1,041 research outputs found
Intelligenze multiple a scuola. Rilevare i punti di forza dei bambini e delle bambine, progettare attività di bridging verso i settori di debolezza
No full textHuman bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles attenuate neuroinflammation evoked by focal brain injury in rats
No full textBackground Ischemic stroke is the major cause of long-term severe disability and death in aged population. Cell death in the infarcted region of the brain induces immune reaction leading to further progression of tissue damage. Immunomodulatory function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown in multiple preclinical studies; however, it has not been successfully translated to a routine clinical practice due to logistical, economical, regulatory, and intellectual property obstacles. It has been recently demonstrated that therapeutic effect of intravenously administered MSCs can be recapitulated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from them. However, in contrast to MSCs, EVs were not capable to decrease stroke-induced neuroinflammation. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate if intra-arterial delivery of MSC-derived EVs will have stronger impact on focal brain injury-induced neuroinflammation, which mimics ischemic stroke, and how it compares to MSCs. Methods The studies were performed in adult male Wistar rats with focal brain injury induced by injection of 1 mu l of 50 nmol ouabain into the right hemisphere. Two days after brain insult, 5 x 10(5) human bone marrow MSCs (hBM-MSCs) labeled with Molday ION or 1.3 x 10(9) EVs stained with PKH26 were intra-arterially injected into the right hemisphere under real-time MRI guidance. At days 1, 3, and 7 post-transplantation, the rats were decapitated, the brains were removed, and the presence of donor cells or EVs was analyzed. The cellular immune response in host brain was evaluated immunohistochemically, and humoral factors were measured by multiplex immunoassay. Results hBM-MSCs and EVs transplanted intra-arterially were observed in the rat ipsilateral hemisphere, near the ischemic region. Immunohistochemical analysis of brain tissue showed that injection of hBM-MSCs or EVs leads to the decrease of cell activation by ischemic injury, i.e., astrocytes, microglia, and infiltrating leucocytes, including T cytotoxic cells. Furthermore, we observed significant decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines after hBM-MSC or EV infusion comparing with non-treated rats with focal brain injury. Conclusions Intra-arterially injected EVs attenuated neuroinflammation evoked by focal brain injury, which mimics ischemic stroke, and this effect was comparable to intra-arterial hBM-MSC transplantation. Thus, intra-arterial injection of EVs might be an attractive therapeutic approach, which obviates MSC-related obstacles
Refleksje na temat pracy M. Dąbrowska, P. Maciejewska, K. Walczyńska, A. Zielonka, Z. Pilarski, W. Skibiński
No full text<p>Review work "The use of the assessment of the financial health of the entity to financial planning" by M. Dabrowska, P. Maciejewska, K. Walczyńska, A. Zielonka, Z. Pilarski, W. Skibinski. Were taken into account such elements as part of the substantive, structure, aesthetics and relevance of conclusions.</p
Interdisciplinarity Dimension in Research Information Systems – Evidence from Poland
No full textAbstractResearch information systems (RIS) or scientific information systems (SIS), alike enterprise information systems (EIS), should cover interdisciplinarity aspects as a dimension that influences significantly research potential and activity of particular scientists.The aim of the work is to investigate the Polish scientific environment related to life sciences and engineering, with reference to its interdisciplinarity. It is believed that researchers having knowledge and experience in many different scientific areas are more successful and prone to make substantial scientific discoveries. Analysing Polish scientific achievements with respect to research projects granted and publications of the leading researchers, author states that scientists with multi-scientific background are more effective in granting additional funding for research. However, multidisciplinarity (interdisciplinarity), in terms of subject areas of specialization, has limitations. Author expects, that number of disciplines in which particular scientist has an experience might be extended with a success only to certain level.Preliminary results suggest, that interdisciplinarity background of individual scientists need to be incorporated in RIS/SIS as an obligatory dimension. It is of great importance for potential research cooperation, policy advisors and authorities financing research activities, as well as for business searching for professionals in differentiated scientific fields
A Comprehensive Survey on Antennas On-Chip Based on Metamaterial, Metasurface, and Substrate Integrated Waveguide Principles for Millimeter-Waves and Terahertz Integrated Circuits and Systems
No full textAntennas on-chip are a particular type of radiating elements valued for their small footprint. They are most commonly integrated in circuit boards to electromagnetically interface free space, which is necessary for wireless communications. Antennas on-chip radiate and receive electromagnetic (EM) energy as any conventional antennas, but what distinguishes them is their miniaturized size. This means they can be integrated inside electronic devices. Although on-chip antennas have a limited range, they are suitable for cell phones, tablet computers, headsets, global positioning system (GPS) devices, and WiFi and WLAN routers. Typically, on-chip antennas are handicapped by narrow bandwidth (less than 10%) and low radiation efficiency. This survey provides an overview of recent techniques and technologies investigated in the literature, to implement high performance on-chip antennas for millimeter-waves (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) integrated-circuit (IC) applications. The technologies discussed here include metamaterial (MTM), metasurface (MTS), and substrate integrated waveguides (SIW). The antenna designs described here are implemented on various substrate layers such as Silicon, Graphene, Polyimide, and GaAs to facilitate integration on ICs. Some of the antennas described here employ innovative excitation mechanisms, for example comprising open-circuited microstrip-line that is electromagnetically coupled to radiating elements through narrow dielectric slots. This excitation mechanism is shown to suppress surface wave propagation and reduce substrate loss. Other techniques described like SIW are shown to significantly attenuate surface waves and minimise loss. Radiation elements based on the MTM and MTS inspired technologies are shown to extend the effective aperture of the antenna without compromising the antenna's form factor. Moreover, the on-chip antennas designed using the above technologies exhibit significantly improved impedance match, bandwidth, gain and radiation efficiency compared to previously used technologies. These features make such antennas a prime candidate for mmWave and THz on-chip integration. This review provides a thorough reference source for specialist antenna designers
Psychological functioning of patients undergoing oral surgery procedures during the regime related with sars-cov-2 pandemic
No full textThe coronavirus pandemic has become a huge global challenge medically, economically and psychologically. The COVID-19 pandemic shows that the population can experience general psychological distress. The sanitary regime in dental offices and lack of vaccine for coronavirus may have an impact on the level of dental anxiety among patients undergoing oral surgery procedures. A clinical study was conducted between November 2019 and September 2020. A total of 175 patients (n = 175) were enrolled in the research. The aim of the study was to assess the attitude of patients towards the new situation related to the reduced availability of dental offices providing oral surgery procedures. The level of anxiety associated with surgical intervention was measured using a self-made COVID-19 questionnaire and the MDAS scale. The ED-5Q questionnaire and EQ-VAS scale were also used in this research. The study showed that 21.9% of respondents presented with increased anxiety about a dental visit compared with the time before the pandemic. This epidemiological situation has led to an overwhelming increase in moderate dental anxiety (M: 11.4) among patients undergoing oral surgery procedures. The quality of patients’ health (EQ-VAS) related to the impact of the coronavirus pandemic and the quarantine decreased by 10 percentage points. Oral surgeons should be prepared for more anxious patients in dental offices during the pandemic
Comparison Of E-Nose, Fraction Of Exhaled Nitric Oxide And Pulmonary Function Testing Reproducibility In Patients With Stable COPD
No full textEsophageal cancer in Central and Eastern Europe: Tobacco and alcohol
No full textEsophageal cancer mortality rates in Central and Eastern Europe have been increasing steadily and are expected to increase further in the future. To evaluate the role of risk factors for esophageal cancer in this population, a multicenter study was conducted, with investigation of tobacco and alcohol as one of the principal aims. We have included 192 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 35 adenocarcinoma cases of the esophagus diagnosed at designated hospitals in 5 centers from Romania, Russia, the Czech Republic and Poland. Controls were frequency matched from patients in the same hospital as the cases (n = 1,114). Our results showed that the risk of esophageal SCC may be increased by approximately 7-fold for current smokers (OR = 7.41, 95% CI 3.98-13.79) and by 3-fold for ever alcohol drinkers (OR = 2.86, 95% CI 1.06-7.74). Dose-response relations were evident for both the frequency and duration of tobacco and of alcohol on the risk of esophageal SCC. Risk estimates for tobacco smoking were highest for lower esophageal SCCs, while risk estimates for alcohol drinking were highest for upper esophageal SCCs; though differences were not statistically significant. For adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, our results suggested a more modest increase in risk because of tobacco smoking than that for SCC of the esophagus and no association with alcohol consumption, although our sample size was small. A Synergist it interaction between tobacco and alcohol was observed for the risk of esophageal SCC, highlighting the importance of both factors for esophageal cancers in Central and Eastern Europe. © 2007 Wiley-Liss. Inc
Estimation of the Bivariate Survival Function with Generalized Bivariate Right Censored Data Structures
No full textWe propose a bivariate survival function estimator for a general right censored data structure that includes a time dependent covariate process. Firstly, an initial estimator that generalizes Dabrowska\u27s (1988) estimator is introduced. We obtain this estimator by a general methodology of constructing estimating functions in censored data models. The initial estimator is guaranteed to improve on Dabrowska\u27s estimator and remains consistent and asymptotically linear under informative censoring schemes if the censoring mechanism is estimated consistently. We then construct an orthogonalized estimating function which results in a more robust and efficient estimator than our initial estimator. A simulation study demonstrates the performance of the proposed estimators
Contribution of tobacco and alcohol to the high rates of squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottis and glottis in Central Europe
No full textIncidence rates for laryngeal cancer in Central Europe are among the highest in the world. The authors recruited cases and controls between 2000 and 2002 for the Central and Eastern Europe Multicenter Study to investigate the role of tobacco and alcohol as causes of laryngeal cancer in this region. A total of 384 incident squamous cell cases were included, comprising 254 glottic and 108 supraglottic cancers. Hospital controls were chosen from within the same catchment area, from diseases unrelated to tobacco or alcohol (n = 918). Significant dose-response trends for frequency and duration of tobacco use were observed for both supraglottic and glottic cancers, with potentially a more important effect for supraglottic cancer. Quitting smoking was protective against laryngeal cancers after 5 years. Any increases in risk for alcohol drinking were generally moderate and nonsignificant. A greater than multiplicative interaction was observed between tobacco and alcohol on the risk of laryngeal cancer (p = 0.04). Approximately 87% of laryngeal cancer cases in Central Europe are attributable to tobacco use, of which 75% and 12% are due to current and past smoking, respectively. Approximately 39% are attributable to the interaction between alcohol and tobacco. Preventive efforts to encourage current smokers to quit are likely to be the most effective way to reduce the incidence of laryngeal cancer in this region. Copyright © 2007 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved
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