1,334 research outputs found
Peter Macinnis conducting a teachers' workshop at the National Library of Australia, Canberra, 22 October 2009 [picture] /
No full textTitle from acquisitions documentation.; Part of the collection: Teachers' workshop for the book Australian backyard explorer by author Peter Macinnis at the National Library of Australia, Canberra, 22 October 2009.; Acquired in digital format; access copy available online.; Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web.; Photographed by a staff member of the National Library of Australia
Peter Macinnis addressing teachers at a workshop at the National Library of Australia, Canberra, 22 October 2009 [picture] /
No full textTitle from acquisitions documentation.; Part of the collection: Teachers' workshop for the book Australian backyard explorer by author Peter Macinnis at the National Library of Australia, Canberra, 22 October 2009.; Acquired in digital format; access copy available online.; Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web.; Photographed by a staff member of the National Library of Australia
Heavy-, Severe-, and Extreme-, but Not Moderate-Intensity Exercise Increase V̇o 2max and Thresholds after 6 wk of Training
No full textINGLIS, E. C., D. IANNETTA, L. RASICA, M. Z. MACKIE, D. A. KEIR, M. J. MACINNIS, and J. M. MURIAS. Heavy-, Severe-, and Extreme-, but Not Moderate-Intensity Exercise Increase Vo ‧2max and Thresholds after 6 wk of Training. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 56, No. 7, pp. 1307- 1316, 2024. Introduction: This study assessed the effect of individualized, domain-based exercise intensity prescription on changes in maximal oxygen uptake (VO ‧2max) and submaximal thresholds. Methods: Eighty-four young healthy participants (42 females, 42 males) were randomly assigned to six age, sex, and VO ‧2max-matched groups (14 participants each). Groups performed continuous cycling in the 1) moderate (MOD), 2) lower heavy (HVY1), and 3) upper heavy-intensity (HVY2) domain; interval cycling in the form of 4) high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in the severe-intensity domain, or 5) sprint-interval training (SIT) in the extreme-intensity domain; or no exercise for 6) control (CON). All training groups, except SIT, were work-matched. Training participants completed three sessions per week for 6 wk with physiological evaluations performed at PRE, MID, and POST intervention. Results: Compared with the change in VO ‧2max (ΔVO ‧2max) in CON (0.1 ± 1.2 mL·kg−1·min−1), all training groups, except MOD (1.8 ± 2.7 mL·kg−1·min−1), demonstrated a significant increase (P 0.05). HIIT produced the highest ΔPO at maximal metabolic steady state, which was greater than CON, MOD, and SIT (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that i) exercise intensity is a key component determining changes in VO ‧2max and submaximal thresholds and ii) exercise intensity domain-based prescription allows for a homogenous metabolic stimulus across individuals
Exercising muscle mass influences neuromuscular, cardiorespiratory, and perceptual responses during and following ramp-incremental cycling to task failure
No full textNeuromuscular (NM), cardiorespiratory, and perceptual responses to maximal-graded exercise using different amounts of active muscle mass remain unclear. We hypothesized that during dynamic exercise, peripheral NM fatigue (declined twitch force) and muscle pain would be greater using smaller muscle mass, whereas central fatigue (declined voluntary activation) and ventilatory variables would be greater using larger muscle mass. Twelve males (29.8 ± 4.7 years) performed two ramp-incremental cycling tests until task failure: 1) single-leg (SL) with 10 W·min−1 ramp and 2) double-leg (DL) with 20 W·min−1 ramp. NM fatigue was assessed at baseline, task failure (post), and after 1, 4, and 8 min of recovery. Cardiorespiratory and perceptual variables [i.e., ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), pain, and dyspnea] were measured throughout cycling. Exercise duration was similar between sessions (SL: 857.7 ± 263.6 s; DL: 855.0 ± 218.8 s; P = 0.923), and higher absolute peak power output was attained in DL (SL: 163.2 ± 43.8 W; DL: 307.0 ± 72.0 W; P < 0.001). Although central fatigue did not differ between conditions (SL: −6.6 ± 6.5%; DL: −3.5 ± 4.8%; P = 0.091), maximal voluntary contraction (SL: −41.6 ± 10.9%; DL: −33.7 ± 8.5%; P = 0.032) and single twitch forces (SL: −59.4 ± 18.8%; DL: −46.2 ± 16.2%; P = 0.003) declined more following SL. DL elicited higher peak oxygen uptake (SL: 42.1 ± 10.0 mL·kg−1·min−1; DL: 50.3 ± 9.3 mL·kg−1·min−1; P < 0.001), ventilation (SL: 137.1 ± 38.1 L·min−1; DL: 171.5 ± 33.2 L·min−1; P < 0.001), and heart rate (SL: 167 ± 21 bpm; DL: 187 ± 8 bpm; P = 0.005). Dyspnea (P = 0.025) was higher in DL; however, RPE (P = 0.005) and pain (P < 0.001) were higher in SL. These results suggest that interplay between NM, cardiorespiratory, and perceptual determinants of exercise performance during ramp-incremental cycling to task failure is muscle mass dependent
Prior exercise impairs subsequent performance in an intensity- and duration-dependant manner
No full textPrior constant-load exercise performed for 30-min at or above maximal lactate steady state (MLSSp) significantly impairs subsequent time-to-task failure (TTF) compared with TTF performed without prior exercise. We tested the hypothesis that TTF would decrease in relation to the intensity and the duration of prior exercise compared with a baseline TTF trial. Eleven individuals (6 males, 5 females, aged 28 ± 8 yrs) completed the following tests on a cycle ergometer (randomly assigned after MLSSp was determined): (i) a ramp-incremental test; (ii) a baseline TTF trial performed at 80% of peak power (TTFb); (iii) five 30-min constant-PO rides at 5% below lactate threshold (LT−5%), halfway between LT and MLSSp (Delta50), 5% below MLSSp (MLSS−5%), MLSSp, and 5% above MLSSp (MLSS+5%); and (iv) 15- and 45-min rides at MLSSp (MLSS15 and MLSS45, respectively). Each condition was immediately followed by a TTF trial at 80% of peak power. Compared with TTFb (330 ± 52 s), there was 8.0 ± 24.1, 23.6 ± 20.2, 41.0 ± 14.8, 52.2 ± 18.9, and 75.4 ± 7.4% reduction in TTF following LT−5%, Delta50, MLSS−5%, MLSSp, and MLSS+5%, respectively. Following MLSS15 and MLSS45 there were 29.0 ± 20.1 and 69.4 ± 19.6% reductions in TTF, respectively (P < 0.05). It is concluded that TTF is reduced following prior exercise of varying duration at MLSSp and at submaximal intensities below MLSS
Erratum to: Thromboelastometry and platelet function during acclimatisation to high altitude
No full textCorrection to:
Thromboelastometry and Platelet Function during Acclimatization to High Altitude
Thromb Haemost 2018; 118(01): 063-071
DOI: 10.1160/TH17-02-0138
In the Original Article by Rocke et al. “Thromboelastometry and platelet function during acclimatization to high altitude” (Thromb Haemost 2018; 118: 063-071) after publication of the article it has come to the corresponding author's attention that an author was inadvertently omitted from the manuscript. The author, Martin MacInnis, made a significant contribution to: 1. initiating the coagulation research that led to the manuscript, 2. designing the research protocol and performing the initial data analysis, 3. recruiting volunteers, writing applications for ethical approval and making other logistical arrangements that were necessary to complete the study. Martin MacInnis has read and approved the published version of the manuscript. Furthermore, a middle initial was added to the updated list (Shona E. Main) and misspelling of Elizabeth Horn's surname was corrected. The amended author list is as above
Latent heat fluxes during two contrasting years from a juvenile plantation established over a waste disposal landscape
No full textIsa A.M. Yunusa, Sigfredo Fuentes, Anthony R. Palmer, Catriona M.O. Macinnis-Ng, Melanie J.B. Zeppel, Derek Eamu
The 2018 lake louise acute mountain sickness score
No full textRoach, Robert C., Peter H. Hackett, Oswald Oelz, Peter Bärtsch, Andrew M. Luks, Martin J. MacInnis, J. Kenneth Baillie, and The Lake Louise AMS Score Consensus Committee. The 2018 Lake Louise Acute Mountain Sickness Score. High Alt Med Biol. 19:4-6, 2018.- The Lake LouiseAcuteMountain Sickness (AMS) scoring system has been a useful research tool since first published in 1991. Recent studies have shown that disturbed sleep at altitude, one of the five symptoms scored for AMS, is more likely due to altitude hypoxia per se, and is not closely related to AMS. To address this issue, and also to evaluate the Lake Louise AMS score in light of decades of experience, experts in high altitude research undertook to revise the score. We here present an international consensus statement resulting from online discussions and meetings at the International Society of Mountain Medicine World Congress in Bolzano, Italy, in May 2014 and at the International Hypoxia Symposium in Lake Louise, Canada, in February 2015. The consensus group has revised the score to eliminate disturbed sleep as a questionnaire item, and has updated instructions for use of the score.No Full Tex
PESTICIDES AND CHILD HEALTH: EVIDENCE FROM HISPANIC CHILDREN IN THE U.S.
No full textThis paper examines whether there is an externality of parental occupational exposure to pesticides on children's health, and whether some children are more severely affected by the externality than others. Using the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination survey, we find children of exposed parents are more likely to develop chronic conditions and less likely to attain good health than children of unexposed parents, after controlling for a large set of child and family characteristics. Furthermore, children from low socioeconomic status are most vulnerable to health shocks resulting from pesticides and other related environmental toxins. Our analysis suggests that terminating the pathway of parental occupational exposure would be cost effective to correct the externality. Taken together with earlier findings that poor childhood health is associated with lower adult earnings, our results suggest more attention to be paid to the health shocks from environmental toxins for the poor as a potential mechanism through which the increasing poverty across generations at the very poor takes place: poverty makes individuals more susceptible to health shocks at childhood, which is associated with worse poverty for their children.Health Economics and Policy,
Optimizing kiwifruit quality through estimation of leaf stomatal conductance from sap flux density: the KIWIQUALI project
No full textMost fruit crop irrigation is performed on an empirical basis, with very little awareness of the consequences on yield and on water use efficiency. A model is available for predicting leaf stomatal conductance from sap flux measurements in olive, which is a fruit crop that requires less water than kiwifruit vines. The main objective of the KIWIQUALI project is to estimate leaf stomatal conductance (gs) through models from sap flux density (Js) measurements in Actinidia chinensis, allowing assessment of the plant’s water status continuously and to improve irrigation management, while optimizing fruit quality. This goal will be reached through the following specific objectives: i) to adjust models for estimation of kiwifruit trees gs from continuous Js and atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (D) measurements; ii) to understand which irrigation level optimizes fruit quality and productivity; iii) to develop precision irrigation protocols based on gs estimation. To obtain measurements from plants with different levels of water status, kiwi vines in the Emilia Romagna region (Italy) were submitted to four irrigation treatments, being one well-watered (100% of crop evapotranspiration ETC) and three deficit irrigation treatments (ca. 68, 57 and 40% of ETC). The KIWIQUALI project will lead to innovative results as it will i) provide a model to continuously estimate gs on an isohydric, drought sensitive crop (kiwifruit), improving the knowledge on the hydraulic limitations and physiological responses of one of the most water requiring fruit crops; ii) improve understanding on how plant water status and physiological performance affects fruit yield and quality, and; iii) provide a tool to optimize irrigation scheduling of Actinidia chinensis. The first season of measurements will happen during the European summer (from June to ca. October), therefore, this contribution will present the KIWIQUALI project and its preliminary results
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