39,894 research outputs found
On Game Formats and Chu Spaces
No full textIt is argued that virtually all coalitional, strategic and extensive game formats as currently employed in the extant game-theoretic literature may be presented in a natural way as discrete nonfull or even-under a suitable choice of morphisms- as full subcategories of Chu (Poset 2).
Bandwidth of Singular Plasmonic Resonators in Relation to the Chu Limit
No full textPlasmonic nanostructures with singular geometries can exhibit a broadband scattering response that at first glance appears to violate the lower bounds for the radiation quality (Q) factor of small radiators, known as the Chu limit. Here we explore this apparent contradiction, investigating the Q factor of the resonant modes supported by two nearly touching cylinders, and analyze how their fractional bandwidth fares in relation to the Chu limit. We first derive lower bounds for the radiation Q factors of two-dimensional objects of an arbitrary cross-section. We then discuss the dissipation and radiation Q factors associated with the plasmonic resonances of a cylinder dimer as a function of its gap size. We show that the radiation Q factor is always larger than the minimum Q and, as long as the peaks in the scattering spectrum are well separated, their bandwidth is equal to the inverse of their Q factor. In the limit of touching cylinders, the resonance spectra transition from discrete to a continuum around an accumulation point, yielding a broadband response for any finite level of material loss. Within any given frequency interval, the response is the result of a multitude of plasmon resonances, each individually obeying the Chu limit. Nevertheless, the connection between the Q factor and the overall bandwidth of the scattering response is lost. Our study sheds light onto the exotic resonant phenomena emerging when plasmonic materials are shaped in singular geometries, and outlines their opportunities and limitations for nanophotonics
Indocalamus emeiensis C. D. Chu et C. S. Chao 1980
No full textIndocalamus emeiensis C. D. Chu et C. S. Chao (1980: 24) (Fig. 6) Type: — China, Sichuan: Leshan, E’mei Moutain, Hongchunping, elev. 1000–1200 m, 7 June 1976, C. D. Chu & C. S. Chao 76037 (lectotype, designated here, NF3001692!; isolectotypes, NF!, N!, photo PE!) = Indocalamus chongzhouensis Yi et Yang (2004: 13), syn. nov. Type : — China, Sichuan, Chongzhou, Sanlang Town, Chayuan Village, elev. 850–1100 m, 17 Sep. 2003, T. P. Yi 03014 (Syntypes: SIFS!). Revised description:— Rhizomes leptomorph. Culms 1.5–4.2 m tall, 0.7–1.5 cm in diameter, hollow; internodes terete, 20–38 cm long, young culm reddish-brown strigose, infranodal region white powdery, glabrescent when old; wall 1.5–3.0 mm thick; supranodal ridge prominently raised; intranodes 5–15 mm long. Culm sheaths tardily deciduous, oblong, thinly leathery or papery, 1/2 as long as internodes, densely reddish-brown strigose and purple-spotted, margin densely reddish-brown ciliate; auricles falcate, 7–15 mm long, 3–4 mm wide; oral setae radiate, 1.5–2 cm long; ligules 1–3 mm tall, truncate, margin densely ciliate; blades recurved, lanceolate. Foliage leaves 5 or 6 per ultimate branch; sheath sparsely puberulent initially, glabrescent, margin densely ciliate; auricles falcate, 1–2 cm long, 2–3 mm wide; oral setae radiate, 1.5–2.5 cm long; ligules truncate, 2–4 mm tall, margin densely ciliate; blades oblong-lanceolate, 33.0–42.5 × 5.9–9.5 cm, both surfaces glabrous, longitudinal veins 10–15 pairs, base cuneate, apex long-acuminate, margin entire. Inflorescence unknown. Distribution and habitat: — Indocalamus emeiensis is endemic to Sichuan Province, China (Fig. 7) with three distributed localities found so far, i.e., Muping, Sanlang and Emei Mountain. It usually grows in the understory of evergreen broad-leaved forests or dank valleys at elevations of 850–1200 m. Phenology: —New shoots from August to October. Flowering unknown. Additional specimens examined: — CHINA. Sichuan: Chongzhou, Sanlang, 13 Jul. 2018, Gao et al., SCCD1801 (JXAU); ibid., 18 Oct. 2019, Gao et al., SCCD1901 (JXAU); ibid., 10 Aug. 2020, Gao et al., SCCD2001 (JXAU); Leshan, E’mei Mountain, Hongchunping, 28 Sep. 1997, T. P. Yi s.n. (SIFS); ibid., 20 Oct. 1990, T. P. Yi 90130 (SIFS); ibid., 15 Jul. 2018, Gao et al., SCEM1801 (JXAU); ibid., 19 Oct. 2019, Gao et al., SCEM190 (JXAU); ibid., 11 Aug. 2020, Gao et al., SCEM2001 (JXAU); Ya’an, Baoxing, Muping, 8 Jul. 1998, T. P. Yi 98555 (SIFS).Published as part of Gao, Li-Qin, Li, Yong-Long, Guo, Chun-Ce, Yang, Guang-Yao & Zhang, Wen-Gen, 2022, Indocalamus chongzhouensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new synonym of I. emeiensis: evidence from morphology and complete chloroplast genome data, pp. 53-63 in Phytotaxa 542 (1) on pages 60-61, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/640455
Chonocephalus forcipulus Liu & Chu 2016, sp. nov.
No full textChonocephalus forcipulus sp. nov. (Figs 1–5, 11–12) Description. Male. Body generally brown with a pale abdominal venter. Frons brown with a darker ocellar triangle. Only antial and anterolateral bristles clearly differentiated. Postpedicel brown and rounded. Palp strong and about 2 times as long as its greatest breadth. Thorax brownish, dark on top. Scutellum with four fine bristles. Three hairs on upper part of posterior margin of mesopleuron. Legs brown, but all tarsi paler. Front tarsus with a posterodorsal hair palisade on tarsomere 1–4 and tarsomeres 4 and 5 almost same in length. Mid tibia uniformly brown. Hind femur normal and without modification. Wing 1.1–1.2 mm long. Costal index 0.52. Thick veins light brown with tip of costa and vein Rs darker. Thin veins grayish brown and membrane tinged brownish gray. Vein Rs with a vesicle which extends beyond tip of costa. Halter brown. Abdomen with tergites I–VI brown, with only a few short hairs, almost confined to posterior margins. Venter pale grayish with minute, sparse, pale hairs on segments 3–6. Abdominal tergites with fine hairs, little longer in tergites VI. Venter hairs smaller and finer. Hypopygium mainly brown with long hairs, especially in cercus. Left side of epandrium with a dark process before apex, left surstylus and the modified spine lack. Right side of epandrium with a strong process. Bridge strongly developed, dark and M-shaped. Left gonopod long with two bristles and right one lack. Two lobes of hypandrium long, pointed and forceps-shaped. Material examined. Holotype. ♂, China, Tibet, Motuo (29.65 N, 95.48 E; elev. 2 118 m), 3 August 2013, leg. Jianfeng Wang. Paratype. 1♂, same data as the holotype. Distribution. China (Hainan). Etymology. The specific epithet refers to forceps-shaped lobes of hypandrium. Remarks. The species is easily distinguished from other species of the genus by the forceps-shaped lobes of hypandrium, the M-shaped bridge of epandrium and the brown mid tibia. In the key of Disney (2002), the species runs to couplets 3 to C. heymoni. In the key of Disney (2005, 2008) it runs separately to 12 and 25, both to C. heymonsi and C. dominicanus. In the key of Disney (2015), it runs to 33 to C. heymonsi and C. gonocurvatus. However, the new species is distinguished from C. heymonsi and C. dominicanus by the details of hypandrial lobes, right gonopod and the bridge. It is also differed from C. gonocurvatus by the details of anterior process of epandrium and right gonopod of hypandrium.Published as part of Liu, Guangchun & Chu, Mengying, 2016, First record of the scuttle fly genus Chonocephalus Wandolleck (Diptera: Phoridae) from China, with description of a new species, pp. 117-121 in Zoological Systematics 41 (1) on page 119, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201609, http://zenodo.org/record/536476
T??? truy???n th?? ?????n ti???u thuy???t T??? T??m: S??? ph??t tri???n c???a ti???u thuy???t v??n xu??i ??? Vi??t Nam
No full textThis is a translation of "From Verse Narrative to Novel: The Development of Prose Fiction in Vietnam" which is also available in Humboldt Digital Scholar.Ti???u thuy???t ???? xu???t hi???n t???i mi???n Nam Vi???t Nam tr?????c khi Ho??ng Ng???c Ph??ch xu???t b???n quy???n T??? T??m t???i Hanoi n??m 1925 (Xin xem b??i ???Ti???u thuy???t xu???t hi???n t???i Nam K?????? c???a John C. Schafer v?? Th??? Uy??n). Tuy nhi??n t??c ph???m n??y ???? l??m x??n xao d?? lu???n. Hai t??c gi??? b??i n??y gi???i th??ch v?? sao T??? T??m ???? ???nh h?????ng ?????n qu???n ch??ng m???t c??ch s??u r???ng nh?? v???y. Kh??c h???n v???i c??c ti???u thuy???t mi???n Nam, T??? T??m kh??ng gi???ng truy???n th??, m???t th??? lo???i v??n ch????ng r???t ph??? th??ng v??o th??? k??? 19 v?? ?????u th??? k??? 20. Truy???n th?? mang r???t nhi???u t??nh c??ch c???a truy???n ???romance??? m?? L?? Minh Th???ng d???ch l?? ???truy???n h?? c???u???. ??? t???i Ph??p v?? Anh, truy???n ???romance??? ?????n tr?????c ti???u thuy???t c??ng gi???ng nh?? ??? Vi???t Nam truy???n th?? ?????n tr?????c ti???u thuy???t b???ng v???n v??n. Hai t??c gi??? d??ng ph????ng ph??p m?? Lennard Davis ???? d??ng ????? gi???i th??ch ti???u thuy???t ??? ??u ch??u ???? t??ch r???i ra kh???i romance nh?? th??? n??o ????? gi???i th??ch T??? T??m ???? t??ch r???i ra kh???i c??c truy???n th?? nh?? L???c V??n Ti??n c???a Nguy???n ????nh Chi???u. Hai t??c gi??? n??u ra vi???c T??? T??m ???????c ?????t trong c??ng m???t th???i gian v?? kh??ng gian v???i t??c gi??? trong khi L???c V??n Ti??n ???????c ?????t v??o m???t ho??n c???nh xa l??? v?? ???? ???????c l?? t?????ng h??a. V?? d??? th??? hai l?? T??? T??m nh???n m???nh ?????n nh???ng m???i t??nh b??? c???m ??o??n, trong khi L???c V??n Ti??n, gi???ng nh?? nhi???u chuy???n romance kh??c, chu???ng s??? gi??? g??n ?????c h???nh v?? l??ng trinh b???ch. ??p d???ng ph????ng ph??p c???a Davis, hai t??c gi??? kh??m ph?? ra c??c kh??c bi???t r???t r??? r??ng gi???a T??? T??m v?? L???c V??n Ti??n. H??? c??ng n??u ra Ho??ng Ng???c Ph??ch ???? b??? ???nh h?????ng b???i cu???n La dame aux cam??lias c???a Alexandre Dumas fils v?? c??c ti???u thuy???t ?????y t??nh y??u ???y m??? c???a c??c v??n s?? ??u ch??u nh?? th??? n??o khi s??ng t??c cu???n T??? T??m.The research for this article was assisted by a grant from the Joint Committee on Southeast Asia of the Social Science Research Council and the American Council of Learned Societies. A Luce Junior Faculty Fellowship enabled Schafer to use the John M. Echols Collection on Southeast Asia at Cornell University
Optical Flow Based State Estimation for an Indoor Micro Aerial Vehicle
No full textThis work addresses the problem of indoor state estimation for autonomous flying vehicles with an optic flow approach. The paper discusses a sensor configuration using six optic flow sensors of the computer mouse type augmented by a three-axis accelerometer to estimate velocity, rotation, attitude and viewing distances. It is shown that the problem is locally observable for a moving vehicle. A Kalman filter is used to extract these states from the sensor data. The resulting approach is tested in a simulation environment evaluating the performance of three Kalman filter algorithms under various noise conditions. Finally, a prototype of the sensor hardware has been built and tested in a laboratory setup. Paper published: Verveld, M.J., Chu, Q.P., De Wagter, C. and Mulder, J.A. “Optic Flow Based State Estimation for an Indoor Micro Air Vehicle” AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference, August 2010, Toronto, Canada AIAA 2010-8209, DOI: 10.2514/6.2010-8209Aerospace EngineeringControl & Simulatio
Cross correlations of Frank sequences and Chu Sequences.
No full textSets of Frank sequences and Chu sequences are two classes of polyphase sequence with ideal periodic autocorrelation functions, which at the same time have optimum crosscorrelation functions. The authors consider the crosscorrelations of sets of combined Frank/Chu sequences, which contain a larger number of sequences than either of the two constituent sets. It is shown analytically that the crosscorrelations are similar to those of the original sets with one exception, while the autocorrelations remain perfectly impulsiv
Raymunida formosanus Lin, Chan & Chu 2004
No full textRaymunida formosanus Lin, Chan & Chu, 2004 (Fig. 17) Raymunida formosanus Lin, Chan & Chu, 2004: 149–156, figs. 1–3 [type locality: TaiShi, NE Taiwan]. Material examined. NEW SOUTH WALES: AM P26582, 1 female (19.7 mm), E of Crowdy Head, 31°54’S, 153°00’E, 104 m, K771302, 17 Aug 1977. Remarks. The single Australian specimen is badly fragmented but is tentatively identified with R. formosanus, described from Taiwan. The present specimen agrees well with the type description, notably in the relatively robust chelae (being 5 times as long as wide in females) and in the distinctly squamose meri of the walking legs, features that distinguish R. formosanus from the very similar New Caledonian species R. confundens Macpherson & Machordom, 2001. It differs from the type description in having spines along most of the length, instead of primarily on the proximal half of the lower margin of the pollex of the cheliped. The significance of this difference in chela spination is not readily apparent. It could represent specific distinction or merely intraspecific variation. Additional intact Australian specimens are required to settle the issue. Distribution. Northeastern Taiwan and now from eastern Australia at depths between 104 and 300 m.Published as part of Ahyong, Shane T. & Poore, Gary C. B., 2004, Deep-water Galatheidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) from southern and eastern Australia, pp. 1-76 in Zootaxa 472 (1) on pages 70-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.472.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/555292
Total Decoupling of a general quadratic pencil, Part II: Gradient flow approaches
No full textQuadratic pencils, 2M +C +K, where M, C, and K are n×n real matrices with or without some
additional properties such as symmetry, connectivity, bandedness, or positive definiteness, arise in many important
applications. Recently an existence theory has been established, showing that almost all n-degree-of-freedom second
order systems can be reduced to n totally independent single-degree-of-freedom second order subsystems by realvalued
isospectral transformations. In contrast to the common knowledge that generally no three matrices can be
diagonalized simultaneously by equivalence transformations, these isospectral transformations endeavor to maintain
a special linearization form called the Lancaster structure and do break down M, C and K into diagonal matrices
simultaneously. However, these transformations depend on the matrices in a rather complicated way and, hence, are
difficult to construct directly. In this paper, a second part of a continuing study, a closed-loop control system that
preserves both the Lancaster structure and the isospectrality is proposed as a means to achieve the diagonal reduction.
Consequently, these transformations are acquired
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