368 research outputs found
Acanthochondria zebriae Ju-Shey, 2000, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Acanthochondria zebriae</i> sp. nov. <p>(®gures 1±2)</p> <p> <i>Material examined.</i> Twenty-four adult and three juvenile mm (19 with attached l) on gill ®laments of <i>Zebrias synaturoide s</i> (Gilchrist): four adults and three juveniles collected on 11 March 1994 and 20 adults collected on 26 December 1994. Holotype (USNM 285490) and eight paratypes (USNM 285491) have been deposited in the US National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC and the remaining paratypes and other specimens kept in the junior authors’ (IHK) collection.</p> <p> <i>Female.</i> Body (®gure 1A) elongated and cylindrical, measuring 1.69±1.94 mm long. Head (®gure 1B) longer than wide, 403Ö 273 <i>m</i> m (not including ināted antennule), with small rounded knob at each anterolateral corner and ventrally protruded oral region (®gure 1C). First pediger narrower than head. Second pediger with remaining prosomal somites fused into a long, cylindrical trunk bearing a pair of posterolateral processes (®gures 1D, E). Genital double somite slightly longer than wide, 135Ö 123 <i>m</i> m, and abdomen distinctly wider than long, 37Ö 65 <i>m</i> m. Caudal ramus (®gure 1D) a spiniform, pointed process bearing four setae. Egg sac about as long as trunk.</p> <p>Antennule (®gure 1F) ¯eshy and ināted; armature being (from proximal to distal) 1-1-2-2-2-7. Antenna (®gure 1G) two-segmented; terminal segment sharply curved and covered with minute tubercles on terminal area of basal half before bend. Labrum with smooth, straight posterior margin. Mandible (®gure 1H) twosegmented; terminal blade with 31 to 33 teeth on convex (inner) side and 28 to 32 teeth on concave (outer) side. Paragnath (®gure 1I) a small spinulose lobe. Maxillule (®gure 1J) with two terminal elements. Maxilla (®gure 1K) two-segmented; ®rst segment robust and unarmed; second segment bearing one small, simple, basal seta, one large seta with hyaline tip and a row of 22 to 29 teeth on terminal process. Maxilliped (®gure 2A) three-segmented; ®rst segment largest but unarmed, second segment with long spines on greatly protruded inner distal corner, and terminal segment reduced to a small hook situated opposite to tuft of spinules on inner-distal corner of second segment. Both leg 1 (®gure 2B) and leg 2 (®gure C) nearly unilobate, with ināted, bluntly pointed exopod continuous with protopod and carrying a much reduced endopod tipped with a seta. Terminal region of exopod with six setae on leg 1 and four setae on leg 2.</p> <p> <i>Male.</i> Body (®gure 2D) 217 <i>m</i> m long, with swollen cephalosome and cylindrical metasome and urosome. Genital somite (®gure 2E) with usual ventrolateral ridges. Abdomen (®gure 2E) indistinguishably fused with genital segment. Caudal ramus as in female but naked. Antennule reduced to a simple seta (see ®gure 2D). Antenna (®gure 2F) with small seta on basal segment and a conical process on basal part of terminal hook. Mandible (®gure 2G) with fewer teeth on terminal blade, 17 on convex side and ten on concave side. Maxilla (®gure 2H) with eight or nine teeth on inner side and single one on outside of terminal process. Maxilliped (®gure 2I) essentially as in female, but terminal claw relatively larger. Leg 1 (®gures 2D, J) reduced to a simple spiniform seta. Leg 2 absent.</p> <p> <i>Etymology.</i> The speci®c name <i>zebriae</i> refers to the host of the present species.</p> <p> <i>Remarks.</i> According to Ho and Kim’s (1995) designation of the variable appendages useful in species identi®cation in the genus <i>Acanthochondria</i>, the antennule of the new species belongs, undoubtedly, to Type G±I, but its legs do not ®t well to any of the ®ve types. Basically, the legs of <i>A. zebriae</i> are attributable to Type A, but no species of <i>Acanthochondria</i> with Type A leg has its endopods on both legs 1 and 2 reduced to a small knob as in the present species. Furthermore, no species of <i>Acanthochondria</i> has the male with leg 2 missing and leg 1 reduced to a spiniform seta. The subchelate female maxilliped is another unusual feature of the present species.</p>Published as part of <i>Ju-Shey, 2000, Chondracanthid copepods parasitic on flatfishes of Kerala, India, pp. 709-735 in Journal of Natural History 34 (5)</i> on page 711, DOI: 10.1080/002229300299372, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10083161">http://zenodo.org/record/10083161</a>
Heterochondria petila Ju-Shey, 2000, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Heterochondria petila</i> sp. nov. <p>(®gures 9±10)</p> <p> <i>Material examined.</i> One hundred and thirty-six adult mm (each with attached l) found on gill ®laments of their hosts: 124 from <i>Pseudorhombus arsius</i> (four collected on 11 March 1994, ®ve on 20 July 1994, 12 on 12 October 1994, 23 on 26 December 1994, 90 on 29 April 1995), nine from <i>P. javanicus</i> (®ve collected on 12 October 1995 and four on 25 December 1995) and three from <i>P. triocellatus</i> collected on 12 October 1994. Holotype (USNM 285486) and 30 paratypes (USNM 285486) have been deposited in the US National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC and the remaining paratypes and other specimens in the author’ s (IHK) collection.</p> <p> <i>Female.</i> Body (®gure 9A) elongated and cylindrical, measuring 2.85±3.73 mm. Head (®gure 9B) longer than wide, 610Ö 360 <i>m</i> m (not including ināted antennule), with round, lateral protrusion in front and rear; in lateral view posterior (oral) region thicker than anterior (antennal) region (®gure 9C). Neck region (®rst pediger) distinct. Trunk slightly wider in posterior region. Genital double somite (®gure 9D) wider than long, carrying egg sacs on its ventral surface (®gure 9E). Abdomen (®gures 9D, E) globose. Caudal ramus (®gures 9D, E) a spiniform, pointed process bearing three setae and a small, medial lobe. Egg sac (®gure 9A) about as long as trunk.</p> <p>Antennule (®gure 9F) ¯eshy, with greatly ināted basal portion; armature being 1-1-1-2-8. Antenna (®gure 9G) two-segmented; proximal segment small, with a round, distal protrusion; terminal segment a slender, uncinate hook bearing ®ne annuli in distal portion. Labrum (®gure 9H) with denticles on posterior margin. Mandible (®gure 10A) two-segmented; terminal blade with a row of about 80 teeth on convex (inner) side and two rows of about 40 teeth on concave (outer) side. Paragnath (®gure 10B) a small lobe with spinules on distal surface. Maxillule (®gure 10C) a spinulose lobe tipped with two small setae. Maxilla (®gure 10D) twosegmented; ®rst segment larger but unarmed, second segment bearing in basal region one small, simple seta and a large seta with hyaline tip, and a row of more than 30 teeth on terminal process. Maxilliped (®gure 7K) three-segmented; ®rst segment largest but unarmed, second segment expanded distally and bearing two groups of spines with terminal claw bending between them. Leg 1 (®gure 10F) a large, ¯eshy process bearing a small medial, basal protrusion; outer surface with a regular, long seta and inner surface with two small setae near basal protrusion and ®ve short setae on distal portion, of which the middle three are on a small knob. Leg 2 (®gure 10G) small, less then one-half of leg 1, armed with a regular long, outer seta and two small, distal setae.</p> <p> <i>Male.</i> Body (®gure 10H) 288 <i>m</i> m long, with swollen cephalosome and cylindrical metasome and urosome. Genital somite with usual ventrolateral ridges but indistinguishably fused with abdomen (®gure 10I). Caudal ramus as in female but armed with only a small, basal knob on ventral surface. Antennule absent. Antenna (®gure 10J) two-segmented; terminal segment a short, stout claw. Labrum (®gure 10K) with smooth posterior margin. Mandible (®gure 10L) with fewer teeth on terminal blade, 18 on convex side and three on concave side. Maxillule (®gure 10M) tipped with a knob and two setae. Maxilla (®gure 10N) with only three teeth on terminal process. Maxilliped (®gure 10O) generally as female except terminal teeth on second segment occurring in one patch and distal claw (third segment) with a subterminal hooklet. Leg 1 represented by two minute setae (see ®gure 10H) and leg 2 missing.</p> <p> <i>Etymology.</i> The speci®c name <i>petila</i> is Latin (= thin, slender), it refers to the reduction of leg 2 relative to leg 1.</p> <p> <i>Remarks.</i> Currently, seven species of <i>Heterochondria</i> are known, including the present new species. It is interesting to note that the ®ve species occurring in Asia are parasitic only on ¯at®shes, whereas the other two occurring elsewhere are not. <i>Heterochondria atypica</i> Ho, 1972 from California is found on wrasses (Labridae) and <i>H. crassicornis</i> (Krùyer, 1835) from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, on wrasses and damsel®shes (Pomacentridae) (Ho, 1972). Furthermore, while those ®ve species from ¯at®shes have a long head and trunk, those on other ®shes diOEer in having a square head and short trunk.</p> <p> <i>Heterochondria longicephalus</i> (YuÈ and Wu, 1932) and <i>H. longa</i> Tripathi, 1959 were not adequately treated in their original description and have not been recorded again since their discovery. Thus, no comparison can be made with them. Both of them were taken from <i>Pseudorhombus arsius</i>, <i>H. longicephalus</i> from Amoi, China, and <i>H. longa</i> from Madras, India.</p> <p> <i>Heterochondria petila</i> can be distinguished from <i>H. pillaii</i> and <i>H. similis</i> by having: (1) a median ratio (length/width) for trunk (6.98 vs. 11 in <i>pillaii</i> and 3.58 in <i>similis</i>); (2) two pairs of unequal legs with leg 2 distinctly smaller than leg 1 (see ®gure 9C); (3) more teeth on the mandible and maxilla; and (4) no antennule in the male.</p>Published as part of <i>Ju-Shey, 2000, Chondracanthid copepods parasitic on flatfishes of Kerala, India, pp. 709-735 in Journal of Natural History 34 (5)</i> on pages 723-726, DOI: 10.1080/002229300299372, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10083161">http://zenodo.org/record/10083161</a>
Habitat Preference by Himalayan Musk Deer (Moschus leucogaster) in Shey Phoksundo National Park, Nepal
No full textHimalayan Musk Deer (Moschus leucogaster) is distributed across the mid-mountainous region from the elevation of 3000 m to 4000 m. Shey Phoskundo National Park lies in western Nepal and Shey Phoksundo Rural Municipality serves as the prime habitat in this region. The main objective of this study was to find out the habitat preference of Himalayan Musk Deer and to evaluate all the suitable habitats. Transects survey were done to evaluate the preferred attributes of the species. Pellets were rarely found where the crown cover was more than 75 % but the resting sites were abundantly found there and forest of Pinus wallichiana and Betula utilis were found to be used mostly. Deforestation of temperate mixed forests and illegal poaching of musk deer for musk pods should be clamped down for the conservation of this endangered species
Temperature-dependence of noise figure of monolithic RF transformers on a thin (20 mu m) silicon substrate
No full textIn this letter, we demonstrate an analysis of the effect of temperature (from 45 C to 175 C) on the quality factor (Q-factor) & noise figure (NF) performances of monolithic RF transformers on both normal (700 m) & thin (20 m) silicon substrates. The results show a 36% reduction in minimum NF (NFmin) at 5 GHz & a 40.9% increase in maximum Q-factor (Qmax) if the silicon substrate is thinned down from 700 to 20 m, which means the silicon substrate thinning is effective in improving the Q-factor & NF performances of transformers. The present analysis is helpful for RF engineers to design less temperature-sensitive low-voltage supply transformer-feedback low-noise amplifiers & voltage-controlled-oscillators, & other radio-frequency integrated circuits which include transformers
Species of Caligus M?ller, 1785 (Copepoda: Caligidae) parasitic on marine fishes of Taiwan
No full textDeterminants of innate immune responses to mycobacteria
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.Innate cells such as macrophages, monocytes, myeloid dendritic cells and granulocytes recognise mycobacteria and initiate immune responses such as phagocytosis, cytokine production and expression of maturation markers. The type and magnitude of innate responses to mycobacteria may determine the subsequent adaptive responses generated. Our aims were to determine maturational changes in innate immune responses to mycobacteria over the first 9 months of life, and to assess effects of genetic variations in toll-like receptors on host responses to mycobacteria. This knowledge is important for designing rational strategies for vaccination against tuberculosis
High-performance fully integrated 4 GHz CMOS LC VCO in standard 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology
No full textBactrochondria hoi
No full text<i>Bactrochondri a</i> <i>hoi</i> (Pillai, 1985) <p>(®gures 5±6)</p> <p> <i>Material examined.</i> Nine adult mm (seven with attached l) found on gill ®laments of <i>Cynoglossus lida</i> (Bleeker): one collected on 11 March 1994 and eight on 20 July 1994.</p> <p> <i>Female.</i> Body (®gure 5A) elongated and cylindrical, measuring 2.26±3.02 mm long. Head (®gure 5B) longer than wide, 495Ö 385 <i>m</i> m (not including ināted antennule), with small rounded knob at each anterolateral corner and distinctly swollen oral region (®gure 5C). First pediger forming neck region (®gure 5C). Second pediger fused with remaining prosomal somites into a long, cylindrical trunk. Genital double somite (®gure 5D) distinctly wider than long, with abdomen attaching to it like a narrow ring. Caudal ramus (®gure 5E) a spiniform pointed process bearing three setae and a tubercle. Egg sac not seen.</p> <p> Antennule (®gure 5F) ¯eshy, with ināted base tipped with a short, setae-bearing process; armature being (from proximal to distal) 1-1-1-2-2-8. Antenna (®gure 5G) two-segmented; terminal segment sharply curved (broken in dissected specimens), with annular sculptures in bent area. Labrum (®gure 5H) with posterolateral knob and smooth posterior margin. Terminal blade of mandible (®gure 5I) bearing 22 to 24 teeth on convex (inner) side and 13 to 16 teeth on concave (outer) side. Maxillule (®gure 5J) with two terminal elements and a subterminal process tipped with three tubercles. Maxilla (®gure 5K) two-segmented; ®rst segment robust and unarmed; second segment bearing one small, simple seta, one large seta with hyaline tip and a row of 14 to 18 teeth on terminal process. Maxilliped (®gure 5L) three-segmented; constructed roughly as in <i>B. papilla</i> with subchelate appearance. Leg 1 (®gure 6A) and leg 2 (®gure 6B) as in <i>B. papilla</i>.</p> <p> <i>Male.</i> Body (®gure 6C) 151 <i>m</i> m long, with swollen cephalosome and cylindrical metasome and urosome. Genital somite (®gure 6D) with usual ventrolateral ridges. Abdomen (®gure 6D) indistinguishably fused with genital somite. Caudal ramus (®gure 6D) a naked spiniform process. Antennule (®gure 6E) short and stubby, armature being 1-1-1-2-1-7. Antenna (®gure 7F) two-segmented and without armature. Mandible (®gure 6G) with fewer teeth on terminal blade, 11 on convex side and ten on concave side. Maxillule (®gure 6H) tipped with three elements. Maxilla (®gure 6I) with 12 to 14 teeth on terminal process. Maxilliped (®gure 6J) two-segmented, lacking terminal claw. Legs 1 and 2 missing.</p> <p> <i>Remarks.</i> In addition to the three diOEerences enumerated in the <i>Remarks</i> to <i>B. papilla</i>, the two species can be distinguished further by having in the present species more teeth (16±18 vs. eight or nine) on the terminal process of the female maxilla and in lacking legs entirely in the male.</p>Published as part of <i>Ju-Shey, 2000, Chondracanthid copepods parasitic on flatfishes of Kerala, India, pp. 709-735 in Journal of Natural History 34 (5)</i> on pages 717-720, DOI: 10.1080/002229300299372, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10083161">http://zenodo.org/record/10083161</a>
Photographies
No full textAu cœur du parc national Shey Phoksundo, une bergère accompagnant son troupeau de yacks domine un champ d’orge et les maisons d’estives des hauts pâturages situés à 4 200 m d’altitude (Dolpo, Népal). © Yildiz Aumeeruddy-Thomas Les bergers de yacks en route pour le commerce transhimalayen s’arrêtent aux alentours des villages pour se réapprovisioner. Un édifice religieux (chorten) constitue un des nombreux marqueurs de l’espace culturel au sein du parc national Shey Phoksundo. © Yildiz Aumee..
High-quality-factor (33) and high-resonant-frequency (35 GHz) spiral inductors fabricated in 0.25-M mixed-signal/RF-CMOS technology
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