44 research outputs found
Complexity Lower Bounds for Computing the Approximately-Commuting Operator Value of Non-Local Games to High Precision
No full textWe study the problem of approximating the commuting-operator value of a two-player non-local game. It is well-known that it is NP-complete to decide whether the classical value of a non-local game is 1 or 1- epsilon, promised that one of the two is the case. Furthermore, as long as epsilon is small enough, this result does not depend on the gap epsilon. In contrast, a recent result of Fitzsimons, Ji, Vidick, and Yuen shows that the complexity of computing the quantum value grows without bound as the gap epsilon decreases. In this paper, we show that this also holds for the commuting-operator value of a game. Specifically, in the language of multi-prover interactive proofs, we show that the power of MIP^{co}(2,1,1,s) (proofs with two provers, one round, completeness probability 1, soundness probability s, and commuting-operator strategies) can increase without bound as the gap 1-s gets arbitrarily small.
Our results also extend naturally in two ways, to perfect zero-knowledge protocols, and to lower bounds on the complexity of computing the approximately-commuting value of a game. Thus we get lower bounds on the complexity class PZK-MIP^{co}_{delta}(2,1,1,s) of perfect zero-knowledge multi-prover proofs with approximately-commuting operator strategies, as the gap 1-s gets arbitrarily small. While we do not know any computable time upper bound on the class MIP^{co}, a result of the first author and Vidick shows that for s = 1-1/poly(f(n)) and delta = 1/poly(f(n)), the class MIP^{co}_delta(2,1,1,s), with constant communication from the provers, is contained in TIME(exp(poly(f(n)))). We give a lower bound of coNTIME(f(n)) (ignoring constants inside the function) for this class, which is tight up to polynomial factors assuming the exponential time hypothesis
Standing with Those Who Stand for Life (Podcast 034)
No full textDr. Sullivan writes: I had the chance to sit down with Paul Coudron, Executive Director of Dayton Right to Life. The Center for Bioethics is excited to partner with this important advocate for the unborn. During the interview, we talk about the recent successful Ride for Life (which included the Cedarville University campus) and an upcoming event on September 22nd. Dr. Ben Carson: neurosurgeon, pro-life advocate, and candidate for U.S. President, will be speaking at the University of Dayton arena
Quantum algorithms and the power of forgetting
No full textThe so-called welded tree problem provides an example of a black-box problem
that can be solved exponentially faster by a quantum walk than by any classical
algorithm. Given the name of a special ENTRANCE vertex, a quantum walk can find
another distinguished EXIT vertex using polynomially many queries, though
without finding any particular path from ENTRANCE to EXIT. It has been an open
problem for twenty years whether there is an efficient quantum algorithm for
finding such a path, or if the path-finding problem is hard even for quantum
computers. We show that a natural class of efficient quantum algorithms
provably cannot find a path from ENTRANCE to EXIT. Specifically, we consider
algorithms that, within each branch of their superposition, always store a set
of vertex labels that form a connected subgraph including the ENTRANCE, and
that only provide these vertex labels as inputs to the oracle. While this does
not rule out the possibility of a quantum algorithm that efficiently finds a
path, it is unclear how an algorithm could benefit by deviating from this
behavior. Our no-go result suggests that, for some problems, quantum algorithms
must necessarily forget the path they take to reach a solution in order to
outperform classical computation.Comment: 49 pages, 9 figure
Société d'histoire du droit et des institutions des pays flamands, picards et wallons. Journées internationales de Delft, 13 mai au 16 mai 1999
No full textVerschave Jean-Pierre, Puype J.-P., Roelofsen C.-G., Lorgnier Jacques, Lesaffer Randall, Winkel Laurent, Lefebvre Jean-Luc, Dubois Sébastien, Verhas Christel, Kerckhoffs-de Hey E., Wauters Bart, Horvat Stanislas, Van Loo I.J., Wijffels A., Pfister-Langanay Christian, Deperchin-Gouillard A., Lekéal Farid, De Blois M., Sprenger R.M., Van Lennep Maurits. J., Coudron Christophe, Feenstra Robert. Société d'histoire du droit et des institutions des pays flamands, picards et wallons. Journées internationales de Delft, 13 mai au 16 mai 1999. In: Revue du Nord, tome 82, n°334, Janvier-mars 2000. pp. 133-151
Boosting cloud communications through a crosslayer multipath protocol architecture
No full textInternational audienceExternal reliability in data-center networking is today commonly reached via forms of provider multihoming, so as to guarantee higher service availability rates. In parallel, Cloud users also resort to multihoming via different device access interfaces (Wi-fi, 3G, Wired). Both practices add path diversity between Cloud users and servers, unusable with legacy communication protocols. To overcome this void, we present a holistic multipath communication architecture for Cloud access and inter-Cloud communications, and defend its possible implementation using three promising recent protocols functionally acting at three different communication layers: MPTCP, LISP and TRILL
New Strategies towards the Next Generation of Personal Worn Bio Detector
No full textAlthough personal samplers have been used for many years in fields such as occupational hygiene to measure individual exposure to toxic materials [1], they are still not widely used by the military and civil defence agencies for detection of biological warfare agents (BWA). Due to the low toxic threshold and large dynamic range of the BWA concentration and field equipments’ high limit of detection, using personal samplers to inform whether soldiers or civilian personnel have been exposed to dangerous levels of BWA is particularly challenging. Here, we present a new concept [2] for high concentration ratio sampling combining electrostatic precipitation of airborne particulates with electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) droplet transportation. The concept is based on a lightweight personal electrostatic precipitator (ESP) to collect aerosol particulates onto a removable hydrophobic surface. The EWOD system then transfers the collected sample into a microlitre-size water droplet that is actuated across the surface [3] thus delivering a highly concentrated sample for analysis. For an optimised ESP-EWOD system, a concentration ratio of 4.4 × 10^5 per minute of sampling can be expected. We will discuss the initial results obtained for each part of the concept separately and we will present the different strategies to move from two distinct units: a lightweight ESP and a transportable EWOD system, to a fully integrated, personal, worn bio-detector for detection of BWA on the military field. References [1] J. Vincent, Aerosol sampling, Wiley, Chichester, UK (2007). [2] T. Foat, W. Sellors, M. Walker, P. Rachwal, J. Jones, D. Despeyroux, L. Coudron, I. Munro, D. McCluskey, C. Tan, M. Tracey, J Aerosol Sci, 95 43 (2016) [3] M. Jonsson-Niedziolka, F. Lapierre, Y. Coffinier, S. J. Parry, F. Zoueshtiagh, T. Foat, V. Thomy and R. Boukherroub, Lab on a Chip, 11 490 (2011)
Proceedings of Abstracts, School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science Research Conference 2022
No full textThe present proceedings record the abstracts submitted and accepted for presentation at SPECS 2022, the second edition of the School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science Research Conference that took place online, the 12th April 2022
Interactive Proofs with Approximately Commuting Provers
No full textThe class MIP∗ of promise problems that can be decided through an interactive proof system with multiple entangled provers provides a complexity-theoretic framework for the exploration of the nonlocal properties of entanglement. Very little is known in terms of the power of this class. The only proposed approach for establishing upper bounds is based on a hierarchy of semidefinite programs introduced independently by Pironio et al. and Doherty et al. in 2006. This hierarchy converges to a value, the field-theoretic value, that is only known to coincide with the provers’ maximum success probability in a given proof system under a plausible but difficult mathematical conjecture, Connes’ embedding conjecture. No bounds on the rate of convergence are known.
We introduce a rounding scheme for the hierarchy, establishing that any solution to its N -th level can be mapped to a strategy for the provers in which measurement operators associated with distinct provers have pairwise commutator bounded by O(ℓ^2/√N) in operator norm, where ℓ is the number of possible answers per prover.
Our rounding scheme motivates the introduction of a variant of quantum multiprover interactive proof systems, called MIP∗_δ in which the soundness property is required to hold against provers allowed to operate on the same Hilbert space as long as the commutator of operations performed by distinct provers has norm at most δ. Our rounding scheme implies the upper bound MIP∗_δ ⊆ DTIME(exp(exp(poly)/δ^2)). In terms of lower bounds we establish that MIP∗_(2−poly) contains NEXP with completeness 1 and soundness 1−2^(−poly). We discuss connections with the mathematical literature on approximate commutation and applications to device-independent cryptography
Interactive proofs with approximately commuting provers
No full textThe class MIP∗ of promise problems that can be decided through an interactive proof system withmultiple entangled provers provides a complexity-theoretic framework for the exploration of the nonlocal properties of entanglement. Very little is known in terms of the power of this class. The only proposed approach for establishing upper bounds is based on a hierarchy of semidefinite programs introduced independently by Pironio et al. and Doherty et al. in 2006. This hierarchy converges to a value, the field-theoretic value, that is only known to coincide with the provers’ maximum success probability in a given proof system under a plausible but difficult mathematical conjecture, Connes’ embedding conjecture. No bounds on the rate of convergence are known. We introduce a rounding scheme for the hierarchy, establishing that any solution to its N-th level can be mapped to a strategy for the provers in which measurement operators associated with distinct provers have pairwise commutator bounded by O(l2/ √ N) in operator norm, where l is the number of possible answers per prover. Our rounding scheme motivates the introduction of a variant of quantum multiprover interactive proof systems, called MIP∗ δ, in which the soundness property is required to hold against provers allowed to operate on the same Hilbert space as long as the commutator of operations performed by distinct provers has norm at most δ. Our rounding scheme implies the upper bound MIP∗ δ ⊆ DTIME(exp(exp(poly)/δ2)). In terms of lower bounds we establish that MIP*2−poly contains NEXP with completeness 1 and soundness 1 − 2−poly. We discuss connections with the mathematical literature on approximate commutation and applications to device-independent cryptography.Non-EPF
BugBook: Data analysis methods in studies of insects for food and feed
No full text[EN] In recent decades, research on insect production for food and feed has expanded significantly, driven by advances in farming, processing, genetics, and sustainability. Various data analysis methods, from traditional statistics to advanced machine learning, are used to optimise aspects of insect-based systems. In production, methods like analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis help improve breeding conditions and growth rates, while multivariate analyses support processing studies by evaluating nutritional and microbial safety. Genetic research leverages bioinformatics, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and quantitative genetics to enhance traits like yield and disease resistance. Sustainability assessments use life cycle analysis (LCA) with Monte Carlo simulations to measure environmental impacts. Emerging tools, such as neural networks and support vector machines, are gaining traction for predicting feed conversion ratios and disease detection. Despite progress, a comprehensive guide that bridges classic and novel data analysis methods in insect research is still lacking. This study aims to address this gap by offering an accessible manual for researchers and professionals. It will consolidate methodologies across disciplines, highlighting foundational tools for beginners while showcasing advanced techniques for experts. Topics include the application of tailored methods like chitin and protein accounting, sensory analysis, consumer preference modelling, and data visualisation to improve stakeholder communication. By enhancing methodological rigor and fostering transparency, this guide will promote innovation, facilitate data interchange, and ensure the replicability of findings. Ultimately, it aims to drive sustainable advancements in the mass production of insects for food and feed.This paper is also supported by the EUPRIMA program project ADVAGROMED (Prima 2021 Sect. 2). The project is funded by the General Secretariat for Research and Innovation of the Ministry of Development and Investments of Greece under the
PRIMA Programme. PRIMA is an Article 185 initiative supported and co-funded under Horizon 2020, the
European Union s Programme for Research and Innovation. And partially funded by the Federal Ministry
of Education and Research (BMBF) (grant agreement 02WPM1651). This paper is also supported by the EUPRIMA program project CIPROMED Grant Agreement No: 2231. Call 2022 Section 1 Agri-food IA.Smetana, S.;Coudron, C.;Deruytter, D.;Francis, A.;Pascual Amorós, Juan José;Klammsteiner, T.;Lemke, N.... (2025). BugBook: Data analysis methods in studies of insects for food and feed. Journal of Insects as Food and Feed. 11(18):S579-S605. https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-bja10209SS579S6051118Abeywardhana, D.L., Dangalle, C.D., Nugaliyadde, A. and Mallawarachchi, Y., 2022. An ultra-specific image dataset for automated insect identification. Multimedia Tools and Applications 81: 3223-3251.Alagappan, S., Mallard, S., Cozzolino, D., Mikkelsen, D., James, P., Mantilla, S.O., Yarger, O. and Hoffman, L., 2024. Effect of larval instar and post-harvest treatments on heavy metals in BSFL and frass reared on commercial food waste streams. 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