295 research outputs found
Evaluation of the impact of ITS
No full textThe evaluation of ITS begins and takes root within a European policy focused on the diffusion and enhancement of ITS. This section briefly introduces the history of the European policies and actions supporting these technologies to describe their scope in Europe. ITS apply information and communication technologies to make the transport of people and goods easy and flowing. The potential of ITS was expressly mentioned in several White Papers of the European Commission (EC), which considers them as a way to reduce congestion and bottlenecks. The implementation of traffic management plans, information services before and during the journey, goods management services, assistance and emergency services in case of emergency as well as electronic fee systems is therefore a priority and shall contribute to reduce the saturation of the road network. To support the extension of services in Europe, the European Community supports ITS in the road sector by co-financing several projects. Community policies for the development of the Trans-European Road Network (TERN) aim at establishing the interconnection, the interoperability and the continuity of services, above all on long-distance corridors and at borders. Traffic management advanced systems were implemented before 2001 in many European areas. National and regional ITS services were never coordinated, thus resulting in a fragmented mosaic. Aiming at a wide diffusion of ITS services all over Europe, the EC launched the programme Trans-European intelligent transport systeMs PrOjects (TEMPO) in 2001-2006. The key objective of the programme TEMPO on ITS in the road sector was to promote a harmonious and coordinated development of ITS in the member states of the Union, as well as the cooperation among the several countries, and the safety and quality of the service on the TERN network thanks to the cooperation between bordering regions by means of the so-called Euroregional projects. The programmeTEMPO 2001-2006 includes sixprojects: ARTS, CENTRICO, CORVETTE, SERTI, VIKING and STREETWISE. The project CONNECT and the project ITHACA were added to the six projects, thus covering the whole Europe
Roadworks Warning – Closure of a Lane, the impact of C-ITS messages
No full textBy now, it is widely acknowledged among stakeholders and academia that infrastructures will have to be composed both by a physical component and a digital one. The deployment of technologies exploiting dedicated short-range communications is viewed as the most cost-effective solution to face the foreseen growth of mobility. Still, little has been done to define the best implementation logic of DSRC. Aim of this paper is to frame the possible impacts arising by the implementation of a cooperative intelligent transport system (C-ITS)-use case: roadworks warning—closure of a lane, and, in order to achieve this result, microsimulations are exploited. The results are intended to support both road operators and car-makers in defining the best operational logics and the possible benefits achievable by presenting the cooperative message at a certain distance for certain market penetrations. Moreover, if the C-ITS message actually entails benefits or simply disrupts the upstream traffic should be assessed in advance, before implementing the system. The obtained results show that the risk of disruption and of reduction in traffic efficiency arises at lower market penetration levels. Nevertheless, a consistent trend in delay reduction is recorded upstream the roadworks, the highest reduction being equal to 8.66%. Moreover, the average speed at the roadworks entrance on the closing lane increases by a difference equal to around 10 km/h, while the average time in the queue at the highest market penetration reduces by 60 s on the open lane and 25 s on the closing one. These presented results reflect the way the traffic shifts from the slow to the fast lane thanks to the C-ITS system and effectively frames both the potentialities and the risks of the system
The mobility system in urban peripheries with particolar reference to the Italian situation
No full textIn chapter 1 the progress of motorization in Italy is analyzed with particular attention given to the interaction between the possession of vehicles and the territory in urban peripheries. The studies point out how the phenomena of motorization in Italy has undergone a notable growth in the last ten years but an uneven growth between the north and the south and between small towns and cities. In comparison with the European situation it has emerged how high the ownership of automobiles is in Italy. The correlation of the indexes of motorization with the region and residen- tial settlements enables to understand the phenomena of motorization in urban peripheries and in small towns. In a particular way in Lombardy the index of motorization (that is the number of cars owed by each inhabitant) for almost all of the towns differs little from the regional average, thus characterizing Lombardy as a region with high level, diffused motorization.
In chapter 2 the most significant relationships between infrastructures and the use of the region in areas outside urban settlements will be emphasized. In these areas of transition between city and countryside the transportation network and, in particular viability, can be developed with roads fulfilling the needs of the sector but which often do not respect the characteristics of the region they cross
I servizi ITS e la valutazione dell'impatto sulla mobilità: approcci internazionali ed esperienze italiane
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