4,890 research outputs found
3-D Density, Thermal, and Compositional Model of the Antarctic Lithosphere and Implications for Its Evolution
No full textWe create a 3-D density, temperature, and composition model of the Antarctic lithosphere using an integrative approach combining gravity, topography, and tomography data with mineral physics constraints and seismic data on crustal structures. The latter is used to create a new Moho and crustal density model. Temperature and thermal density variations are estimated based on S wave velocities from two independent tomography models (SL2013sv and AN1-S). Results of the Antarctic continent show the well-known distinction between East and West Antarctica in temperature and density to a depth of about 200 km. Incorporating compositional variations in the temperature calculations increases temperatures in depleted regions by up to 150 °C, giving improved insights into thermal structures. The thickness of the lithospheric root also varies strongly between these regions, with values below 100 km in the west and above 200 km in the east. Regions with negative compositional density variations ( 91.5), and low temperatures (<800 °C; central Dronning Maud Land, along the east flank of the Transantarctic Mountains) are interpreted as Precambrian cratonic fragments. Nearly undepleted lithosphere is found in the Lambert Graben and the Aurora Subglacial Basin and is attributed to Mesozoic rifting activity that has caused lithospheric rejuvenation
Making space for geometry in primary mathematics
No full textThis chapter examines the structure and recommendations of the UK National Numeracy Strategy (NNS) with respect to the teaching of geometry at primary school. It looks at ways in which the NNS recommendations might be best taken forward and whether there are important aspects of geometry that the Strategy has omitted or to which it has paid too little attention. It suggests that until spatial and visual thinking is given greater status within the mental and oral segments of primary mathematics lessons, and until more curriculum space at primary level is devoted to geometry, children may well continue to have insufficient opportunity to develop fundamental visualisation and spatial reasoning skills that are so important in an increasingly visual world
Supplemental_material – Supplemental material for A Method for Collecting Atmospheric Microbial Samples From Set Altitudes for Use With Next-Generation Sequencing Techniques to Characterize Communities
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental_material for A Method for Collecting Atmospheric Microbial Samples From Set Altitudes for Use With Next-Generation Sequencing Techniques to Characterize Communities by Allison M Spring, Kathryn M Docherty, Kenneth D Domingue, Thomas V Kerber, Margaret M Mooney and Kristina M Lemmer in Air, Soil and Water Research</p
Supplemental Material, UniversalKriging_SMR_Supplemental_Content - Using Universal Kriging to Improve Neighborhood Physical Disorder Measurement
No full textSupplemental Material, UniversalKriging_SMR_Supplemental_Content for Using Universal Kriging to Improve Neighborhood Physical Disorder Measurement by Stephen J. Mooney, Michael D. M. Bader, Gina S. Lovasi, Kathryn M. Neckerman, Andrew G. Rundle and Julien O. Teitler in Sociological Methods & Research</p
Two-loop Sudakov form factor in ABJM
No full textThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited
A Thermo-Compositional Model of the African Cratonic Lithosphere
No full textRecently, the continually increasing availability of seismic data has allowed high-resolution imaging of lithospheric structure beneath the African cratons. In this study, S-wave seismic tomography is combined with high resolution satellite gravity data in an integrated approach to investigate the structure of the cratonic lithosphere of Africa. A new model for the Moho depth and data on the crustal density structure is employed along with global dynamic models to calculate residual topography and mantle gravity residuals. Corrections for thermal effects of an initially juvenile mantle are estimated based on S-wave tomography and mineral physics. Joint inversion of the residuals yields necessary compositional adjustments that allow to recalculate the thermal effects. After several iterations, we obtain a consistent model of upper mantle temperature, thermal and compositional density variations, and Mg# as a measure of depletion, as well as an improved crustal density model. Our results show that thick and cold depleted lithosphere underlies West African, northern to central eastern Congo, and Zimbabwe Cratons. However, for most of these regions, the areal extent of their depleted lithosphere differs from the respective exposed Archean shields. Meanwhile, the lithosphere of Uganda, Tanzania, most of eastern and southern Congo, and the Kaapvaal Craton is thinner, warmer, and shows little or no depletion. Furthermore, the results allow to infer that the lithosphere of the exposed Archean shields of Congo and West African cratons was depleted before the single blocks were merged into their respective cratons
Variations of the lithospheric strength and elastic thickness in North America
No full textWe evaluate the effect of temperature variations on strength and effective elastic thickness (Te) of the lithosphere of the North American (NA) continent. To this purpose, we use two thermal models that are corrected for compositional variations and anelasticity effects in the upper mantle. These thermal models are obtained from a joint inversion of gravity data and two recent seismic tomography models (NA07 and SL2013sv). The crustal rheology was defined using NACr14, the most recent NA crustal model. This model specifies seismic velocities and thickness for a three-layer model of the crystalline crust. Strength in the lithosphere and in the crust has similar distributions, indicating that local geotherms play a dominant role in determining strength rather than crustal composition. A pronounced contrast is present in strength between cratonic and off-cratonic regions. Lithospheric strength in the off-cratonic regions is prevalently localized within the crust and Te shows low values (150 km). In contrast to previous results, our models indicate that Phanerozoic regions located close to the edge of the cratons, as the Appalachians, are characterized by low strength. We also find that locally weak zones exist within the cratons (e.g., beneath the intracratonic Illinois Basin and Midcontinent rift). Seismic tomography models NA07 and SL2013sv differ mainly in some peripheral parts of the cratons, as the Proterozoic Canadian Platform, the Grenville, and the western part of the Yavapai-Mazatzal province, where the integrated strength for the model NA07 is 10 times larger than in model SL2013sv due to a temperature difference (>200°C) in the uppermost mantle. The differences in Te between the two models are less pronounced. In both models, Proterozoic regions reactivated by Meso-Cenozoic tectonics (e.g., Rocky Mountains and the Mississippi Embayment) are characterized by a weak lithosphere due to the absence of the mechanically strong part of the mantle lithospheric layer. Intraplate earthquakes are distributed along the edges of the cratons, demonstrating that tectonic stress accumulates there, while the cores of the cratons remain undeformed. In both models, intraplate earthquakes occur in weak lithosphere (∼0.5 × 1013 Pa s, Te ∼ 15 km) or near the edges of strong cratonic blocks, characterized by pronounced contrasts of strength and Te. Key Points: We estimate strength and Te distribution of the North American continent Thermal more than compositional changes induce main strength and Te variations Seismicity is concentrated where large contrast of strength is estimate
Deficits in high- (>60 Hz) gamma-band oscillations during visual processing in schizophrenia
No full textCurrent theories of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia have focused on abnormal temporal coordination of neural activity. Oscillations in the gamma-band range (>25 Hz) are of particular interest as they establish synchronization with great precision in local cortical networks. However, the contribution of high gamma (>60 Hz) oscillations toward the pathophysiology is less established. To address this issue, we recorded magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data from 16 medicated patients with chronic schizophrenia and 16 controls during the perception of Mooney faces. MEG data were analysed in the 25–150 Hz frequency range. Patients showed elevated reaction times and reduced detection rates during the perception of upright Mooney faces while responses to inverted stimuli were intact. Impaired processing of Mooney faces in schizophrenia patients was accompanied by a pronounced reduction in spectral power between 60–120 Hz (effect size: d = 1.26) which was correlated with disorganized symptoms (r = −0.72). Our findings demonstrate that deficits in high gamma-band oscillations as measured by MEG are a sensitive marker for aberrant cortical functioning in schizophrenia, suggesting an important aspect of the pathophysiology of the disorder
Claus Prodehl and Walter D. Mooney : Exploring the earth’s crust: history and results of controlled-source seismology [Book review]
No full textAuthor Posting. © The Author(s), 2014. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Springer for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Marine Geophysical Research 35 (2014): 419-421, doi:10.1007/s11001-014-9221-0.Prodehl
and
Mooney
have
done
an
impressive
service
to
the
community
in
providing
this
compendium
of
controlled-‐source
seismic
studies
of
the
earth's
crust
carried
out
to
2005.
It
is
a
remarkable
piece
of
work.
The
book
will
be
a
valuable
resource
for
students
and
researches
in
earth
sciences
for
many
years
to
come.2015-04-2
Cancer Symptom Care at Home
No full textCancer and its treatments cause a variety of symptoms that decrease quality of life and can even be life-threatening. Symptoms such as pain, nausea and vomiting, fever, fatigue, and weakness frequently occur while patients are at home in between their clinic visits. Patients and their family members are often ill-prepared to evaluate and manage these symptoms themselves. As a consequence, poorly controlled symptoms frequently result in emergency department visits and unplanned hospitalizations. To address this problem, Huntsman Cancer Institute investigator Kathi Mooney, PhD, RN, and her colleague, Susan Beck, PhD, APRN, developed Symptom Care at Home, an automated, remote-monitoring platform that assesses 11 symptoms at home, provides automated self-management coaching based on the symptom severity reported, and automatically alerts the clinical team about symptoms requiring further intervention. An electronic decision support dashboard guides the clinical team in intensifying symptom care based on evidence-based practice guidelines. Tested through randomized controlled trials, this technology-aided solution has resulted in dramatic reductions in patients\u27 symptoms as well as improvements in the well-being of family caregivers
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