250 research outputs found
Inheritance of mineralocorticoid effector abnormalities of human mononuclear leucocytes in families with pseudohypoaldosteronism.
No full textIn-vitro effects of aldosterone on intracellular sodium and potassium concentrations have been described for normal human mononuclear leucocytes (HML). After incubation for 1 h at 37 degrees C, intracellular sodium and potassium in HML are significantly higher in the presence of 1.4 nM aldosterone than after incubation without aldosterone. As published earlier, these effects were absent in patients with pseudohypoaldosteronism. In the present paper, the families of seven patients with pseudohypoaldosteronism (index cases) were studied. In the first family, two siblings were affected by the disease and had a reduced number of mineralocorticoid (MC) receptors on HML. Intracellular sodium and potassium in HML from these patients did not show a response to 1.4 nM aldosterone. The parents, who were first cousins, had no history of disease and normal receptor data, but in the mother, the response of HML electrolytes to aldosterone was abnormal. In the second family, the mother of a child with pseudohypoaldosteronism, the mother's sister, and her son, had low numbers of MC receptors. Only the aunt of the index case had an uncertain history of the disease. The MC effector mechanism was abnormal in both children and both mothers studied. In a third family, the effector defect was present only in HML of the father. In three further families the abnormality of the effector mechanism was detected in HML of the patient's mother. These data suggest an autosomal dominant inheritance of pseudohypoaldosteronism with variable expression of the gene
Lieder, op. 96. English & German
No full text1. Der Tod, das ist die kühle Nacht.-- 2. Wir wandelten.-- 3. Es schausen die Blumen.-- 4. Meerfahrt.
Words in German and English. [German text by Heinrich Heine (#1, 3, 4) and Georg Friedrich Daumer (#2).] First edition. Design by M. Klinger
On the Flux-Across-Surfaces Theorem
No full textThe quantum probability flux of a particle integrated over time and a distant surface gives the probability for the particle crossing that surface at some time. We prove the free flux-across-surfaces theorem, which was conjectured by Combes, Newton and Shtokhamer [1], and which relates the integrated quantum flux to the usual quantum mechanical formula for the cross section. The integrated quantum flux is equal to the probability of outward crossings of surfaces by Bohmian trajectories in the scattering regime
A Survey of Bohmian Mechanics
No full textBohmian mechanics is the most naively obvious embedding imaginable of Schrödinger's equation into a completely coherent physical theory. It describes a world in which particles move in a highly non-Newtonian sort of way, one which may at first appear to have little to do with the spectrum of predictions of quantum mechanics. It turns out, however, that as a consequence of the defining dynamical equations of Bohmian mechanics, when a system has wave function / its configuration is typically random, with probability density ae given by j/j 2 , the quantum equilibrium distribution. It also turns out that the entire quantum formalism, operators as observables and all the rest, is a consequence of Bohmian mechanics
Reducing the Probability of False Positive Research Findings by Pre-Publication Validation - Experience with a Large Multiple Sclerosis Database
No full text*Objective*
We have assessed the utility of a pre-publication validation policy in reducing the probability of publishing false positive research findings. 
*Study design and setting*
The large database of the Sylvia Lawry Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research was split in two parts: one for hypothesis generation and a validation part for confirmation of selected results. We present case studies from 5 finalized projects that have used the validation policy and results from a simulation study.
*Results*
In one project, the "relapse and disability" project as described in section II (example 3), findings could not be confirmed in the validation part of the database. The simulation study showed that the percentage of false positive findings can exceed 20% depending on variable selection. 
*Conclusion*
We conclude that the validation policy has prevented the publication of at least one research finding that could not be validated in an independent data set (and probably would have been a "true" false-positive finding) over the past three years, and has led to improved data analysis, statistical programming, and selection of hypotheses. The advantages outweigh the lost statistical power inherent in the process
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