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Measurements, zymographic analysis and characterisation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in healthy human umbilical cord blood
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EXPRESSION OF CYTOTOXIC EFFECTOR MOLECULES IN CD56BRIGHT NK CELLS GENERATED IN VITRO: IDENTIFICATION OF AN IMMATURE CD56BRIGHT/GRANZYME-B−/PERFORIN−/TRAIL+ NK CELLS.
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Actin involvement in apoptotic chromatin changes of hemopoietic cells undergoing hyperthermia
No full textDuring apoptosis, cell chromatin undergoes characteristic morphological changes, which have been long described in a variety of experimental models but are mostly not yet understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon and the possible role of cytoskeleton, in particular actin. The chosen apoptotic model were HL60 hemopoietic cells undergoing hyperthermia and the starting point was the observation of thin filament bundles in decondensed chromatin of their early apoptotic nuclei. The characterization of these structures was undertaken by cytochemical, fluorescent and immunogold techniques, directed to actin identification. Taken together, our results suggest, in apoptotic cells, a deep actin rearrangement. Moreover, this cytoskeletal component, never present in normal nucleus, appears in the early apoptotic one, where it can be found in polymerized form, promptly recognizable both by conventional and immunogold electron microscopy. We suggest that, similarly to the role played by nuclear matrix in interphase and mitotic nucleus, actin could be directly involved in chromatin rearrangement occurring in apoptosis
Multiple roles of matrix metalloproteinases during apoptosis
Full text linkStructural, molecular and biochemical approaches have contributed to piecing together the puzzle of how matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) work and contribute to various disease processes. However, MMPs have many unexpected substrates other than components of the extracellular matrix which profoundly influence cell behaviour, survival and death. With the current understanding of diverse/novel roles of matrix metalloproteinases-particularly their direct or indirect relevance for the early steps during programmed cell death-some seemingly contrasting results seem less surprising. To better target MMPs an appreciation of their many extracellular, intracellular and intranuclear functions, often acting in opposing directions with paradoxical roles in cell death, is carefully required. © 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc
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