457 research outputs found
Sixteen Conjoined Divination Inscriptions of the Huang Group
No full text甲骨卜辭綴合促使辭例訊息本身的完整性，亦得以逐漸拼湊出甲骨原樣。本文以卜辭黃組為例，搜羅近來綴合成果共十六則；關於卜辭黃組時代，大抵在帝乙、帝辛時期，此時亦以龜腹甲、胛骨為主要占卜之物，本文十六則綴合中，二例屬龜腹甲，其餘十四例則為胛骨之綴合。且其中五組是在前人的基礎上進行加綴，另外十一組則為本人所新綴，過程中並懷疑前人的一則誤綴，文內將此誤綴的兩版，再重新與其他二版進行綴合。Conjunction of divination inscriptions on oracle bones not only contributes to the completeness of inscription decipherment but also helps to restore oracle bones to their original appearances. The inscriptions of the Huang Group approximately date from the reign of Di Yi and Di Xin [Emperors Yi and Xin], when tortoise plastrons and animals’ scapulae are the main divination tools. This article collects sixteen recently conjoined divination inscriptions of the Huang Group; two of them are incised on tortoise plastrons and the other fourteen on animals’ scapulae. Five of them are the author’s additions to previous scholarly works, while the other eleven are newly conjoined by the author. During the process of conjoining, the author discovers that two divination inscriptions have mistakenly been pieced together by previous scholars and therefore re-conjoins them with other two inscriptions
Fifteen Oracle Bone Inscriptions on Conjoined Scapulae
No full text今所見商代甲骨卜辭，基本以刻在龜甲、胛骨為主。本文以胛骨為範圍，共綴合十五則，其中四則屬第一期的賓組卜辭；另十一則歸於第五期的黃組卜辭，內容涉及卜旬，以及田獵的材料。而十五組中，二組則是在前人的基礎上再行加綴，其餘則為本文新綴。This article interprets fifteen divination writings incised in conjoined animals’ scapulae, two of which are pieced together by former scholars and the other thirteen by the author. Four of the writings belong to the Bin Group of the First Phase, which covers the reign of King Wu Ding; the other eleven belong to the Huang Group of the Fifth Phase, which covers the reign of Emperors Yi and Xin. These divination inscriptions predict the results of hunting activities and the activities’ influences on the balance of nature within the following ten days. Animals’ scapulae and tortoise plastrons are the two primary materials of the Shang Dynasty oracle bones unearthed so far
PRS8 Evaluation of the Association Between Statin Use and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation
No full text
A CeO <sub>2</sub> (100) surface reconstruction unveiled by in situ STEM and particle swarm optimization techniques
Full text linkThe reconstruction of the polar CeO
(100) surface has been a subject of long-standing debates due to its complexity and the limited availability of experimental data. Herein, we successfully reveal a CeO
(100)–(4 × 6) surface reconstruction by combining in situ spherical aberration–corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, density functional theory calculations, and a particle swarm optimization–based algorithm for structure searching. We have further elucidated the stabilizing mechanism of the reconstructed structure, which involves the splitting of the filled Ce(4f) states and the mixing of the lower-lying ones with the O(2p) orbitals, as evidenced by the projected density of states. We also reveal that the surface chemisorption properties toward water molecules, an important step in numerous heterogeneous catalytic reactions, are enhanced. These insights into the distinct properties of ceria surface pave the way for performance improvements of ceria in a wide range of applications..W. acknowledges the financial support of the national natural Science Foundationof china (51971202, 52025011, and 92045301), the Key Research and development Programof Zhejiang Province (2021c01003), the Zhejiang Provincial natural Science Foundation ofchina (ld19B030001), the Shanxi- Zheda institute of Advanced Materials and chemicalengineering, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the central Universities. W.Y.acknowledges the financial support of the national natural Science Foundation of china(52171019), the Zhejiang Provincial natural Science Foundation of china (lR23B030004), andthe national Key Research and development Program (2022YFA1505500). Z.-K.h.acknowledges the financial support of the national nature Science Foundation of china(22302173). M.v.G.-P. thanks the support of the Grant Pid2021-128915nB- i00 funded by Mcin/Aei/10.13039/501100011033 and by “eRdF A way of making europe.” Author contributions:conceptualization: S.l., Z.-K.h., W.Y.., h.Y., M.v.G.-P., and Y.W. Methodology: K.Z., G.l., S.l.,Z.- K.h., W.Y., and Y.W. investigation: K.Z., G.l., c.Z., S.c., and h.Y. visualization: K.Z., G.l., Z.-K.h.,Y.J., h.Y., and Y.W. Supervision: S.l., Z.-K.h., W.Y., h.Y., M.v.G.-P., and Y.W. Writing—original draft:K.Z. and Y.W. Writing—review and editing: K.Z., G.l., S.d.l., Z.- K.h., Y.J., W.Y., h.Y., M.v.G.- P., andY.W. Funding acquisition: Z.-K.h., W.Y., and Y.W. data curation: W.Y. validation: G.l., S.l., W.Y.,h.Y., and Y.W. Project administration: Z.-K.h., W.Y., and Y.W. Formal analysis: K.Z., G.l., S.l.,Z.- K.h., h.Y. Resources: S.l. and Y.W. Software: S.l
The origins and radiation of Australian Coptotermes termites: From rainforest to desert dwellers
No full textThe termite genus Coptotermes (Rhinotermitidae) is found in Asia, Africa, Central/South America and Australia, with greatest diversity in Asia. Some Coptotermes species are amongst the world’s most damaging invasive termites, but the genus is also significant for containing the most sophisticated mound-building termites outside the family Termitidae. These mound-building Coptotermes occur only in Australia. Despite its economic and evolutionary significance, the biogeographic history of the genus has not been well investigated, nor has the evolution of the Australian mound-building species. We present here the first phylogeny of the Australian Coptotermes to include representatives from all described species. We combined our new data with previously generated data to estimate the first phylogeny to include representatives from all continents where the genus is found. We also present the first estimation of divergence dates during the evolution of the genus. We found the Australian Coptotermes to be monophyletic and most closely related to the Asian Coptotermes, with considerable genetic diversity in some Australian taxa possibly representing undescribed species. The Australian mound-building species did not form a monophyletic clade. Our ancestral state reconstruction analysis indicated that the ancestral Australian Coptotermes was likely to have been a tree nester, and that mound-building behaviour has arisen multiple times. The Australian Coptotermes were found to have diversified ∼13 million years ago, which plausibly matches with the narrowing of the Arafura Sea allowing Asian taxa to cross into Australia. The first diverging Coptotermes group was found to be African, casting doubt on the previously raised hypothesis that the genus has an Asian origin
Border design
No full textThe 3145km long US-Mexican border is one of the longest and most intense borderlines in the world. The border twin cities, El Paso and Juarez, are unlike any of the US or Mexican cities. The two cities grow interdependently, asymmetrically and share lots of contrast. Particularly, crossing the border to shop is common in the region. Both countries have very rich market culture and the border communities could benefit a bigger market in terms of variety, quality and prices. Because of their contrast, cross-border activities could be daily and intense. However, the ports of entries are limited and they are the bottlenecks where influx of people flow getting congested. In average, people spent 1 to 2 hour every day to queue before entering the border checkpoints. Every year, every border crossers spent in total 480 hours waiting in line at the border checkpoints. This creates huge losses on time and money that the border crossers could have spent alternatively for enriching their lives. Therefore, the project proposes to broaden the neutral zone for a hybrid building that allows border crossers to double use their time, enjoying life on the “LINE”. A third program-a co-operative US-Mexican market would be introduced. It would provide a shared public space where commercial, social and cultural exchanges take place. In the end, the entire building design aims to create an integrated alternative experience of crossing the border.Architecture and The Built Environmentarchitectur
Living Laboratory
No full textOne enters the building from the dense city areas to the lawn and begins the transition into the protected botanic garden in the middle of the forest farm. It is a place abstracted from the world of traffic, noise, pollutions and density of the city area - an urban space within which to observe, sit, to walk, to enjoy with various natural elements like flowers, trees, and in addition, the additionally attracted insects and animals. All these will bring about unexpected encounter with nature into the space. The carefully chosen botanic products does not only provide precious samples for the production of knowledge and scientific development, but also produce an array of species, colors, seasonal blossoms, fragrances and textures which consume the general public’s corporeal senses. There are two roles of the building in the urban context – the proposed botanic garden. The first one is a gateway transiting from the man-made cityscape to the planned landscape. The opening – the gateway locating at the center of the building redirects contemplation towards the botanic world. The elongated homogeneous façade does not only direct one’s view towards the opening on the axis, but also erased the sensual connections between 2 sides of the landscape at the first impression to enhance a contrasting experience with the hidden garden behind. The second one is mainly achieved and realized on the other side of the building. The botanic garden is regarded as a natural carpet of an enjoyable atmosphere and the proposed architecture is a sloping platform – a mount where the public can climb up for an overview of the whole landscape and the planned garden layers. The botanic garden becomes the stage and the building as the theater seating. From the urban setting to the position of the building and finally to the materialization of the design, the idea of bring up a utopian vision of living is stitching up the stories boards – An living laboratory which produces knowledge as well as evolves with natural elements through time. There are schedule of accommodations and special requirements for the operation of a laboratory. The programs proposed and the related technical configurations provide a clue for design development, e.g. With its dual quality of form the construction of louvers of sun screening for lab offices can also be regarded as a stepping seating for the garden views. The timber louvers enclosed the whole architecture as an installation on the landscape. Timber is chosen as the main construction material in the hope of seeking a close connection with the nature. Components are assembled in a way to accommodate programs with various spatial qualities.Public Realm Studio, AnkaraArchitectureArchitectur
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