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L'ambivalenza di Malebranche
No full textMalebranche by Mariangela Priarolo is the only general introduction to Malebranche available in the Italian secondary literature. The main contents of this recent monograph are here examined in terms of the intertwining between religion and philosophy that is characteristic of Malebranche’s thought. The overlapping of and oscillation between faith and reason, between revealed religion and intellectual metaphysics are discussed. Finally, the reasons for the ‘disappearance’ of Malebranche as a prominent, classical author of reference in the 19th and 20th century philosophy are considered
Scienza e teologia fra Seicento e Ottocento. Una giornata di studi in ricordo di Maurizio Mamiani
No full textNewton e l'Apocalisse
No full textDiscussione di Isaac Newton, Trattato sull'Apocalisse, a c. di M. Mamiani, Torino, Bollati-Boringhieri 199
La legge di natura in Locke: una questione teologico-politica
Full text linkABSTRACT
It is well known that Locke’s political theory with regard to the concepts of the law of nature, the state of nature and the transition from it to the commonwealth is at best highly problematic, if not inconsistent. Locke’s incoherence has often been related to the combination of different approaches; he accepted the traditional metaphysical doctrine of natural law (which he found restated in Richard Hooker’s Ecclesiastical Polity), but combined it with naturalistic ethics of Epicurean origin centred on the ideas of self-preservation and of the search for pleasure and avoidance of pain as the basic motivations of human behaviour. In my essay I examine the notion of natural law and try to show the inadequacy of this theory to account for the transition from the state of nature to political society. I focus particularly on theologico-political issues related to the transgression of natural law, which is conceived both as an ideal rational norm and as a natural, practical principle. Locke’s texts conceal a dilemma which he never discussed, but which undermines his political theory: either natural law’s obligation is effective, and in this case rational human agents should live in a self-regulating natural society without need of building the commonwealth and its repressive apparatus; or natural law is no more than a postulated set of ideal values, unable to regulate the dominant forces of human actions, and in this case it is difficult to understand how the positive laws of the commonwealth should respect its supposed prescriptions. I conclude my essay arguing that the shaky theological foundation of Locke’s political theory is not merely related to Locke’s inconsistencies, but reveals the deficiency of the traditional notion of natural law when faced with the elements of realism which Locke includes in his theory and which he shares with modern political thought
Volker A. Munz, "Satz und Sinn. Bemerkungen zur Sprachphilosophie Wittgensteins" (Rodopi, Amsterdam-New York 2005)
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L'iperbole del dubbio. Lo scetticismo cartesiano nella filosofia inglese tra Sei e Settecento
No full text"L’iperbole del dubbio. Lo scetticismo cartesiano nella filosofia inglese tra Sei e Settecento" reconstructs the debates on Descartes’ hyperbolical doubt in the British philosophy from Hobbes’ Third Objections to Hume’s Enquiry concerning Human Understanding. This monograph documents the reactions to Cartesian scepticism by a long sequence of authors of major or minor relevance: this survey deals with well known thinkers such as Hobbes, Glanvill, the Cambridge Platonists, Locke, Shaftesbury, Norris, Berkeley and Hume, while encompassing also less studied authors such as Samuel Parker, Antoine Le Grand, John Sergeant, Edward Stillingfleet, Edward Howard e Andrew Baxter. The work’s method combines an accurate analysis of the texts to a theoretical assessment of the arguments proposed by the British philosophers which faced the Cartesian challenge. This research aimed to clarify the conceptual issues involved in the Cartesian attempt at eliminating radical scepticism and at founding scientific certainty. These issues mainly concern the nexus between metaphysics and theory of knowledge, but they include also theological aspects such as, for instance, the discussion on God’s veracity and on the relation between human intellect and God’s Mind. This monograph contributes to the studies on the diffusion both of scepticism and of Cartesianism in early modern philosophy and is the first general recognition of the various ways pursued by English thinkers to refute, neutralize or avoid radical doubt in order to guarantee knowledge’s certainty and reliability
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