327,100 research outputs found
Reconstructing Loch Lomond Stadial Glaciers and Climate in the south-west English Lake District
No full textThe most recent glaciation of the English Lake District occurred during the Loch Lomond Stadial (Younger Dryas) when full glacial conditions returned to the British Isles. The largest ice mass formed over the Western Scottish Highlands with smaller ice masses developing throughout the British uplands.
In the Lake District, our understanding of the extent and timing of the Loch Lomond Stadial glaciation is patchy and poorly constrained by geochronology. Sissons (1980) proposed the development of 64 independent alpine-style ice masses in the district during the Loch Lomond Stadial. The location and geometry of these ice masses showed some agreement to the earlier, but coarser scale, map of ice masses produced Manley (1959) for the same period, however some significant differences were also apparent. More recently, McDougall (1998: 2001) has proposed the development of plateau icefields in the Lake District centred over High Raise, Grey Knotts/Dale Head, Brandreth and Kirk Fell. This much more extensive style of glaciation involved 40-50 m of cold based non-erosive ice occupying the plateau summits and feeding down into warm-based geomorphologically active outlet glaciers in the valleys. Further Loch Lomond Stadial sites have also been identified in the Lake District by Wilson (2002: 2004) and Wilson and Clark (1998: 1999).
The geomorphology of the south-west Lake District is identified and presented here and glaciers are then reconstructed based upon this evidence. Palaeoclimatic inferences made based upon the reconstructed glacial extent vary greatly depending on the style of glaciation that occurred during Stadial (alpine or plateau icefield). Of particular note, plateau icefields have the potential to significantly raise the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) across a region. This lowers the temperature at the ELA and therefore increases the reconstructed palaeoprecipitation at the ELA. In order to test the viability of the reconstructed glaciers in the Lake District, a 2D velocity-mass balance model is applied to the glaciers (adapted from Carr and Coleman,2007). This model assumes that where a glacier is glaciologically viable under the parameters used to drive the model, the basal velocity (Ub) accounts for < 90 % of the surface velocity in the centre of the channel (Us).
Further mass contributions to the glaciers via mechanisms such as snowblow are quantified using a revised definition of potential snowblow areas. The significance of these areas is then assessed with respect to the ELA of the glaciers. Digitisations of the work of Sissons (1980), McDougall (1998), Wilson and Clark (1998: 1999) in the Lake District are then presented and compiled with the work of the current author to illustrate the extent of the Loch Lomond Stadial throughout the whole district
High-precision radiocarbon dating of the construction phase of Oakbank Crannog, Loch Tay, Perthshire
No full textMany of the Loch Tay crannogs were built in the Early Iron Age and so calibration of the radiocarbon ages produces
very broad calendar age ranges due to the well-documented Hallstatt plateau in the calibration curve. However, the
large oak timbers that were used in the construction of some of the crannogs potentially provide a means of improving the precision of the dating through subdividing them into decadal or subdecadal increments, dating them to high precision and wiggle-matching the resulting data to the master <sup>14</sup>C calibration curve. We obtained a sample from 1 oak timber from Oakbank Crannog comprising 70 rings (Sample OB06 WMS 1, T103) including sapwood that was complete to the bark edge. The timber is situated on the northeast edge of the main living area of the crannog and as a large and strong oak pile would have been a useful support in more than 1 phase of occupation and may be related to the earliest construction phase of the site. This was sectioned into 5-yr increments and dated to a precision of approximately ±8–16 <sup>14</sup>C yr (1 σ). The wiggle-match predicts that the last ring dated was formed around 500 BC (maximum range of 520–465 BC) and should be taken as indicative of the likely time of construction of Oakbank Crannog. This is a considerable improvement on the estimates based on single <sup>14</sup>C ages made on oak samples, which typically encompassed the period from around 800–400 BC
The food and feeding of powan Coregonus lavaretus (L.) (Salmonidae: Coregoninae) in two Scottish lochs
No full textThe present study is mainly a descriptive account of the food and
feeding of the two Scottish powan populations from Loch Lomond and
Loch Eck. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons of powan diet are
made. Seasonal variations of diet are determined for the two
populations and some aspects of the planktivorous feeding of adult
pawan in Loch Lomond are examined. The partitioning of the ingested
energy into somatic and non-somatic growth is considered. Factors
affecting the feeding of the two populations are discussed
Cryptosporidiosis and filtration of water from Loch Lomond, Scotland
No full textPrevious evidence has suggested an association between consumption of unfiltered water from Loch Lomond, Scotland, and cryptosporidiosis. Before November 1999, this water had been only microstrained and disinfected with chlorine; however, since that time, physical treatment of the water (coagulation, rapid gravity filtration) has been added. To determine risk factors, including drinking water, for cryptosporidiosis, we analyzed data on laboratory-confirmed cases of cryptosporidiosis collected from 1997 through 2003. We identified an association between the incidence of cryptosporidiosis and unfiltered drinking water supplied to the home. The association supports the view that adding a filtration system to minimally treated water can substantially reduce the number of confirmed cryptosporidiosis cases
Project assesment competitive strategy company Pracovní oděvy LOCH
No full textCílem mé diplomové práce je stanovení konkurenční strategie podniku Pracovní oděvy LOCH. Práce je rozdělena do tří samostatných částí: teoretické, analytické a projektové. V teoretické části jsem z různých odborných literárních zdrojů shrnula důležité teoretické poznatky o tématu strategie, konkurence, konkurenční výhody, konkurenčních strategií a konkurenčním boji. V analytické části je představen daný podnik, jsou provedeny konkrétní analýzy vnějšího i vnitřního prostředí podniku, které byly stanoveny na základě metod popsaných rovněž v teoretické části. Dále bylo provedeno také srovnání s konkurencí. Z výsledků těchto analýz jsem následně v projektové části vycházela pro stanovení konkurenční strategie podniku Pracovní oděvy LOCH.The aim of this thesis is the competitive strategy for a company called Pracovní oděvy LOCH. The dissertation is divided into three parts: theoretical, analytical and project. In the theoratical section I summed up very important theoratical knowledge about strategy, competition, competitive advantage, competitive strategies and competition fight. In the analytical part I introduced the company, analyses are provided (including outer and inner environment). These are defined on the basis of methods which are described in the theoretical part. Then I analysed competition. Results of these analyses were solutions for introducing competitive strategy for company Pracovní oděvy LOCH.Ústav managementu a marketinguobhájen
Growth processes in the two Scottish populations of powan, Coregonus lavaretus (L.) (Eateleosteia, Salmonidae)
No full textThe powan, Coregonus lavaretus (L.) is endemic to only two
British waters, Loch Lomond and Loch Eck, Scotland. This
thesis describes the seasonal and longer term growth
processes of the two populations, concentrating on growth in
length back-calculated from scales, factors affecting
recruitment and mortality, reproductive cycles, and seasonal
deposition and mobilisation of storage products,
particularly lipid. The interrelationships of these cycles
is discussed. The populations differ in their diet and
duration of feeding, and it is shown that most of the inter-population differences in seasonal cycles of growth relate
to these feeding differences. The Loch Eck population is the
more variable. In addition to adult and immature powan, a
third category is identified, termed adolescents. These are
fish which are entering their first reproductive cycle.
Immature and adolescent fish are analysed separately and
compared with the adults. There are some differences in
seasonal cycles between the juveniles and adults, mainly in
relation to the presence or absence of the reproductive
cycle. A preliminary histological study of the ovaries of
adolescent females is carried out. Comparison of historical
data with the results of the present study shows that there
has been little change in the Loch Lomond powan in the past
200 years. Both lochs are coming under increasing human
pressure, and conservational measures urgently need to be
taken if the powan populations are to survive
Ellen S. Isle, Loch Katrine
No full textView of Ellen\u27s Isle and Loch Katrine located in Stirling Scotland. This Loch was used as a reservoir for the city of Glasgow. A small, forested island lies in the middle of the isle, backed by misty mountains. Dark branches frame the edges of the composition.https://digital.kenyon.edu/arthistorystudycollection/1282/thumbnail.jp
The British Colonial Press coverage of the Indian Rebellion of 1857-8 and its relationship to local concerns
No full textThe purpose of this thesis is to examine the many aspects of identity, in the varied colonies and settlements of the British Empire. It achieves this through investigating the impact that the Indian Rebellion of 1857-8 had on perceived localised issues of identity, interests and the lands that they inhabited. It uses the colonial press copy on one of the Empire’s primary news events, the Rebellion, as source material.
Much of the literature on the imperial press covers later periods during which the telegraph system was in place, news agencies were fully developed, and efficient mass printing presses had cut production costs. The newspaper had become a consumer item, as a consequence of the removal of taxes. The existing surveys of the press reaction to the Rebellion concern specific issues or are limited in location and number of journals utilised.
Each of the four substantive chapters of this thesis analyse different aspects of identity, by taking specific issues and relating them to colonies or the groups that inhabited them. In the first chapter the island of Ireland is used to examine the issues of religion and ethnicity followed by the divisions those created. The second chapter focuses on at settler colonies and their desire to establish a place and position in the empire by contributing men, material and finances. For this set of concerns British North America, the Cape Colony and Australia were the examples. The Straits Settlements and Burma are also used as locations, in which the European population was seeking to replace East India Company rule with that of the British state. The third chapter uses as an example the colonies of British North America to examine the divided loyalties in settler colonies. The fourth employs several colonies with plantation economies to look at the need for labour and the threat that Indian labour, free or convict, might present. In the final chapter empire wide copy was utilised to compare and to contrast the two visions of the combatants, both European and Indian, and aspects of them to determine if a cross-imperial viewpoint was arrived at, or whether these were local views made homogeneous by the types of people who expressed them
The Devensian Lateglacial and early Flandrian stratigraphy of Southern Snowdonia, North Wales.
No full textPhDThe Devensian Lateglacial and early Flandrian stratigraphy of southern Snowdonia,
North Wales has been examined using pollen analytical, radiocarbon dating and geomorphological
mapping techniques. These techniques were used to reconstruct the effects and timing of
environmental changes on the Lateglacial and early Flandrian vegetation and landscape.
Detailed geomorphological mapping enabled the reconstruction of former "cwm" glaciers
and snowpatches of inferred Loch Lomond (Younger Dryas) Stadial age. These former glaciers were
small and extremely localised, their distribution being influenced by altitude, aspect and snowdrift A
local equilibrium fim line of 600 m OD was estimated from former glaciers on Cader Idris and used
to infer a mean July temperature of 8.5 ' C at sea-level during the Stadial. Pollen analyses of three
mire sites located outside the former ice limits and three upland lake sites from inside the limits
helped to corroborate a Loch Lomond (Younger Dryas) Stadial age for the "cwm" glaciation.
Logistical problems of sampling upland lake sites were overcome by the innovative use of sub-aqua
divers.
An exceptionally thick sequence of Lateglacial and early Flandrian organic-rich
sediments was discovered at Llyn Gweman and provided a particularly high degree of stratigraphic
resolution for radiocarbon dating vegetational changes and other environmental events. Late
Devensian ice was shown to have abandoned the Llyn Gwernan site before ca.13,200 BP at which
time the landscape was rapidly colonised by a pioneer vegetation in which Rumex was prominent.
Juniper spread into the area at ca.13,000 BP and was succeeded by the expansion of birch woodland
at ca.12,100 BP. Gradual climatic deterioration was inferred from this time onward, culminating in
the revertence to a tundra-like environment during the Loch Lomond (Younger Dryas) Stadial, hereby
dated to between ca.11,200 BP and 10,000 BP. The climate improved at around 10,000 BP and
vegetational succession progressed from herb-rich grassland, through expansion phases for juniper,
willow, birch and eventually hazel at ca.9,100 BP
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