81 research outputs found
Genital warts and infection with human immunodeficiency virus in high-risk women in Burkina Faso: a longitudinal study.
No full textBACKGROUND: Human papillomaviruses are the most common sexually transmitted infections, and genital warts, caused by HPV-6 and 11, entail considerable morbidity and cost. The natural history of genital warts in relation to HIV-1 infection has not been described in African women. We examined risk factors for genital warts in a cohort of high-risk women in Burkina Faso, in order to further describe their epidemiology. METHODS: A prospective study of 765 high-risk women who were followed at 4-monthly intervals for 27 months in Burkina Faso. Logistic and Cox regression were used to identify factors associated with prevalent, incident and persistent genital warts, including HIV-1 serostatus, CD4+ count, and concurrent sexually transmitted infections. In a subset of 306 women, cervical HPV DNA was tested at enrollment. RESULTS: Genital wart prevalence at baseline was 1.6% (8/492) among HIV-uninfected and 7.0% (19/273) among HIV-1 seropositive women. Forty women (5.2%) experienced at least one incident GW episode. Incidence was 1.1 per 100 person-years among HIV-uninfected women, 7.4 per 100 person-years among HIV-1 seropositive women with a nadir CD4+ count >200 cells/μL and 14.6 per 100 person-years among HIV-1 seropositive women with a nadir CD4+ count ≤ 200 cells/μL. Incident genital warts were also associated with concurrent bacterial vaginosis, and genital ulceration. Antiretroviral therapy was not protective against incident or persistent genital warts. Detection of HPV-6 DNA and abnormal cervical cytology were strongly associated with incident genital warts. CONCLUSIONS: Genital warts occur much more frequently among HIV-1 infected women in Africa, particularly among those with low CD4+ counts. Antiretroviral therapy did not reduce the incidence or persistence of genital warts in this population
Perte et gain, histoire d'un converti, par le R. P. Newman,... traduit de l'anglais sur la 3e édition par M. l'abbé Segondy,... avec des notes du traducteur et une conférence de M. le chanoine Oakeley... 2e édition, revue, corrigée et augmentée
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The effects of early syphilis on CD4 counts and HIV-1 RNA viral loads in blood and semen
No full textObjective: To examine the effect of early syphilis on blood and semen plasma HIV-1 viral loads and CD4 counts.Methods: In a retrospective case-control study, blood plasma HIV-1 viral loads and CD4 counts in cases during early syphilis ( n = 63, 27 receiving antiretroviral therapy) were compared to those before and after syphilis and with controls with non-systemic acute sexually transmitted infections (STI) ( n = 104, 39 receiving antiretroviral therapy). In a prospective substudy in those not receiving antiretroviral therapy, semen plasma viral loads during early syphilis ( n = 13) were compared with those 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment for syphilis and with controls with no STIs ( n = 20).Results: Retrospective study: CD4 counts were similar in cases ( median 410, n = 139 counts) during early syphilis compared to before ( 485, n = 80) and after ( 475, n = 88). In a secondary analysis, a drop in CD4 count (21%) among those with early latent syphilis was observed compared with controls. Blood plasma viral loads did not change significantly overall or in those with primary, secondary, or early latent syphilis. Effects were similar on or off antiretroviral therapy. Prospective study: blood and semen viral loads were slightly higher in cases compared with controls but treatment of early syphilis did not reduce either.Conclusions: We detected no association between early syphilis and changes in blood or semen viral load or CD4 count. Increased HIV-1 infectivity associated with early syphilis is unlikely to be associated with increased levels of HIV-1 RNA in blood or semen
Laboratory surveillance of arboviral infections in a southern France region colonized by Aedes albopictus
No full textInternational audienceThe establishment of Aedes albopictus in southern France, a recognized competent vector for several arboviruses, represents a new threat for the local transmission and spread of what were until recently considered as tropical diseases. A preparedness and response plan, based on vigilance of both clinicians and laboratories, has introduced significant changes in guidelines and behaviour regarding patients' care specifically during the activity period of mosquitoes. In the present study, we report the results of a 1-year activity in arboviral infection diagnosis. A total of 141 patients were included in this retrospective study. The number of suspected imported and autochthonous cases was 69 and 72, respectively. A diagnosis of arboviral infection was confirmed for 15 (21·7%) suspected imported cases, with identification of 13 dengue viruses, one chikungunya virus and one Zika virus. No autochthonous cases were detected. This report illustrates the increase in requests for arboviral infection diagnosis and confirms the challenge with identifying autochthonous arboviral infection cases in many unspecific febrile syndromes
Multicenter evaluation of the NucliSens EasyQ HIV-1 v1.1 assay
No full textThe Nuclisens EasyQ HIV-1 v1.1 assay (Biomerieux) is a real-time detection method combined with NASBA technology designed to measure plasma HIV-RNA. Its performance was assessed in 1008 clinical specimens collected from individuals infected with clade B (774) and non-B (234) HIV-1 variants at four European laboratories. The results were compared with those obtained using three other commercial viral load assays: Cobas Amplicor Monitor HIV-1 v1.5 (Roche), Versant HIV-1 RNA assay (Bayer) and Nuclisens HIV-1 QT (Biomerieux). Overall, the linearity, specificity and reproducibility of the EasyQ assay was comparable with that from the other tests. The correlation coefficient (R) between methodologies was 0.85 for Amplicor; 0.87 for Versant; and 0.91 for Nuclisens. The specificity of the assay was 99.4%. Of note, Versant missed 17 % of specimens with non-B subtypes which could be detected by EasyQ, while Amplicor provided similar results than EasyQ. HIV-1 group O specimens were only detected by the EasyQ assay. In conclusion, the performance of the EasyQ assay seems to be similar to that of other HIV-1 viral load tests currently on the market, but it is more sensitive than Versant for HIV-1 non-B subtypes and shows a wider dynamic range than Amplicor. Moreover, as it incorporates the advantage of real-time detection procedures, it facilitates high throughput and short turnaround time. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Papillomatose laryngée sévère évoluant vers un carcinome bronchopulmonaire associé à HPV 11 chez une enfant de 15 ans : à propos d’un cas
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