89 research outputs found
Lo spazio scenico e la sua organizzazione nel teatro dell’Ottocento
No full textFrom the seventeenth century to Boito, through
Verdi’s revolution, the author sheds light on the mimesis/
reality articulations, on technical advances and the role of
music publishing that have characterized the different relations
between performing and figurative arts on the scenes of
nineteenth-century opera theater
Role of HER2 in esophageal and gastric carcinogenesis and reliability of its evaluation in endoscopic biopsies
No full text
Pearls and pitfalls of bathing in atopic dermatitis
No full textThe latest guidelines of the American Academy of Dermatology suggest bathing as an advantageous nonpharmacologic intervention for regular skin care of patients with atopic dermatitis. Regular bathing with water can hydrate the skin, remove scale, crust, irritants, and allergens, enhance penetration of topical agents, and potentially reduce bacterial colonization. However, it is still unclear whether the addition of oils, emollients, and other additives to bath water may produce further benefits for the management of atopic dermatitis. This article will review current pearls and pitfalls of adding salts and nonirritating, nonsensitizing substances to water baths for the long-term maintenance treatment of atopic dermatitis in children
Feste a Guastalla e nel ducato della Mirandola
No full textRicostruzione delle più importanti occasioni di festa nel ducato dei Pico della Mirandola in età barocca con il conforto di documenti editi e inediti
Use of Simulated Patients in Disaster Medicine Training: A Systematic Review
No full textSimulation is an effective teaching tool in disaster medicine education, and the use of simulated patients (SPs) is a frequently adopted technique. Throughout this article, we critically analyzed the use and the preparation of SPs in the context of simulation in disaster medicine. A systematic review of English, French, and Italian language articles was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar. Studies were included if reporting the use of SPs in disaster medicine training. Exclusion criteria included abstracts, citations, theses, articles not dealing with disaster medicine, and articles not using human actors in simulation. Eighteen papers were examined. All the studies were conducted in Western countries. Case reports represent 50% of references. Only in 44.4% of articles, the beneficiaries of simulations were students, while in most of cases were professionals. In 61.1% of studies SPs were moulaged, and in 72.2%, a method to simulate victim symptoms was adopted. Ten papers included a previous training for SPs and their involvement in the participants' assessment at the end of the simulation. Finally, this systematic review revealed that there is still a lack of uniformity about the use of SPs in the disaster medicine simulations
Be bold, start cold! cold formalin fixation of colorectal cancer specimens granted superior DNA and RNA quality for downstream molecular analysis
No full textThe use of cold formalin fixation (CFF; i.e., fixating tissue samples with 4 °C precooled formalin) recently attracted further attention owing to its putative improved ability to preserve nucleic acid compared with standard room temperature formalin (SFF). In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of four formalin-based fixation protocols (SFF, CFF, delayed formalin fixation-DFF, and cold formalin hyperfixation; CFH) on both DNA and RNA quality. We collected 97 colorectal cancer (CRC) and analyzed 23 metrics of nucleic acid quantity and quality yield using a multiplatform approach by combining spectrophotometric, fluorimetric, electrophoretic, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Following confirmation of fixation-protocol-related different effects via clustering analysis, CFF presented best metrics compared with all protocols, specifically positive coefficients of DV1000-60000, DV2/DV1, DNA λ ratio 260/230, and ABL gene expression absolute copies, and negative coefficient of DV150-1000. The SFF subgroup presented a positive coefficient of DV150-1000 and negative coefficients for DV1000-60000, DV2/DV1, RNA λ ratio 260/230, RNA QuBit concentration, DV100/200, RNA electrophoresis concentration and absolute quantity, and ABL copies. Overall, we confirmed the superior yield performances of CFF preservation for both DNA and RNA compared with the other protocols in our series of CRC samples. Pending further validations and clarification of the specific mechanisms behind these findings, our study supports the implementation of CFF in the pathology unit routine specimen management for tumor tissue molecular profiling
Synchronous and metachronous primary colorectal cancers with concordant and discordant mismatch repair status
No full textMultiple primary colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) synchronous, when detected approximately at the same time, or metachronous, when a significant amount of time has elapsed between diagnoses can show both mismatch repair (MMR) status concordance and discordance between primary tumors. The aim was to evaluate the MMR status of a monoinstitutional, retrospective cohort of synchronous and metachronous CRCs, with a focus on the frequency of cases with discordant MMR status, and explore the MMR status of metastatic nodal deposits. All synchronous and metachronous CRCs diag-nosed in our institution between 2011 and 2023 were collected. Clinicopathologic characteristics were evaluated, including MMR status of all CRCs, BRAF mutation, and MLH1 promoter methylation analyses. MMR status discordant cases were further analyzed, and MMR testing was performed on nodal metastases. Of 3671 patients, 107 (2.9%) had multiple CRCs (94 synchronous and 13 metachronous; total number of CRCs 220). Sixty CRCs were MMR deficient (dMMR) (27.3%), and most were right-sided and high-grad e and showed special histologic features (P < .00001). Ninety-three patients showed intertumoral MMR concordance: 70 (65.4%) with MMR-proficient (pMMR) CRCs, and 23 (21.5%) were dMMR. Fourteen patients (13.1%) showed intertumoral MMR discordance (at least one dMMR and one pMMR), and in 5 patients , nodal metastases were present: 2 patients harbored metastases only from their pMMR cancer, 2 only from their dMMR cancer, and in 1 patient pMMR and dMMR metastases were present. In conclusion, all multiple primary CRCs should analyzed for MMR status as discordant MMR is possible as well as discordant metastatic nodal posits, and this may be important for patient management.(c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Immunohistochemistry on old archival paraffin blocks: is there an expiry date?
No full textFew studies have focused on antigen preservation in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue in old archival material and additional studies are required, especially considering that these samples are an irreplaceable resource for scientific and clinical research. The purpose of this study is to verify antigen preservation in FFPE tissue samples stored for several decades. From the pathology archives, FFPE blocks were selected dating back to the 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s and 2010. A panel of 12 antibodies was applied and immunoreactivities were compared. While cytoplasmic antigens showed no reduction in immunostaining intensity over time, membrane and nuclear antigens presented reduced staining intensity in older blocks. In particular, the nuclear antigen, Ki67 and CD31 showed the most pronounced antigen decay in the oldest archival blocks. In order to test possible antigen recovery, deep sectioning and lengthening of heat pretreatment were applied. Both strategies partially recover antigenicity, but their simultaneous application shows the best results.</jats:p
Section detachment in immunohistochemistry: causes, troubleshooting, and problem-solving
No full textSection detachment in immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a common phenomenon, increasing times and costs of diagnosis and research. However, it has poorly been investigated. The aim of this study was to identify the causes of section detachment, with the purpose of defining a quality assured laboratory procedure to minimize detachment frequency. We screened 3349 IHC sections from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue, identifying 177 cases with section detachment (5.3% of the sample). Detachment regarded mainly samples of surgical breast tissue and IHC procedures in which heat pretreatment was used. Focusing on pre-analytical factors, we investigated seven main critical issues: (1) section aging; (2) section thickness; (3) slide contamination; (4) slide aging; (5) slide brand; (6) âhumanâ influence; and (7) sample size and fixation. Each of these issues was individually investigated to establish their influence on detachment. Targeted experiments were performed by varying section age, thickness, cleanliness, slide brand and age, and sample size and fixation. Finally, to investigate operator-dependent causes, sections were cut by different operators blinded to aim. The most important factors influencing section detachment were demonstrated to be: section thickness, slide aging, slide brand, âhumanâ influence, and size and fixation of samples. The pre-analytical phase, including all the aforementioned issues, should be standardized within a quality assurance program. By adopting these recommendations, we obtained a 34% drop in section detachment. Although section detachment remains difficult to eradicate completely, many other influences can be addressed and corrected in any laboratory leading to an increase in efficiency and cost saving
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