42 research outputs found
Ying wen tong xing ping shen qi kan de fa biao: ji yu Xianggang nei di bo shi sheng de an li yan jiu
No full textM.Phil.Consistent with the trend of globalization and marketization of the academy, more English as an additional language (EAL) researchers, driven by the prevalent ideology of “publish or perish”, have joined the deeply competitive game of publishing in English-medium peer-reviewed journals. This present study, taking an academic literacies approach, illuminates on the writing and publishing trajectories of a group of mainland Chinese STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) doctoral students who study at a local university in Hong Kong.A mixed methods research design was adopted in the present study. Data were collected primarily through a questionnaire survey distributed to 50 Chinese STEM doctoral students and follow-up interviews conducted with 15 participants; supporting documents, including manuscripts, published papers, and reviewers’ reports were also gathered and observed. The findings suggest that the participants’ perceived privileged role of English-indexed journals, their strong motivation to publish in English, and their reckoned crucial factors to successful publication were negotiated in the course of their mutual endeavor with the old-timers in the academic communities. Multifarious difficulties emerged in the process of their enculturation into the disciplinary-specific academic discourse, the language environment in Hong Kong academia, the embedded conventions in STEM disciplines (e.g., authorship issues, sensitive relationship with supervisors), and the international academic communities (e.g., power-infused relationship with gatekeepers). To multidimensionally socialize into their target academic communities, the participants strategically deployed their multilingual practices, recontextualizing practices, and textual borrowing practices to write in institutional and disciplinary expectations grounded in this special institutional and sociocultural context. They practiced their agency to negotiate their apprenticeship and to seek assistance from their supervisors, peers, collaborators, gatekeepers, research specialists, and language professionals. Through co-participation with the old-timers, the participants gradually gained legitimacy and moved from the periphery to the center of their situated academic communities. On the whole, the present study extends the previous academic literacies research and generates insights to inform the provision of research education and publishing pedagogy for graduate students.随着学术界的全球化和市场化，更多英语作为附加语言 (English as an additional language) 的学者，在盛行的“发表或消亡” (publish or perish) 思想的驱动下，纷纷参与到这个竞争激烈的英文同行评审期刊 (English-medium peer-reviewed journals) 的发表过程中。在学术读写素养 (academic literacies) 范式的指导下，本研究阐述了中国内地STEM (科学、技术、工程、数学) 学生在一所香港大学博士就读期间的写作和发表经历。本研究采用混合的研究方法向50名内地STEM博士生发放了问卷调查并对其中15名研究对象进行后续访谈。另外，本研究收集并审阅了包括论文手稿，出版文章和审稿人反馈在内的文件。结果表明，研究对象认为英文同行评审期刊在STEM学科发表中占优势主导地位。他/她们有着很强的动力发表在英文同行评审期刊上并对成功发表的关键因素有着自己的看法。而他/她们这样的态度和看法是不断与前辈 (old-timers) 在学术共同体中 (academic communities) 的交流商议中所塑造和形成的。在准备英文发表的过程中，他/她们需要掌握学科专业学术话语 (disciplinary-specific academic discourse)，适应香港学术界的语言环境，熟悉STEM学科文化惯例（例如，作者顺序）以及国际学术界的规范（例如，与审稿人的权力关系）。在融入学术共同体的社会化过程中，研究对象遇到了多方面的困难和挑战。为了更好地融入目标学术群体，研究对象在撰写学术文章中巧妙地使用了一些策略以符合在这个社会文化体制背景下的学科要求。这些策略包括在写作过程中的多语言使用 (multilingual practices), 内容重构 (recontextualization practices) 和文本借鉴 (text borrowing practices) 。同时，在准备英文发表的过程中，他/她们主动寻求导师、同事、合作者、审稿人、同领域学者和语言专家的帮助。在前辈的支持协助下，被研究学生在学术共同体中逐渐得到了认可 (legitimacy)，并从共同体边缘 (periphery) 逐步向中心移动。总体而言，本研究扩展了现有关于学术读写素养的文献研究，并对学生学术研究发表的教育教学提供了见解和启示。Li, Danling.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2018.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-161).Abstracts and appendix 2 also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on …).Li, Danling
Hoarseness caused by aneurysmal central pulmonary artery secondary to a giant patent ductus arteriosus associated with Eisenmenger’s syndrome
Get PDFA Financing-Based Misvaluation Factor and the Cross-Section of Expected Returns
No full textBehavioral theories suggest that investor misperceptions and market mispricing will be correlated across firms. We use equity and debt financing to identify common misvaluation across firms. A zero-investment portfolio (UMO, undervalued minus overvalued) built from repurchase and issue firms captures comovement in returns beyond that in some standard multifactor models, and substantially improves the Sharpe ratio of the tangency portfolio. Loadings on UMO incrementally predict the cross-section of returns on both portfolios and individual stocks, even among firms not recently involved in external financing activities. Further evidence suggests that UMO loadings proxy for the common component of a stock's misvaluation. The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: [email protected]., Oxford University Press.
Phytoplankton size structure in the western South China Sea under the influence of a ‘jet-eddy system’
No full text© 2018 A northeastward jet in the western South China Sea (SCS) usually induces phytoplankton blooms during summertime. This jet is often sandwiched by a cyclonic eddy in the north and an anticyclonic eddy in the south. Using in situ and satellite data, the present study analyzes the combined impact of the northeastward jet and two eddies on the phytoplankton size structure (PSS) from August to September 2014. Generally, picophytoplankton is the major size fraction in surface water, contributing 73% of the total chlorophyll a concentration. The data showed that a high chlorophyll a belt (av. 0.29 ± 0.18 μg L−1) with a large percentage of microphytoplankton (av. 14%) appeared in the northeastward jet. Meanwhile, similar chlorophyll a concentrations were observed in the cyclonic (av. 0.072 ± 0.019 μg L−1) and anticyclonic eddies (av. 0.087 ± 0.02 μg L−1), but microphytoplankton contributed 6.7% more in the anticyclonic eddy. Below the surface, however, the dominant size of phytoplankton switched from pico to nano and micro with increasing depth. In contrast to the observations at the surface, the jet and anticyclonic eddy presented a lower microphytoplankton contribution than the cyclonic eddy. Horizontally, advection of coastal upwelling water by the northeastward jet enhanced the growth of phytoplankton and influenced the surface PSS. Meanwhile, divergence/convergence in cyclonic/anticyclonic eddy interaction with the northeastward jet formed the high chlorophyll a belt at the edge of the eddy and increased the microphytoplankton contribution through water mass transport and mixing. Nutrient supply and weakening of the light intensity below the surface layer synergistically influenced the concentration and size structure of phytoplankton in the cyclonic/anticyclonic eddies at different depths. Finally, this study proposed a ‘jet-eddy system’ to explain summer spatial characteristics of PSS in the western SCS. Source water (riverine and coastal upwelling water) that feeds the ‘jet-eddy system’ is another key factor affecting phytoplankton biomass and its size structure.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Neural anomaly and reorganization in speakers who stutter A short-term intervention study
No full textObjectives: The aim of the current study was to differentiate between neural activity that represents neural anomalies that are responsible for persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) from the activity that is a result of compensating for stuttering. This was done by investigating alterations to the intrinsic functional architecture of speech-language processes of patients with PDS before and after a short-term intervention
Application of a generalized additive model (GAM) for estimating chlorophyll-a concentration from MODIS data in the Bohai and Yellow Seas, China
Get PDFIn optically complex waters, it is important to evaluate the accuracy of the standard satellite chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration algorithms, and to develop accurate algorithms for monitoring the dynamics of chl-a concentration. In this study, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite remote-sensing reflectance and concurrent in situ measured chl-a (20102013) were used to evaluate the standard OC3M algorithm (ocean chlorophyll-a three-band algorithm for MODIS) and Graver-Siegel-Maritorena model version 1 (GSM01) algorithm for estimating chl-a concentration in the Bohai and Yellow Seas (BYS). The results showed that the chl-a algorithms of OC3M and GSM01 with global default parameters presented poor performance in the BYS (the mean absolute percentage difference (MAPD) and coefficient of determination (R-2) of OC3M are 222.27% and 0.25, respectively; the MAPD and R-2 of GSM01 are 118.08% and 0.07, respectively). A novel statistical algorithm based on the generalized additive model (GAM) was developed, with the aim of improving the satellite-derived chl-a accuracy. The GAM algorithm was established using the in situ measured chl-a concentration as the output variable, and the MODIS above water remote-sensing reflectance (visible bands at 412, 443, 469, 488, 531, 547, 555, 645, 667, and 678 nm) and bathymetry (water depth) as input variables. The MAPD and R-2 calculated between the GAM and the in situ chl-a concentration are 39.96% and 0.67, respectively. The results suggest that the GAM algorithm can yield a superior performance in deriving chl-a concentrations relative to the standard OC3M and GSM01 algorithms in the BYS
Analysis of risk factors for changes of left ventricular function indexes in Chinese patients with gout by echocardiography
Get PDFBackground: Echocardiographic data investigating the association between left ventricular (LV) function and gout is still limited.Purpose: To analyze the association of echocardiographic parameters based on two-dimentional speckle tracking analysis with clinically related indicators in patients with gout, and to provide a clinical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease in patients with gout.Methods: This study collected gout patients who visited the outpatient and inpatient departments of the first affiliated hospital of chengdu medical college from November 2019 to December 2020. Spearman correlation test was performed to analyze the correlation coefficients between the laboratorial indicators with echocardiographic parameters. And the logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the independent effects.Results: The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was a risk factor for the decrease in absolute value of global longitudinal strain [GLS (OR = 2.34; 95% CI, 1.01–5.39; p = 0.04)], Urea was a risk factor for absolute reduction in GCS (OR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.07–1.85; p = 0.02), age (OR = 1.09, 95% CI, 1.04–1.16; p = 0.001), and hypertension (OR = 8.35; 95% CI, 1.83–38.02; p = 0.006) were risk factors for increased E/Em. High urea levels were significantly related with high risks of LVH (OR = 1.59, 95% CI, 1.04–2.43; p = 0.03) and enlargement of LAVI (OR = 1.68, 95% CI, 1.01–2.80; p = 0.04).Conclusion: Our study found that elevated urea and FPG were risk factors for subclinical LV myocardial dysfunction in patients with gout, which might provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of heart disease in clinical practice
Mapping the Environmental Cost of a Typical Citrus-Producing County in China: Hotspot and Optimization
No full textThe environmental sustainability of the largest citrus plantation globally is facing a great challenge in China. Further, there is a lack of quantitative, regional hotspot studies. In this study, the life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to quantify the environmental cost of citrus production based on 155 farmers’ surveys from typical citrus orchards in Danling County, southwest China, which produced 0.65% of the country’s total citrus production. The results showed that the average values of environmental risk indicated by global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), and eutrophication potential (EP) were 11,665 kg CO2-eq ha−1, 184 kg SO2-eq ha−1, and 110 kg PO4-eq ha−1, respectively. The production and utilization of fertilizer ranked the first contribution to the environmental impacts among all the environmental impacts, which contributed 92.4–95.1%, 89.4–89.8%, and 97.8–97.9% to global warming potential, acidification potential, and eutrophication potential, respectively. Specific to the contribution of fertilizers to environmental costs, the production and utilization of nitrogen (N) fertilizer accounted for more than 95% of the total environmental costs. Thus, the spatial distribution of environmental costs in this county was well matched with that of N input. Compared with the average values of investigated 155 orchards, the high yield and high N use efficiency (HH) orchard group with younger and better educated owners achieved a higher citrus yield and N use efficiency with less fertilizer input and lower environmental costs. Five field experiments conducted by local government and Danling Science and Technology Backyard were used to further certify the reduction potential of environment costs. These field results showed that the local recommendation (LR) treatment increased citrus yield and N use efficiency by 1.9–49.5% and 38.0–116%, respectively, whereas decreased environmental costs by 21.2–35.2% when compared with the local farmer practice in the HH orchard group. These results demonstrated that an optimum nutrient management based on the local field recommendation in citrus-producing areas is crucial for achieving a win-win target of productivity and environmental sustainability in China and other, similar countries
Corrigendum: Analysis of risk factors for changes of left ventricular function indexes in Chinese patients with gout by echocardiography
Get PDFEffect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on cognitive dysfunction induced by nitrous oxide abuse: protocol of a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial
No full textINTRODUCTION: The cognitive dysfunction associated with nitrous oxide abuse is gradually becoming a major global public health concern. Despite the increasing prevalence of nitrous oxide abuse, there are currently no authorised/approved treatment options. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been proven to be an efficient method to improve cognitive function. The current randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial will explore the effect of HBOT on cognitive dysfunction induced by nitrous oxide abuse. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Eighty participants who abuse nitrous oxide and have cognitive dysfunction, including memory decline, disorientation, attention deficits, slower reactions and learning disabilities, will be included in the trial. They will be randomly assigned to receive either HBOT or sham-HBOT 90–120 min once daily for 5 days per week for 2 weeks. The primary outcome will be the improvement in the total score of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, which will measure comprehensive cognitive function between the two groups. Additionally, attention will be measured by integrated visual and auditory continuous performance tests, executive function will be measured by the Wisconsin card sorting test, intelligence will be measured by Raven’s standard progressive matrices and cognitive control will be measured by the Stroop colour word interference test. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This protocol was approved by the West China Hospital of Sichuan University Biomedical Research Ethics Committee. The report of the study will be disseminated via scientific forums including peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100047111)
