1,721,076 research outputs found
Gli ultimi cacciatori e l’origine dei siti pastorali nel Jebel Gharbi (Libia).
No full textAtti della Giornata di studio Tra Il Sahara e il Mediterraneo. Il Jebel Gharbi (Libia) e l’archeologia del Maghreb, Roma 13 giugno 2005
ITALIAN ARCHEOLOGICAL MISSION IN THE FARAFRA OASIS. Re-discovery and Enhancement of the environmental and cultural heritage - Season 2006
No full textMicrolithism and Landscape Exploitation along the Cyrenaican Coast between the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene: A Matter of Continuity. In Living in the Landscape. Essays in honour of Graeme Barker
No full textNorth African territories at the end of the Pleistocene
is mirrored in significant changes in lithic production.
From a technological point of view all the Final
Pleistocene lithic complexes in North Africa are characterized
by an increase frequency in the production of
geometric microliths and by the presence of particular
tool types, such as backed blades and bladelets, which
are often present in high percentages (Barich & Conati
Barbaro 2003; Bouzouggar et al. 2008; Close 2002;
Jackes & Lubell 2008; Lubell 1984; Lubell et al. 1984;
Rahmani 2003; 2004).
As for the North Libyan regions, during the
twentieth century, the study of microlithic complexes
was mainly focussed in two areas: the Cyrenaican and
Tripolitanian littoral and the corresponding coastal
ranges, the Jebel Akhdar, east of the Gulf of Sirte, and
the Jebel Gharbi, west of it. These studies have helped
clarify the role played by the Libyan coast as a cultural
link between the Mediterranean shores and the central
and eastern Sahara during the Late Pleistocene and the
beginning of the Holocene
Oasi di Farafra - Un quadro delle più recenti ricerche
No full textIl lavoro condotto sul terreno durante il 2006 nella regione di Sheikh e Bir el Obeiyid ha inaugurato un nuovo ciclo di ricerche che permetteranno di integrare i dati raccolti nelle precedenti fasi di indagine dalle diverse zone della depressione, ampliando le conoscenze relative alle fasi più avanzate dell’Olocene. La conoscenza di nuove forme di insediamento, di possibili tracciati commerciali in contatto con il Basso e Alto Nilo, verranno accompagnate dalla ricostruzione paleoambientale e geomorfologica per verificare l’ipotesi che, durante la fase di deterioramento climatico del V millennio a.C., quest’area fosse divenuta un percorso strategico verso la valle del Nilo.
I risultati delle nuove ricerche si vanno a inserire nell’ampio panorama dell’occupazione della regione, ricostruito attraverso l’attività, ormai ventennale, della Missione Italiana nell’Oasi di Farafra. Come si è mostrato nella prima parte di questa relazione, la strategia attuale tende alla divulgazione di questi importanti risultati attraverso una politica che li renda fruibili, in primo luogo, alla comunità locale. Al tempo stesso, la scoperta di nuovi settori territoriali e di nuovi documenti archeologici, procede di pari passo con un piano generale di salvaguardia e valorizzazione. Lo strumento principale di tale politica appare la creazione di un grande archivio informatizzato, che in futuro potrà essere reso accessibile anche agli operatori culturali del posto.
Il lavoro di studio degli esperti procede insieme al lavoro di pubblicazione e divulgazione dei risultati attraverso sistemi multimediali. A questo riguardo è in corso di allestimento il sito Web dove figureranno le linee di base del Progetto Pilota e lo stato di avanzamento (progetto Sig.Cinzia Geromino). Il sito sarà collegato tramite links con i principali centri universitari e istituzionali che svolgono attività di ricerca e di salvaguardia del patrimonio sul territorio africano
Libyan-Italian joint mission in the Jebel Gharbi (Tripolitania). The Holocene sequence of the Jifarah plain
No full textThe importance of Jebel Gharbi, the mountainous range
southwest of Tripoli, like the rest of the Libyan coast,
became particularly relevant during the Holocene. At
that time the territory may have played a key role in the
neolithization process which occurred along the southern
coast of the Mediterranean. Thanks to its central location
the Jebel can give an important contribution to
understand the exchanges which took place along the
coast from both the western regions of Maghreb and
from those to the East, mediated by the Nile Delta.
Another no less important theme to be explored are
the relations between the Mediterranean region and the
sphere of southern Libya, in the continental Sahara.
Though in both regions the pre-production phase is manifest
with similar modes of interaction with the environment,
the Sahara has its own characteristics belonging
to a complex of cultures (the Saharo-Sudanese complex)
which knew both very early ceramics together with herding
on cattle and caprines.
After a long cycle of research aimed at the reconstruction
of the chrono-stratigraphic sequence and the
paleoenvironment throughout Middle and Upper Pleistocene,
during the most recent campaigns the Jebel Gharbi
Archaeological Mission investigated the Holocene fine
sediments, and sites associated with them, which are
particularly numerous at the base of the Jebel escarpment.
As a matter of fact, no significant site for the
Holocene occupation was encountered in the inner region
of the Jebel. On the contrary, the most suited area
to the study of the Holocene occupation was the plain
that begins at the foot of Jebel and reaches the coast: the
Jifarah.
Since 2005 the Jifarah plain became the main investigation
focus of the Archaeological Mission in Jebel Gharbi,
while continuing survey activity also in the southernmost
area, to the limits of the Hammada el Hamra. In a
strip of land close to the base of the Jebel escarpment, the
Jurassic sandstone bedrock is exposed in the beds of
many small wadis. At several places the scarce thickness
of the alluvial deposits allowed the emergence of groundwater
through springs (this phenomenon may have coincided
with seismic episodes). The last campaign in the
field, in autumn 2010, investigated some relevant sites in
Wadi Allohim and the subsequent processing of the fieldwork
data has allowed us to establish a basic Neolithic
sequence for the Holocene Jifarah occupation.
The main problem that our research had to face is the
exclusive presence of open air sites in which most of the
records, especially concerning the bioarchaeological
component, was not preserved. Therefore we had to develop
a research methods that could overcome the limits
of the archaeological record. To answer this difficulty
paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstruction
were emphasized at the maximum.
The palaeoclimatic model of the Jifarah indicated the
presence of a long phase of relative humidity between
6500 and 3500 BC, preceded and followed by two arid
phases, the last of which represents the beginning of the
modern aridity. The abundance of water, and the resulting
wealth of vegetation, allowed for the continuity of
the occupation and encouraged the process of economic
change towards pastoral based organization. The Shakshuk,
Wadi Bazina and El Jawsh areas appeared the
most suitable territories for the survey.
A transitional phase in the early Holocene (Jifarah A:
Early Neolithic, 6150-5750 cal BC / 8100-7700 cal BP)
might have represented a continuation of the broad spectrum
exploitation economy by collectors who visited seasonally
ponds and marshes. The arid trend typical of
this period could have made the marsh areas more favorable
locations. Not be ruled out that the economic model
of these groups would include already goat breeding,
which at this time is known in the Neolithic layers of
Haua Fteah in Cyrenaica.
During the following phase (Jifarah B: Middle Neolithic,
from 4750 to 3650 cal BC / 6700 to 5700 and 5400
cal BP) the same region presents a large number of
hearths and mounds. These steinplätze are clear markers
of the presence of shepherds groups and a proof of
their short living on the territory. Along with the steinplätze
larger encampments were detected which functioned
as base-camps; they are located in areas rich in
vegetation where also gathering activities could be carried
out such as site SJ-00-59 at Wadi Bazina or site SJ-
10-96 in the Wadi Allohim.
Subsequently, after the arid interval of 3400 cal BC
(Jifarah C: Late Neolithic, from 3400 to 2450 BC / 5400-
4400 cal BP) the adoption of nomadic pastoralism seems
to have been the preferred solution
The Italian Archaeological Mission in the Farafra Oasis. Official Report to the Supreme Council of Egyptian Antiquities. Field-Campaign 2001.
No full textEdito dallo SCA (Cairo - Egitto). In stamp
Microparticle Systems as Innovative Method for Controlled Alginate Cross-Linking Kinetics
No full textArchaeology of Farafra Oasis (Western Desert, Egypt)- A Survey of the Most Recent Research
No full textBarich Barbara E., Lucarini Giulio. Archaeology of Farafra Oasis (Western Desert, Egypt) - A Survey of the most recent Research. In: Archéo-Nil. Revue de la société pour l'étude des cultures prépharaoniques de la vallée du Nil, n°12, 2002. Actualité de la recherche prédynastique : les terrains de fouilles. 1-La Haute-Egypte et les déserts. pp. 101-108
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