113 research outputs found
The effect of gibberellic acid on mycelial growth on toxin formation in ceratocystis ulmi isolates, 1967
No full textThis study was undertaken to determine the effect 5 con�centrations of gibberellic acid (10, 50, 100, 400 and 1000 ppm) would have on radial mycelial growth, mycelial yield, and toxin formation of six isolates of �. ulmi. To determine the effect of GA on the radial growth of the mycelia, the isolates were grown on a synthetic nutrient agar medium containing the GA concentrations. For some iso�lates it was found that low GA concentrations slightly stimulated growth, while higher concentrations generally in�hibited growth. At 1000 ppm, mycelial growth of all isolates was strongly inhibited. Mycelial yield was determined by culturing isolates in liquid shake culture, containing the different GA concentrations. Mycelia were separated from the culture medium by filtration. Mycelial yield was found to generally decrease as GA concentrations increased. Filtrates from liquid cultures were used for toxin titre assays. On the basis of the extent of wilting induced in tomato cuttings, treated with filtrates from the GA-defi- cient medium, isolates were classified as moderately patho�genic and highly pathogenic. When tomato cuttings were treated with filtrates from isolates grown in GA-supplemented media higher wilting percentages were found at lower GA concentrations and generally lower wilting percentages were found at higher GA concentrations. The greatest reduction in wilting occurred in isolates that were moderately patho�genic
Invitro activation of complement by bacillus-subtilis protease correlation with the response of guinea-pigs to aerosols of the enzyme
No full textPT: J; CR: BERLIN L, 1970, LANCET, V2, P1153 BERRENS L, 1971, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V9, P383 BOKISCH VA, 1969, J EXP MED, V129, P1109 BURRELL R, 1977, INT ARCH ALLER A IMM, V55, P161 DEBANNE MT, 1974, J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN, V53, P205 EDWARDS JH, 1976, CLIN ALLERGY, V6, P155 GELL PGH, 1968, CLIN ASPECTS IMMUNOL, P575 HENNINGSEN SJ, 1969, P SOC EXP BIOL MED, V132, P459 JENSEN J, 1967, SCIENCE, V155, P1122 KABAT EA, 1961, EXPT IMMUNOCHEMISTRY, P133 KINUERA P, 1975, CLIN ALLERGY, V5, P331 MALLEY A, 1972, J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN, V49, P36 MARKHAM RJF, 1976, INT ARCH ALLER A IMM, V51, P529 MARKHAM RJF, 1977, THESIS U GUELPH MARX J, 1978, J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN, V61, P208 MARX JJ, 1976, J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN, V57, P328 NICOLET J, 1975, INFECT IMMUNOL, V12, P7 SCHATZ M, 1977, J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN, V60, P27; NR: 18; TC: 6; J9: IMMUNOL LETT; PG: 5; GA: JG869Source type: Electronic(1
Victorian values and the Victorian theatre
No full textI contend that 'morality, respectability, and decorum', were Victorian values trumpeted particularly loudly in Birmingham because of the local dominance of Nonconformism. Nonconformists had materially delayed the granting of a licence to Birmingham's playhouse, and continued actively hostile to its existence. Their influence on the prevailing 'official' moral climate is apparent in the reluctance of the local magistracy to grant music hall licence applications. Theatre managers here, then, laboured under an added imperative to maintain tranquil, well-conducted houses, presenting wholesome fare, and with strong community links.
II
My contention is that the theatre embraced and, occasionally, stimulated technological innovation. I also argue that Birmingham industrialists played a crucial role in materially changing both the functioning and the appearance of playhouses and music halls.
That the revolution in mobility was the overriding factor in the contemporary mushrooming of playhouses and music halls is, I suggest, too apparent to be gainsaid. I focus closely on the transformation of Birmingham's transport links, both externally and within the town, and the readiness of local promoters and managers of theatres to exploit the new opportunities to attract audiences.
III
I suggest that if cultural imperialism operated more subtly than the political brand, imperialism it remained. The relationship with the fledgling United States displayed the classic characteristics of paternalism and condescension, not unmixed with arrogance, on . the part of the metropolitan power, and a general deference, giving way to fits of resentment, pique, and sometimes open rebellion, on the part of the erstwhile colonials. Minstrelsy and the cult of the 'Wild West' represent the beginnings of a reversal of the hitherto one-way cultural traffic, mirroring changes in the transatlantic political balance. I argue that the advent of steam navigation was a key factor in the expanding and vibrant Anglo-American exchange, with Birmingham playing a full role in that exchange
Recommended from our members
Amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin-film transistors fabricated by microcontact printing
No full textThe authors present a facile, low-cost methodology to fabricate high-performance In-Ga-Zn-O (IGZO) bottom contact, bottom gate thin-film transistors (TFTs) by soft lithography. The IGZO channel and indium tin oxide (ITO) source and drain were patterned using microcontact printing of an octadecylphosphonic acid self-assembled monolayer (SAM). A polymer stamp was used for the pattern transfer of the SAMs, which were then used as a chemical protection layer during wet etching. Excellent pattern transfer was obtained with good resolution and sharp step profiles. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the microcontact printed SAMs can be effectively removed from the ITO source/drain surfaces, allowing a high-quality interface to the IGZO channel for good device performance. Scanning electron microscopy cross-sections of the devices indicate a smooth and defect-free transition regions between the source/drain and semiconductor regions. The fabricated TFTs have negligible gate-leakage currents, high average electron mobilities of 10.2 cm²/Vs, and excellent on-off ratios of 2.1 x 10⁸. These results may provide new methodologies for low-cost and large-area integration of IGZO-TFTs for a range of applications including flexible and transparent displays.Copyright 2015 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B and may be found at: http://scitation.aip.org/content/avs/journal/jvst
National Pilgrimage for the Abolition of the Death Penalty March, 1990
No full textDemonstrators in the National Pilgrimage for the Abolition of the Death Penalty March take a group photo in Americus, Georgia. Written on verso: Abolition of the death penalty - core group marchers - arrive in Americus, GA. SCLC veterans: Rev. Fred D. Taylor (2nd right); Clayton McIntosh (1st right); Fredick [sic - Frederick] Moore and Jack Hill and Charlie Wiggins (center); Keith Silver (2nd left).The Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library acknowledges the generous support of the Joseph & Evelyn Lowery Institute for Justice and Human Rights, the Joseph Echols Lowery Irrevocable Trust, and other donors in supporting the processing and digitization of Morehouse College's Joseph Echols and Evelyn Gibson Lowery Collection
Experimental infection and horizontal transmission of Piscirickettsia salmonis in freshwater-raised Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.
No full textExperimental infections with Piscirickettsia salmonis via intraperitoneal (IF), oral (PO) and gill (GS) routes were compared, and the importance of physical contact in the horizontal transmission of this organism was investigated. Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., under-yearling parr raised in fresh water were used in this study. Samples of liver, kidney, spleen, gill and brain were collected weekly for 5 weeks after challenge, and were examined using the indirect fluorescent-antibody technique (IFAT). The pathogen was transmitted horizontally to fish with and without physical contact. However, transmission of P. salmonis occurred significantly more rapidly among fish with physical contact. Mortalities occurred in 50% of fish experimentally challenged with P. salmonis and their cohabitants. The estimates of the relative risk of dying demonstrated that fish challenged by the IP and GS routes had a significantly higher probability of dying than fish challenged by the PO route (P < 0.005). Contact cohabitants with infected fish had a higher probability of death than non-contact cohabitants (P < 0.005). The sequential studying using IFAT indicated that a haematogenous pattern of infection occurred among fish infected by oral and gill routes, or by cohabitation. This was different from the capsular (serosal) infection pattern observed in intraperitoneally inoculated fish. Piscirickettsia salmonis was observed within the cytoplasm of leucocytes and renal tubules, the latter indicating that elimination of this pathogen through the urine may be possible. Aeromonas salmonicida was also detected (by IFAT) in some of the fish exposed to P. salmonis, suggesting that P. salmonis may cause immunosuppression, and thus, increase the susceptibility of the host to other pathogens.PT: J; CR: *FAO, 1994, ANN STAT DAT *SAS I, 1988, SAS STAT GUID PERS C AHNE W, 1978, J FISH DIS, V1, P265 BAKKE TA, 1992, DIS AQUAT ORGAN, V13, P63 BRANSON EJ, 1991, J FISH DIS, V14, P147 BRAVO S, 1989, FHS AFS NEWSLETTER, V17, P3 BROCKLEBANK JR, 1993, CAN VET J, V34, P745 BRUNO DW, 1986, J FISH DIS, V9, P523 CHILMONCZYK S, 1980, FISH DIS 3 COOPERATI, P188 CVITANICH JD, 1991, J FISH DIS, V14, P121 EFFENDI I, 1995, B EUROPEAN ASS FISH, V15, P115 EVANS DH, 1993, PHYSL FISHES, P315 FRYER JL, 1990, FISH PATHOL, V25, P107 FRYER JL, 1992, INT J SYST BACTERIOL, V42, P120 GAGGERO A, 1995, J FISH DIS, V18, P277 GARCES LH, 1991, DIS AQUAT ORGAN, V11, P93 GRACES LH, 1994, P INT S AQ AN HLTH S HSIUNG GD, 1994, HSIUNGS DIAGNOSTIC V, P46 KANNO T, 1989, J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH, V1, P2 LANNAN CN, 1991, J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH, V3, P229 LANNAN CN, 1994, J FISH DIS, V17, P545 LEE ET, 1980, STATISTICAL METHODS MENDEZ R, 1995, AQUANOTICIAS INT, V24, P6 MURRAY CB, 1992, DIS AQUAT ORGAN, V12, P91 OLFRET ED, 1993, GUIDE CARE USE EXPT OLSEN AB, 1993, NORSK FISKEOPPDRETT, V12, P40 RODGER HD, 1993, J FISH DIS, V16, P361 TRUST TJ, 1986, ANNU REV MICROBIOL, V40, P479 WOLDEHIWET Z, 1993, RICKETTSIAL CHLAMYDI, P1; NR: 29; TC: 17; J9: J FISH DISEASES; PG: 10; GA: YK288Source type: Electronic(1
CENTRAL BANKING, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND CREDIT CREATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
No full textThis paper examines how developing countries can embark on a sustained path of strong investment, capital accumulation and economic growth without capital imports. It is argued that the key lies in the Keynesian-Schumpeterian credit-investment nexus: Given certain preconditions, the central bank can allow a credit expansion which finances new investment and creates the savings necessary to balance the national accounts. It is further argued and confirmed in empirical data that one of the biggest impediments to such a process is formal or informal dollarization which limits the policy scope of the central bank. Moreover, a stable banking system with a broad outreach as well as a low degree of pass-through between the exchange rate and domestic prices seem to be a necessary condition for this process to work
Artful living and the eradication of worry in Søren Kierkegaard's interpretation of Matthew 6:24-34
No full textDanish thinker Søren Kierkegaard published fourteen discourses, across four collections, on Matthew 6:24-34. The repeated readings of the biblical text, whose themes include the choice between God and mammon, worry, what it means to consider the birds and lilies, and how to seek first the kingdom of God, converge with Kierkegaard’s interest in anxiety, despair, worry, subjectivity, indirect communication, choice, the moment, and life before God. Accordingly, the discourses make connections with his larger works, elucidate frequently explored Kierkegaardian themes in recent scholarship, and contribute to his critique of nineteenth-century Copenhagen. Additionally, the collections present an interpretation of each verse and phrase of Matthew’s text and, held up against modern Matthew scholarship, they correlate with and contribute to Sermon on the Mount and New Testament studies. Kierkegaard’s reading of Matthew also holds implications for the practice of biblical interpretation as it promotes the importance of awareness of sin, interestedness, and appropriation as central to proper reading. His emphasis on Christ as the primary exemplar of Matthew’s text adds an additional Christological element to his hermeneutic. Furthermore, the discourses serve as spiritual treatises which provide the reader with theological terminology to help confront the problem of worry and suffering. In light of a human being’s distinctiveness as imago Dei, Kierkegaard elucidates ways an individual may respond artfully to the ongoing possibility of worry, a possibility which the discourses connect with Christian anthropology and external labels associated with possessions and status. The Matthew 6 discourses intimate Kierkegaard’s sympathy with classic Christian spirituality and, in combination with the cultural-ecclesiastical critique, the creative exegesis, and the in-depth analysis of the cause of and cure for worry, his work emerges as an excellent example of spiritual theology
An exploration of the outsider's role in selected works by Joseph Conrad, Malcolm Lowry, V.S. Naipaul.
No full textPhDThis thesis explores ways in which the outsider questions rather than confirms
dominant cultural values whilst avoiding the crudity of overt politicisation. I argue
that the outsider's preference for an observer's stance is not so much an act which
denies responsibility to the world of his day, but rather a means of reassessing its
priorities.
In Section One, I discuss Conrad's role as an outsider in the age of Empires. I
demonstrate the ways in which Conrad employs narrators, frequently using strategies
of irony which can be and have been read in very different ways. I argue that Conrad
uses irony as a tool for condemnation rather than condonement of imperialist practice,
if not its ideology.
In Section Two, I discuss Lowry as an emigre from England (so contrasting
him with Conrad, the immigrant from Europe), and examine his dissenting voice
which opposes bourgeois prejudice against the working class, a totalising ideology
like Fascism, and a Western rationalism which sees too rigid a distinction between
sanity and madness. I demonstrate how Lowry as an outsider reacts to the age of
twentieth century World Wars.
In Section Three, I discuss Naipaul's role as an outsider in the age of
decolonisation, when bogus liberals and false redeemers fail to rebuild the newly
independent post-colonial states. As in Conrad's case, I show how a failure to read
Naipaul's ironic tone of voice has given rise to radically divergent views as to what he
is about. I also link Conrad and Naipaul through their cultural negotiation between the
'centre' and its peripheries.
By looking at these three writers in chronological order and offering a
comparative perspective on their work, I highlight the outsider's disturbing, yet
illuminating role within a historical context. I also draw attention to creative tensions
between artistic concerns and a serious political purpose. I assess the outsider as
observer and man of conscience rather than as a` mere onlooker. I conclude that the
outsider also fulfils a social obligation by promoting critical awareness on the reader's
side by means of his defamiliarising perspective
Exploring high-end scenarios for local sea level rise to develop flood protection strategies for a low-lying delta-the Netherlands as an example
No full textSea level rise, especially combined with possible changes in storm surges and increased river discharge resulting from climate change, poses a major threat in low-lying river deltas. In this study we focus on a specific example of such a delta: the Netherlands. To evaluate whether the country’s flood protection strategy is capable of coping with future climate conditions, an assessment of low-probability/high-impact scenarios is conducted, focusing mainly on sea level rise. We develop a plausible high-end scenario of 0.55 to 1.15 m global mean sea level rise, and 0.40 to 1.05 m rise on the coast of the Netherlands by 2100 (excluding land subsidence), and more than three times these local values by 2200. Together with projections for changes in storm surge height and peak river discharge, these scenarios depict a complex, enhanced flood risk for the Dutch delta
- …
