216 research outputs found
Climate-responsive design: A framework for an energy concept design-decision support tool for architects using principles of climate-responsive design
Get PDFIn climate-responsive design the building becomes an intermediary in its own energy housekeeping, forming a link between the harvest of climate resources and low energy provision of comfort. Essential here is the employment of climate-responsive building elements, defined as structural and architectural elements in which the energy infrastructure is far-reaching integrated. This thesis presents the results of research conducted on what knowledge is needed in the early stages of the design process and how to transfer and transform that knowledge to the field of the architect in order for them to successfully implement the principles of climate-responsive design. The derived content, form and functional requirements provide the framework for a design decision support tool. These requirements were incorporated into a concept tool that has been presented to architects in the field, in order to gain their feedback.
Climate-responsive design makes the complex task of designing even more complex. Architects are helped when sufficient information on the basics of climate-responsive design and its implications are provided as informative support during decision making in the early design stages of analysis and energy concept development. This informative support on climate-responsive design should address to different design styles in order to be useful to any type of architects.
What is defined as comfortable has far-reaching implications for the way buildings are designed and how they operate. This in turn gives an indication of the energy used for maintaining a comfortable indoor environment. Comfort is not a strict situation, but subjective. Diversity is appreciated and comfort is improved when users have the ability to exert influence on their environment. Historically, the provision of comfort has led to the adoption of mechanical climate control systems that operate in many cases indifferent from the building space and mass and its environment. Climate-responsive design restores the context of local climate and environment as a design parameter. Many spatial, functional and comfort-related boundary conditions that have an effect on the energy design concept have been distinguished. There are many low-graded energy sources that can be put to use in the built environment, with local climate as the primary component. When exploring the potential of local climate, urban context needs to be taken into account since it heavily affects the actual potential. Since buildings are typically build to last for decades, consideration of changing climate and its expected effect on the energy potential is an important factor in the strategy to follow. The study of the energy potential of local climate resulted in a set of climate-related and context-related boundary conditions.
The principles of climate-responsive design - the conceptual relations between energy source, energy treatment and comfort demand - can be translated into various design solutions, the contextual, architectural and technical implementation of these principles into an actual design. The design solutions can be divided into six categories- site planning, building form and layout, skin, structure, finish and (integrated)building service - that cover various dimensions in planning and construction. In this thesis a non-exhaustive list of design principles and solutions is presented using different matrices.
In order to design using climate-responsive design principles the architect should be given an overview of the comfort contribution and energy performance of design solutions. Furthermore, the identification of collaborations and conflicts when using multiple design principles together is essential. The generation of a satisfying design is more than just stacking solutions upon each other. It should also be made clear what a possible energy function of a building element is besides its primary function. This is where comfort and energy related design objectives of climate-responsive design meet other objectives (i.e. spatial, functional and structural). Finally, the impact of climatere sponsive building elements on the appearance of design is relevant to concept orientated architects. Together this can be considered as the content requirements of the design-decision support tool.
In the early stages of the design process climate-responsive design is about the generation of energy concepts. In this phase accessible guidelines and the option to compare alternatives is more important than to assess absolute performance. The conceptual design phase is dynamic and has many iterations. Informative, context specific knowledge reduces the number of iterations before the architect has generated a satisfying number of design options from which it can continue to the next design phase of assessment. Functional requirements for the framework of the design decision support tool are the inclusion of a knowledge base with expert knowledge and best practice examples, the provision of informative, context-specific knowledge, the provision of accessible guidelines, the provision of an option to compare alternatives, the inclusion of the ability to inform during and assist in decision-making (i.e. intelligence) and the limitation of complexity and the generation of easy to interpret output.
The tool is primarily developed for the architect so it needs to blend in the architect’s workflow enabling the architect’s creativity and guiding his intuition. Other form requirements of the design-decision support tool are the presence of customisation options and custom navigation patterns, all presented in a visual style.
A concept of the web-based tool has been developed in order to illustrate what a climate-responsive design-decision support tool could look like. The heart of the tool is formed by the knowledge base, constructed from items grouped into one of four categories: principles, solutions, projects and guidelines. Relationships between items are incorporated within the knowledge base as hyperlinks, which makes it easy to navigate from one item to another. The stored information is presented in numerous ways. Info sheets provide the most detailed presentation style containing all available information for an item, while catalogues, matrices and a gallery provide quick overviews and reveal direct relationships with other items.
In order to become a true design-decision support tool, the presented tool needs to be further developed. This includes the use of a more context-specific presentation style and the inclusion of more context-specific knowledge, the addition of layers in which the knowledge is presented varying from more general to practical, the development and implementation of performance indicators and a more direct and visual approach to pinpoint synergetic and conflicting effects.
By using the tool, architects can access relevant knowledge in different ways that suit their method of working. It enables the presentation of complex relationships in a clear way and by doing so unlocking a much broader part of the content to them. That will help speeding up the process of design iteration before the energy concept can be assessed in the successive phase of the design process
Designing for climatic phenomena: Exploring the architectural potential of climate responsive design
No full textExcessive amounts of fossil energy have disqualified climatic considerations as boundary factors for architecture. This has limited architects to operate in the visual realm, while the invisible senses that make up climatic design are generally disregarded. As a result contemporary buildings are usually unable to provide balanced living conditions without the support of external sources of energy. When climatic phenomena are considered in building design, architecture can generate an informed response through its geometry. By allowing the local climatic context to influence archetypes and low-tech design solutions, buildings become able to benefit from their environmental energy potential through architectural means. Such climate responsive buildings reflect their surroundings through architecture, making them highly location specific. This thesis examines the bioclimatic design philosophy in order to connect architectural thinking to climatic considerations. 9 buildings that are based on geometric principles found in sunlight, solar heat and wind show how architectural methods and techniques can be used to create climatically balanced living environments
Design Considerations for Building a Scalable Digital Version of a Multi-player Educational Board Game for a MOOC in Logistics and Transportation
No full textWith more flexible and large-scale learning environments, new design requirements for games emerge. Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are one of the most important innovations in the learning field. Still, it is a challenge to motivate learners and to keep them motivated in such huge learning environments. To address this challenge, we redesigned a board game targeting at an integrated view on disruption and communication management in an intermodal transportation situation. From the redesign, we have learned that an online game works better with fewer roles, requires immediate feedback, and an engaging way of challenge to keep players motivated. Our findings can inform the design of games for large groups of players in an online environment.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Policy AnalysisOrganisation & Governanc
Using space syntax to assess accessibility of multimodal urban hubs and seamless mobility within the hubs Case study Delft-Campus train station
No full textMultimodal hubs connect different modes, allowing people to switch from one mode to another and seamlessly access/egress to/from their origin/destinations. However, there are limited methods to estimate the impact of future measures on the accessibility of multimodal hubs. These future measures could be wide reaching, among others, introduction of different schemes in the planning of the hub or introduction of new modes at multimodal hubs. This study provides interdisciplinary cross-cutting method including transport and urbanism literatures, by using Space Syntax method. This method allows the transport planners to analyse and compare the current situation and the proposed development plan. In this research, we show how changes made in urban spatial configuration can impact the accessibility of intermodal hubs. To learn about the impacts of the spatial configuration of a city on station design, we performed a case study at Delft Campus train station in the Netherlands, which is under construction to become a multimodal hub. Firstly, we analyse the current situation and then the proposed development plan in terms of, integration, choice, accessibility and intelligibility, using segment analyses. Furthermore, the immediate surrounding areas of the station have been analysed by Visual Graphic Analysis to find visual accessibility within the hub. Although the municipality proposed plans claim that the station’s accessibility would be enhanced, our method indicate otherwise and the proposed changes are not highly effective in increasing accessibility. Finally, some design recommendations for multimodal hubs are proposed. This study is a prerequisite for designing the multimodal hubs considering emerging modes.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and PlanningTransport and Plannin
Erratum: Corrigendum to “Development and initial validation of the Role Strain Questionnaire for Junior Athletes (RSQ-JA)” (Psychology of Sport and Exercise (2016) 24 (168–178)(S146902921630022X)(10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.02.004))
No full textThe authors regret to let us know that there is an authorship change in the article. The authors would like add another author to the article namely Fiona Chun Man Ling, as they believe that she has made a substantial intellectual contribution to this work and is deserving authorship. As such, they would like to change the reference of the article to: Fleur E.C.A. van Rens a, *, Erika Borkoles b, Damian Farrow a, c, Thomas Curran d, Fiona Chun Man Ling a, Remco C.J. Polman e The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
Measuring microfinance access : building on existing cross-country data
Get PDFGiven the acknowledged need for a new effort to expand the set of available data on direct access to financial services, including a focus on access by those at low income, Honohan provides a selective review of the diverse sources of data that exist and considers how best to build on them. He proposes a basic framework within which to consider the analysis of the interesting questions: (1) How does access affect poverty and productivity? and (2) What hinders access? The author discusses existing and potential contribution of household and business user surveys, surveys of providers and their regulators, and surveys of experts, and assesses their relative strengths.Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Economics&Finance,Poverty Assessment,Governance Indicators
Development of a scale to measure social capital in recreation and sport clubs
Get PDFSocial capital's measurement has been limited and an effective scale is needed. This research employed focus groups and interviews and a panel of experts to provide understanding and items for a social capital scale in sport and recreation setting. After a pilot study the Club Social Capital Scale (CSCS) was completed by 1,079 members of sport and recreation clubs. This 42-item scale included the factors trust, friendship, acceptance, reciprocity, norms, and governance. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 20-item four component (governance, norms, friendship-acceptance, and trust-reciprocity) CSCS. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the potential four or five factor model and the hierarchical structure. The CSCS is the first psychometrically developed instrument to measure the factors underlying social capital rather than its outcomes. It can inform policy makers or sport and recreation administrators to establish baseline social capital in their organization and the efficacy of interventions or changes in policy. © 2018, © 2018 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. © 2018, © Tom Forsell, John Tower, and Remco Polman
Quenched Central Limit Theorems for the Ising Model on Random Graphs
Get PDFThemain goal of the paper is to prove central limit theorems for the magnetization
rescaled by the square root of N for the Ising model on random graphs with N vertices.Both random quenched
and averaged quenched measures are considered.We work in the uniqueness regime β > βc
or β > 0 and B not equal to 0, where β is the inverse temperature, βc is the critical inverse temperature
and B is the external magnetic field. In the random quenched setting our results apply to
general tree-like random graphs (as introduced by Dembo, Montanari and further studied by
Dommers and the first and third author) and our proof follows that of Ellis in Z^d. For the
averaged quenched setting, we specialize to two particular random graph models, namely
the 2-regular configuration model and the configuration model with degrees 1 and 2. In
these cases our proofs are based on explicit computations relying on the solution of the one
dimensional Ising model
Parsifal a Game Opera: Experiential Learning in Gameful Performance Art
No full textRichard Wagner’s Parsifal was recently rewritten and performed as a‘game opera’.We used observations, questionnaires, and interviews to study howthe 700+ audience were facilitated to experientially learn about the show’s mainthemes: compassion and collaboration. This case study contributed to ourunderstanding how performance art may improve games for learning and trainingpurposes, many of which now are notoriously ‘boring’. We concluded thatperformance art’s main contribution, in particular to games discussing fundamentalvalues such as compassion, is to captivate players and ‘lure’ them intotheir natural behaviour. Thus the Parsifal game opera emotionally confronted itsaudience with their – callous and selfish – behaviour and intensified their learningthrough embodied experiences. However, some players lacked time and supportto (collectively) reflect on their experiences and lacked catharsis. Therefore, werecommend using gameful performance art for learning and training purposes,provided that all activities in experiential learning are sufficiently facilitated.Post-print versionPolicy Analysi
De Korte rijmkroniek van Vlaanderen (1431) Middeleeuwse geschiedenis op een affiche
No full textManuscript G 13860 of Ghent University Library is a scroll of approximately 2.5 meters. In its current state, it consists of four strips of two columns each. The author of this contribution shows that its original form was a parchment poster (about 700 x 580 mm) with eight columns of text. This text is a chronicle on the history of Flanders in over eight hundred Middle Dutch verses. On the basis of this Ghent manuscript, this contribution delivers the editio princeps of this Korte rijmkroniek van Vlaanderen (short rhymed chronicle of Flanders). Attention is also paid to a fragment in the Royal Library of Belgium (ms. 2810-13, f. 1*) which may be a witness of the same text. The chron¬ icle pays great attention to the Ghent uprisings in the fourteenth century. It appears to have been composed in 1431. The exact position of this text within the Flemish historiography of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries deserves further investigation.Le manuscrit G 13860 de la bibliothèque de l’Université de Gand forme un rouleau d’environ 2,5 mètres. Ce rouleau est composé de quatre bandes de deux colonnes chacune, mais l’auteur démontre que celles-ci se présentaient à l’origine sous la forme d’une affiche en parchemin (environ 700 x 580 mm) comprenant huit colonnes. Le texte est une chronique relative à l’histoire de Flandre composée de plus de huit cents vers en moyen néerlandais. À partir de ce manuscrit gantois, cette contribution livre Yeditio princeps de cette Korte rijmkroniek van Vlaanderen (petite chronique rimée de Flandre). Une attention particulière est également portée à un fragment conservé à la Bibliothèque royale de Belgique (ms. 2810-13, f. 1*), peut-être un témoin du même texte. La chronique prête beaucoup d’attention aux soulèvements gantois du XVe siècle, mais semble avoir été composée en 1431. La position exacte qu’occupe ce texte au sein de l’historiographie flamande des XIVe et XVe siècles mériterait assurément encore une étude approfondie.Handschrift G 13860 van de Universiteitsbibliotheek Gent is een boekrol van ca. 2,5 meter. De roi is momenteel opgebouwd uit vier stroken van telkens twee kolommen. De auteur van deze bijdrage toont dat de oorspron-kelijke vorm een perkamenten affiche was (ca. 700 x 580 mm) met daarop acht kolommen. De tekst is een kroniek over de geschiedenis van Vlaanderen in ruim achthonderd Middelnederlandse verzen. Op basis van dit Gentse handschrift levert deze bijdrage de editio princeps van deze Korte rijmkroniek van Vlaanderen. Ook wordt aandacht geschonken aan een fragment in de Konink-lijke Bibliotheek van België (hs. 2810-13, f. 1*) dat mogelijk een getuige is van dezelfde tekst. De kroniek schenkt veel aandacht aan de Gentse opstanden in de veertiende eeuw en lijkt te zijn ontstaan in 1431. De precieze positie van de tekst binnen de Vlaamse historiografie van de veertiende en vijftiende eeuw verdient nader onderzoek.Sleiderink Remco. De Korte rijmkroniek van Vlaanderen (1431) Middeleeuwse geschiedenis op een affiche. In: Bulletin de la Commission royale d'histoire. Académie royale de Belgique. Tome 183, 2017. pp. 5-56
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