hemispherical and may be notched.</p> <p> Male. From unilocular ‘pea’ galls on young leaves and stems on <i>E. gomphocephala</i>. Body arcuate to J-shaped when relaxed by heat, tail region more or less curved ventrally. Cuticle with obscure annuli ~1 µm wide, longitudinal striations not seen; lateral fields not seen.</p> <p> Cephalic region offset, 1–2 µm high; circum-oral area flat or raised, with lightly sclerotised framework; stylet 7–10 µm long, with conus 50% of length, round stylet knobs with <i>~</i> 2 µm width. Anterior fusiform part of digestive tract occupying 51–75% of body diameter, 2.6–3.2 times diameter in length. Pharyngeal glands extending over intestine, occupying 50–70% of body diameter, distance from head to end of glands being 33–59% (mean 48%) of total body length; gland nucleus may be positioned at anterior or posterior end of gland. Lumen of intestinal tract broadens at posterior end or behind pharyngeal glands.</p> <p> Secretory/excretory pore opens 59–93 µm behind anterior end, at <i>~</i> 30–40% of length of pharyngeal gland and in front of gland nucleus; prominent duct opens onto area of slightly raised cuticle in some specimens; secretory/ excretory cell not seen. Hemizonid extending over two annuli, barely anterior to secretory/excretory pore.</p> <p> Reproductive tract with single testis, variable in length, may extend to base of pharyngeal glands, or to secretory/excretory pore, but usually overlaps dorsal pharyngeal gland; may be reflexed; testis, seminal vesicle and <i>vas deferens</i> not clearly differentiated. Bursa membranous, smooth or crenate, peloderan; may be prominent or obscure; arises 30 <b>–</b> 50% along length of body. Spicules paired, angular near their middle, small but robust; moderately sclerotised; manubrium offset in some specimens, similar to or slightly wider than shaft; blade narrows gradually with notch on proximal side similar to the tip; opening terminal. Inconspicuous muscles associated with cloaca. Tail ventrally concave, curved; in length 1.1–2.6 times diameter at cloaca, tip bluntly rounded.</p> <p> <b>Molecular phylogenetic relationships.</b> For molecular analysis, the D2/D3 expansion segments of LSU (AY589352) and mtCOI (AY589435) of V63 (<i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp</b>.) were sequenced. Based on the combined data from D2/D3 and mtCOI, V63 is in a monophyletic clade with V4 (<i>F. juliae</i> from FBG on <i>E. macrorrhyncha</i>), V32 (MSp 28 from <i>Eucalyptus</i> sp.), V65 (<i>F. fasciculosae</i> from stylet galls on <i>E. fasciculosa</i>) and V71 (<i>F. leucoxylonae</i> <b>n. sp</b>.) (Ye <i>et al.</i> 2007, Fig. 5). The blastn search of LSU (853 bp sequenced) on V63 revealed it has 6–12-bp differences (99% identity) and 2–4 gaps with V32 (AY589328), V65 (AY589354), V68 (AY589357), V71 (AY589360) and V314 (FJ386989). The blastn search of mtCOI (618 bp sequenced) on V63 revealed it has 37–45- bp differences (93–94% identity) with V4 (AY589406), V65 (AY589437), V69 (AY589440) and V741 (EF 011098) (<i>F. leucoxylonae</i> <b>n. sp</b>.). These large sequence divergences support <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> as a unique species.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis and relationships.</b> <i>Fergusobia gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> (MSp 9 in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2010a) is morphologically characterized by the combination of a small C-shaped parthenogenetic female with a variable, conoid tail, a small C-shaped infective female with a hemispherical tail tip, and an arcuate or J-shaped male with broad tail, angular spicule and short peloderan bursa. Its status as a species is also supported by a combination of molecular analyses, gall form, association with <i>Fergusonina (Fn.) newmani</i>, host <i>E. gomphocephala</i>, and geographic distribution (collected only within the natural range of the host plant in WA).</p> <p> All stages are morphologically similar to those of <i>F. leucoxylonae</i> <b>n. sp.</b>, <i>F. sporangae</i> <b>n. sp.</b>, <i>F. microcarpae</i> Davies 2013 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2013a) and <i>F. porosae</i> Davies 2013 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2013a). In addition, parthenogenetic and infective females are similar to those of <i>F. fisheri</i> Davies & Lloyd 1996.</p> <p> From phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of D2/D3 and mtCOI, <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is genetically close to <i>Fergusobia</i> spp. from pea galls and flower bud galls on <i>E. microcarpa</i>, <i>F. fasciculosae</i> Davies 2012 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2012b) from stylet galls on <i>E. fasciculosa</i>, and <i>F. juliae</i> Davies 2012 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2012b) from flower bud galls on <i>E. macrorhyncha</i>.</p> <p> In body shape (C-shaped), the parthenogenetic female of <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> differs from <i>F. camaldulensae</i> Davies 2012 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2012a) and <i>F. sporangae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> (arcuate); and <i>F. rileyi</i> Davies 2012 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2012a) (almost straight). In body length (239–331 µm), <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is shorter than <i>F. brittenae</i> (328–461 µm) Davies 2010 (in Taylor & Davies 2010), <i>F. cosmophyllae</i> Davies 2013 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2013b) (354–406 µm), <i>F. delegatensae</i> Davies 2013 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2013b) (345–527 µm), <i>F. eugenioidae</i> Davies 2012 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2012b) (298–354 µm), <i>F. magna</i> Siddiqi 1986 <i>sensu</i> Davies 2010 (in Davies <i>et al</i>. 2010b) (500–780 µm), and <i>F. i n di ca</i> (Jairajpuri 1962) Siddiqi 1986 (525–626 µm). The stylet (7–9 µm) of the parthenogenetic female is shorter than that in <i>F. camaldulensae</i> (11–13 µm), <i>F. indica</i> (12–15 µm), <i>F. microcarpae</i> (9.5–11 µm), <i>F. pohutukawa</i> Davies 2007 (in Taylor <i>et al.</i> 2007) (10–11 µm), <i>F. rileyi</i> (10–13 µm) and <i>F. sporangae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> (12–14 µm); and tends to be shorter than in <i>F. planchonianae</i> Davies 2013 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2013b) (9–12 µm), <i>F. tumifaciens</i> (Currie 1937) Wachek 1955 <i>sensu</i> Davies 2014 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2014b) (9–11 µm), and <i>F. viminalisae</i> Davies 2014 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2014b) (9–10 µm). In having large to enormous pharyngeal glands (<i>b’</i> 1.5–3.2), it differs from <i>F. jambophila</i> Siddiqi 1986, and <i>F. philippinensis</i> Siddiqi 1994 which have smaller glands; and from <i>F. quinquenerviae</i> Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004 which has glands that are reflexed or have an extra lobe. The shape (conoid, with tail with straight sides and bluntly rounded tip) of the body behind the vulva in <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> differs from that of <i>F. dealbatae</i> Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004 (more slender); <i>F. diversifoliae</i> Davies 2013 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2013b) (narrows more rapidly); <i>F. curriei</i> Fisher & Nickle 1968, <i>F. fisheri</i> (narrows more gradually); <i>F. pohutukawa</i> (conoid, straight); <i>F. floribundae</i> Davies 2013 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2013b), <i>F. juliae,</i> <i>F. morrisae</i> Davies 2012 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2012b), <i>F. pimpamensis</i> Davies 2013 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2013b), <i>F. porosae</i>, <i>F. planchonianae</i> Davies 2014 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2014b) and <i>F. ptychocarpae</i> Davies 2008 (Taylor & Davies 2008) (more slender); <i>F. brevicauda</i> Siddiqi 1994, <i>F. cajuputiae</i> Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004, <i>F. camaldulensae</i>, <i>F. fasciculosae</i>, <i>F. leucadendrae</i> Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004, <i>F. nervosae</i> Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004 and <i>F. viridiflorae</i> Davies & Giblin-Davis 2004 (tips more broadly rounded). The parthenogenetic female of <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> tends to have a smaller stylet than that of <i>F. leucoxylonae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and <i>F. planchonianae</i> (respectively, 7–9 µm <i>vs</i> 9–11.5 µm and 9–12 µm). It is difficult to separate the parthenogenetic female of <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and <i>F. minimus</i> Lisnawita 2013 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2013b) but the latter tends to be larger, to be more tightly coiled when heat relaxed, and to have the body behind the vulva forming a more elongate conoid shape. Morphologically, the parthenogenetic female of <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> cannot be separated from that of <i>F. schmidti</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and <i>F. colbrani</i> Davies 2014 (in Davies <i>et al.</i> 2014a).</p> <p> The infective female (body an open C-shape with strongly curved posterior region) of <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n.</b></p> <p> <b>sp.</b> differs in shape from those of <i>F. cajuputiae, F. camaldulensae</i>, <i>F. colbrani</i>, <i>F. cosmophyllae, F. dealbatae, F. delegatensisae, F. diversifoliae</i>, <i>F. fasciculosae</i>, <i>F. floribundae</i>, <i>F. leucadendrae, F. leucoxylonae</i>, <i>F. m a gn a, F. nervosae</i>, <i>F. pimpamensis</i>, <i>F. philippinensis, F. porosae, F. quinquenerviae,</i> and <i>F. viridiflorae</i> (arcuate to open C); from <i>F. eugenioidae</i>, <i>F. juliae</i>, <i>F. morrisae</i>, and <i>F ptychocarpae</i> (strongly curved in posterior region); and from <i>F. rileyi</i> (almost straight). In length (222–298 µm), the female is smaller than <i>F. magna</i> (537–633 µm), <i>F. brevicauda</i> (330–410 µm), <i>F. brittenae</i> (375–550 µm), <i>F. camaldulensae</i> (346–454 µm), <i>F. colbrani</i> (369–405 µm), <i>F. cosmophyllae</i> (374–448 µm), <i>F. curriei</i> (417–489 µm), <i>F. delegatensae</i> (375–452 µm), <i>F. diversifoliae</i> (357–473 µm), <i>F. eugenioidae</i> (438 µm), <i>F. juliae</i> (396–550 µm), <i>F. minimus</i> (419–458 µm), <i>F. morrisae</i> (322–395 µm), <i>F. pimpamensis</i> (369–443 µm), <i>F. planchonianae</i> (303–339 µm), <i>F. ptychocarpae</i> (387–471 µm), <i>F. rileyi</i> (378–432 µm), <i>F. tumifaciens</i> (345–445 µm), and <i>F. vim inal isae</i> (334–437 µm). The shape of the tail tip (hemispherical) differs from that of <i>F. microcarpae</i> (broadly rounded). The infective female of <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> tends to be smaller than those of <i>F. f i s he r i</i> (mean 272 µm, 222–298 µm <i>vs</i> mean 349 µm, 241–395 µm). There is a tendency for the vulva to be more anterior in <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> than in <i>F. sporangae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> (mean 77%, 73–81% <i>vs</i> mean 83%, 80–88%). Morphologically, the infective female of <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> cannot be separated from that of <i>F. schmidti</i> <b>n. sp.</b></p> <p> In shape (arcuate to J-shaped), the male of <i>F. gomphocephalae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> differs from those of <i>F. jambophila</i> (almost straight). Length (228–283 µm) is shorter than in <i>F. magna</i> (446–588 µm), <i>F. brevicauda</i> (330–420 µm), <i>F. camaldulensae</i> (383–451 µm), <i>F. c o l b r a ni</i> (288–481 µm), <i>F. cosmophyllae</i> (374–502 µm), <i>F. curriei</i> (370–492 µm), <i>F. dealbatae</i> (314–432 µm), <i>F. delegatensae</i> (350–518 µm), <i>F. diversifoliae</i> (413–459 µm), <i>F. eugenioidae</i> (341–420 µm), <i>F. fisheri</i> (292–453 µm), <i>F. floribundae</i> (403–570 µm), <i>F. juliae</i> (377–453 µm), <i>F. minimus</i> (368–502 µm), <i>F. morrisae</i> (347–413 µm), <i>F. pimpamensis</i> (407–525 µm), <i>F. philippinensis</i> (280–390 µm), <i>F. pohutukawa</i> (398–469 µm), <i>F. planchonianae</i> (291–373 µm), <i>F. ptychocarpae</i> (405–535 µm), <i>F. r i l e yi</i> (378–508 µm), <i>F. sporangae</i> <b>n. sp.</b> (292–400 µm), <i>F. tumifaciens</i> (314–481 µm), <i>F. viminalisae</i
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