64,336 research outputs found
Rate-memory trade-off for the two-user broadcast caching network with correlated sources
No full textRate-Distortion-Memory Trade-Offs in Heterogeneous Caching Networks
No full textCaching at the wireless edge can be used to keep up with the increasing demand for high-definition wireless video streaming. By prefetching popular content into memory at wireless access points or end-user devices, requests can be served locally, relieving strain on expensive backhaul. In addition, using network coding allows the simultaneous serving of distinct cache misses via common coded multicast transmissions, resulting in significantly larger load reductions compared to those achieved with traditional delivery schemes. Most prior works simply treat video content as fixed-size files that users would like to fully download. This work is motivated by the fact that video can be coded in a scalable fashion and that the decoded video quality depends on the number of layers a user receives in sequence. Using a Gaussian source model, caching and coded delivery methods are designed to minimize the squared error distortion at end-user devices in a rate-limited caching network. The framework is very general and accounts for heterogeneous cache sizes, video popularities and user-file play-back qualities. As part of the solution, a new decentralized scheme for lossy cache-aided delivery subject to preset user distortion targets is proposed, which further generalizes prior literature to a setting with file heterogeneity
Rate-memory trade-off for caching and delivery of correlated sources
No full textThis paper studies the fundamental limits of content delivery in a cache-aided broadcast network for correlated content generated by a discrete memoryless source with arbitrary joint distribution. Each receiver is equipped with a cache of equal capacity, and the requested files are delivered over a shared error-free broadcast link. A class of achievable correlation-aware schemes based on a two-step source coding approach is proposed. Library files are first compressed, and then cached and delivered using a combination of multiple-request caching schemes that are agnostic to the content correlations. The first step uses Gray-Wyner source coding to represent the library via private descriptions and descriptions that are common to more than one file. The second step then becomes a multiple-request caching problem, where the demand structure is dictated by the configuration of the compressed library, and it is interesting in its own right. The performance of the proposed two-step scheme is evaluated by comparing its achievable rate with a lower bound on the optimal peak and average rate-memory trade-offs in a two-file multiple-receiver network, and in a three-file two-receiver network. Specifically, in a network with two files and two receivers, the achievable rate matches the lower bound for a significant memory regime and it is within half of the conditional entropy of files for all other memory values. In the three-file two-receiver network, the two-step strategy achieves the lower bound for large cache capacities, and it is within half of the joint entropy of two of the sources conditioned on the third one for all other cache sizes
Dataset used in the publication entitled "Origin of nucleation and growth of extension twins in grains unsuitably oriented for twinning during deformation of Mg-1%Al"
No full text<p>Documentation for the Dataset used in the publication entitled "Origin of nucleation and growth of extension twins in grains unsuitably oriented for twinning during deformation of Mg-1%Al"<br>** These datasets comprise the 2D data acquired in the Mg-1Al (at.%) alloy sample by means of in-situ EBSD, analyzed by MTEX 7.0 software. **<br>** The samples were deformed in tension and the test was periodically stopped to acquire the data. The in-situ EBSD data were acquired at tensile strains of 1.5%, 4.5%, 10.0%, and 15.3%.<br>** More details about the experimental techniques can be found in the publication "Biaobiao Yang, Javier Llorca, Origin of nucleation and growth of extension twins in grains unsuitably oriented for twinning during deformation of Mg-1%Al. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, 2024." **</p>
<p>1. Figs.1(B)_and_2_Grainsize_SF_Dataset.xlsx<br>- Description: The grain size and Schmid factors (SF) of various deformation modes acquired by in-situ EBSD before deformation<br>- Number of total grains: 4251 (rows == grains)<br>- Number of analyzed variables (features): 8 (columns == grain characteristics)</p>
<p>- Variable description by columns:<br> 1- (Grain_ID) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: grain identifier, unique per analyzed zone<br> 2- (Grain_size) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the equivalent circle diameter of a grain<br> 3- (SF_Basal) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: it represents the highest Schmid factor of <a> basal slip in each grain<br> 4- (SF_Prismatic) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: it represents the highest Schmid factor of <a> prismatic slip in each grain<br> 5- (SF_ET) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: it represents the highest Schmid factor of extension twinning (ET) slip in each grain<br> 6- (SF_<a>Pyramidal) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: it represents the highest Schmid factor of <a> pyramidal slip in each grain<br> 7- (SF_<c+a>Pyramidal) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: it represents the highest Schmid factor of <c+a> pyramidal I slip in each grain<br> 8- (SF_CT) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: it represents the highest Schmid factor of compression twinning (CT) in each grain</p>
<p>2. Fig.3(A)_Stress-strain_curves.xlsx<br>- Description: The true tensile stress-true strain curve of Mg-1Al alloy deformed along the extrusion direction<br>- Number of analyzed variables (features): 2 </p>
<p>- Variable description by columns:<br> 1- (True_Strain) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: True strain during deformation<br> 2- (True_Stress) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: True stress reached corresponding to given true strain</p>
<p>3. Fig.3(B)_Strain_Hardening-Rate-strain_curves.xlsx<br>- Description: The strain hardening rate-true strain curve of Mg-1Al alloy deformed in tension along the extrusion direction<br>- Number of analyzed variables (features): 2 </p>
<p>- Variable description by columns:<br> 1- (True_Strain) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: True strain during deformation<br> 2- (Strain_Hardening-Rate) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: Strain hardening rate at the given true strain</p>
<p>4. Fig.5_Features_anormalous_extension_twins.xlsx<br>- Description: Both twin and grain data were acquired by in-situ EBSD before and after deformation<br>- Number of total twins: 353 (rows == twins) in four sheets corresponding to four strains: 1.5%, 4.5%, 10.0%, and 15.3%.<br>- Number of analyzed variables (features): 6 (columns == twin characteristics)</p>
<p>- Variable description by columns:<br> 1- (Twin_ID) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: twin identifier, unique per analyzed zone<br> 2- (Aspect ratio of twin) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the length / width ratio of twin. More details can be found on the MTEX website (https://mtex-toolbox.github.io/grain2d.aspectRatio.html) <br> 3- (Twinned area fraction) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: it represents the area fraction of one twin in the corresponding parent grain. The value of 1 indicates that the full parent grain is occupied by this twin<br> 4- (Twinning Schmid factor) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the twinning Schmid factor based on the loading condition, orientation of the parent grain and twinning variants information<br> 5- (Twin variants) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the active twin variant was identified by means of conventional twinning analysis based on the orientations of twin and corresponding parent grain<br> 1: (ET1) (-1 0 1 2)[1 0 -1 1]<br> 2: (ET2) (1 0 -1 2)[-1 0 1 1]<br> 3: (ET3) (1 -1 0 2)[-1 1 0 1]<br> 4: (ET4) (-1 1 0 2)[1 -1 0 1]<br> 5: (ET5) (0 1 -1 2)[0 -1 1 1]<br> 6: (ET6) (0 -1 1 2)[0 1 -1 1]<br> 6- (Twin variant Schmid factor ranking) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the twinning Schmid factor ranking of active twin variant among 6 possible twin variants; the Schmid factor decreased from 1 to 6<br> 1: 1st (the highest Schmid factor for extension twinning)<br> 2: 2nd<br> 3: 3rd<br> 4: 4th<br> 5: 5th<br> 6: 6th (the lowest Schmid factor for extension twinning)</p>
<p>5. Fig.8(A)_Twin_twin_m_prime.xlsx<br>- Description: Both twin and grain data were acquired by in-situ EBSD before and after deformation up to 10.0%<br>- Number of twin-twin pairs: 17 (rows)<br>- Number of analyzed variables (features): 12 (columns)</p>
<p>- Variable description by columns: <br> 1- (Twin1_ID) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the ID of the incoming twin of one twin-twin pair. Note that for one twin-twin pair, the twin with a higher macroscopic twinning Schmid factor is considered to be the incoming one<br> 2- (Grain1_ID) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the ID of parent grain nucleating the incoming twin<br> 3- (Twin1_SF) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the twinning Schmid factor of incoming twin based on the loading condition, orientation of parent grain and twinning variants information<br> 4- (Twin1_variant) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the active twin variant was identified by means of conventional twinning analysis based on the orientations of the twin and corresponding parent grain<br> 1: (ET1) (-1 0 1 2)[1 0 -1 1]<br> 2: (ET2) (1 0 -1 2)[-1 0 1 1]<br> 3: (ET3) (1 -1 0 2)[-1 1 0 1]<br> 4: (ET4) (-1 1 0 2)[1 -1 0 1]<br> 5: (ET5) (0 1 -1 2)[0 -1 1 1]<br> 6: (ET6) (0 -1 1 2)[0 1 -1 1]<br> 5- (Twin2_ID) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the ID of outgoing twin of one twin-twin pair<br> 6- (Grain2_ID) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the ID of parent grain nucleating the outgoing twin<br> 7- (Twin2_SF) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the twinning Schmid factor of the outgoing twin<br> 8- (Twin2_variant) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the ranking of active outgoing twin systems with the same definition as column 4<br> 9- (Theoretical m prime) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the m prime values between the grain with the incoming twin variant and 6 possible twin variants in grain having the outgoing twin <br> 10- (GB misorientation angle) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the grain boundary misorientation (i.e., disorientation angle) angle between grains activating incoming and outgoing twins. The unit is degree<br> 11- (True m prime) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the m prime values between the grain with the incoming twin variant and the grain with the outgoing twin variant<br> 12- (m prime ranking_Active twin) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the m prime ranking of active twin among 6 values of theoretical m primes<br> 1: 1st (the highest m prime)<br> 2: 2nd<br> 3: 3rd<br> 4: 4th<br> 5: 5th<br> 6: 6th (the lowest m prime)</p>
<p>6. Fig.8(B)_Slip_twin_m_prime.xlsx<br>- Description: Both twin and grain data were acquired by in-situ EBSD before and after deformation up to 10.0%. The active slip system was identified by slip traces - modified lattice rotation (ST-MLRA). <br>- Number of slip-twin pairs: 84 (rows)<br>- Number of analyzed variables (features): 8 (columns)</p>
<p>- Variable description by columns: <br> 1- (Parent grain_ID) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the ID of parent grain nucleating the extension twin <br> 2- (Twin SF) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the twinning Schmid factor of the active twin. Note that several extension twins may exist in one grain, so there are several instances of the same grain ID but different twins in the database<br> 3- (Twin variant) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the active twin variant was identified by means of conventional twinning analysis based on the orientations of the twin and corresponding parent grain<br> 1: (ET1) (-1 0 1 2)[1 0 -1 1]<br> 2: (ET2) (1 0 -1 2)[-1 0 1 1]<br> 3: (ET3) (1 -1 0 2)[-1 1 0 1]<br> 4: (ET4) (-1 1 0 2)[1 -1 0 1]<br> 5: (ET5) (0 1 -1 2)[0 -1 1 1]<br> 6: (ET6) (0 -1 1 2)[0 1 -1 1]<br> 4- (Neighboring grain_ID) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the ID of neighboring grain near the appeared extension twin <br> 5- (SF_basal) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the Schmid factor of active <a> basal slip system identified by ST-MLRA for the neighboring grain<br> 6- (Active_Basal slip) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the active <a> basal slip system identified by ST-MLRA for the neighboring grain<br> 1: (S1) (0 0 0 1)[-2 1 1 0]<br> 2: (S2) (0 0 0 1)[1 1 -2 0]<br> 3: (S3) (0 0 0 1)[1 -2 1 0]<br> 7- (Theoretical m prime) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the m prime values between the neighboring grain with the active <a> basal slip system and 6 possible twin variants in grain having the active twin <br> 8- (True m prime) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the m prime values between the neighboring grain with the active <a> basal slip system and the grain with the active twin variant</p>
<p>7. Figs.8(C-D)_Correlation_twin_grainArea_basalSlipSF.xlsx<br>- Description: Summary of grain size, max. basal slip Schmid factor for all 555 grains before deformation, as well as the IDs of twinned grains after 1.5% and 10.0% tension<br>- Number of grains: 555 (rows) for all grains<br>- Number of analyzed variables (features): 5 (columns)</p>
<p>- Variable description by columns: <br> 1- (Grain_ID) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the IDs of all grains before deformation <br> 2- (Grain_size) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the equivalent circle diameter of all the grains before deformation <br> 3- (Max. Basal slip SF) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: the maximum of <a> basal slip Schmid factor for all the grains before deformation<br> 4- (Grain_ID_1.5%) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the IDs of all twinned grains after deformation up to 1.5%<br> 5- (Grain_ID_10.0%) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: the IDs of all twinned grains after deformation up to 10.0% </p>
<p>8. Fig.11(A)_Grain_level_misorientation_angle.xlsx<br>- Description: misorientation angles of several grains subjected to different strains </p>
<p>9. Fig.11(B)_Grain_level_longitudinal_strain.xlsx<br>- Description: Lengths as well as longitudinal strains of several grains subjected to different strains </p>
<p>10. Fig.14_Raw_grain_length_and_Longitudinal_strain.xlsx<br>- Description: Raw data regarding the characteristics of twinned grains at various strain levels. <br> The grain size shown here is defined as the equivalent circle diameter. <br> And the grain length along the tensile direction is defined by the product of pixel number of one grain and the step size (0.5 μm). <br> Note that for some unfortunate grains, their spatial locations are near the edge of EBSD before or after deformation, thus their size characteristics are unknown. <br> One additional untwined grain G132 shown in Fig. 9 was also included in this table. <br>- Number of grains: 72 (rows) for all twinned grains; 67 grains after removing the twinned grains near the EBSD edge<br>- Number of analyzed variables (features): 12 (columns)</p>
<p>- Variable description by columns:<br> 1- (Twinned grains ID) - type: G (grain) + numerical (integer)<br> Description: The IDs of all twinned grains before deformation <br> 2- (Near edge?) - type: text (str)<br> Description: Yes: grain near the edge; No: grain not near the edge<br> 3- (Grain size (μm)) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: The equivalent circle diameter (in micrometers) of the grain before deformation<br> 4-8- Raw grain length along the tension direction (μm)) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: Raw grain lengths along the tension direction (μm) before deformation and at various macroscopic strain levels<br> 9-12- (Logitutational strain) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: Logitutational strain along the tension direction after deformed to various strain levels</p>
<p>11. Raw EBSD files in .ctf<br>- Description: 0-4 refer to 0%, 1.5%, 4.5%, 10.0% and 15.3%, respectively. </p>
Exploring the popularity of raw meat-based diets for dogs and cats: A cross-sectional opinion survey in Spain
No full textAuthor Contributions:
Conceptualisation: David Díaz-Regañón, Celia Llorca and Mercedes García-Sancho. Literature review and questionnaire development: David Díaz-Regañón, Celia Llorca and Mercedes García-Sancho. Investigation: David Díaz-Regañón, Celia Llorca and Mercedes García-Sancho. Data formatting and analysis: David Díaz-Regañón and Mercedes García-Sancho. Writing—original draft preparation: David Díaz-Regañón, Celia Llorca and Mercedes García-Sancho. Writing—review and editing: Ángel Sainz, Fernando Rodríguez-Franco, Alejandra Villaescusa and Patricia Olmeda. Project administration: Mercedes García-Sancho. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Background:
Research on the general public's knowledge and usage patterns of pet food, particularly regarding raw meat-based diets (RMBDs), is limited in many countries, including Spain.
Methods:
An anonymous cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted to assess the Spanish population's understanding and perceptions of RMBDs for cats and dogs.
Results:
Of the 712 respondents, 46.77% were familiar with RMBDs, and 6% of pet owners reported using them. Dogs (7.61%) were more likely to be fed an RMBDs than cats (3.23%). While 66% of those familiar with RMBDs believed in their benefits, 96.40% recognised potential disadvantages. Concerns about risks to pets (63%) and those handling the food items (44.74%) were noted. Moreover, almost one in four owners (22.58%) who fed their pet an RMBDs lived with immunologically vulnerable people. Interestingly, confidence in veterinary advice was lower among owners using these diets.
Limitations:
Limitations intrinsic to questionnaire studies, such as potential response bias, are acknowledged.
Conclusion:
The study highlights the importance of improved veterinarian‒client communication regarding pet nutrition, emphasising the need for veterinarians to play a more active educational role.Depto. de Medicina y Cirugía AnimalFac. de VeterinariaTRUEpu
Author Correction: Validating a breast cancer score in Spanish women. The MCC-Spain study (Scientific Reports, (2018), 8, 1, (3036), 10.1038/s41598-018-20832-0)
No full textDierssen-Sotos, T., Gómez-Acebo, I., Palazuelos, C., Fernández-Navarro, P., Altzibar, J.M., González-Donquiles, C., Ardanaz, E., Bustamante, M., Alonso-Molero, J., Vidal, C., Bayo-Calero, J., Tardón, A., Salas, D., Marcos-Gragera, R., Moreno, V., Rodriguez-Cundin, P., Castaño-Vinyals, G., Ederra, M., Vilorio-Marqués, L., Amiano, P., Pérez-Gómez, B., Aragonés, N., Kogevinas, M., Pollán, M., Llorca, J
Analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances in food and evironmental matrices
No full text[eng] Per- and poly- fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a group of manmade substances synthesised for more than 60 years. Due to their specific properties, PFASs have been widely used for industrial applications including: electronics, textiles, food packaging, flame retardant formulae and laboratory tools, among others. However, it was during the last fifteen years ago that interest for this group of compounds as environmental pollutants was initiated. Due to their high release levels into the environment, stability and accumulation, PFASs have been found ubiquitous in the environment and in biota.
In this context, the main goal of this doctoral PhD thesis was the study of the occurrence, fate and behaviour of a wide range of PFASs in the environment, in food and, finally, in some human matrices. In addition, the physicochemical properties studies and the aerobic biodegradation experiments of 3 perfluoroalkyl phosphonic acids were also evaluated.
Therefore, the first specific objective was the development of different analytical methods to study a wide range of PFASs in selected matrices. The analytical methods have been based on the use of on-line chromatography and off-line extraction, followed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.
These methods have been employed to assess the presence of PFASs in different type of waters from different steps along the water cycle, and also in fish and other food commodities. And finally, the PFAS accumulation in human samples was studied in cord blood and breast milk.
This work is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is the general introduction and the objectives of this PhD Thesis. In the introduction, different aspects are revised, such as synthesis and global production, environmental fate and occurrence, human accumulation, toxicology, regulations and future trends.
Chapters 2, 3, 4 and 5 present the experimental work undertaken during this research. Each chapter has been divided into a specific introduction, results (presented through the corresponding publications) and discussion. Part of the results contained in Chapters 2 and 5 correspond to the experimental work carried out in the laboratory of Prof. Dr. Thomas P. Knepper (Hochschule Fresenius, Idstein, Germany) during a four month research internship, a part of the European Doctoral Programme.
Chapter 6 contains the general conclusions. Finally, a small summary in Catalan is presented.
The cited literature and indexes for tables and figures can be found at the end of this work, as well as the list of publications produced along the duration of the pre-doctoral studies, but which are not presented in this thesis.
The distribution of the publications included in this Thesis is the following:
Chapter 2: Environmental occurrence
Publication 1: “Analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances in waters from Germany and Spain.” Llorca, M., Farré, M., Picó, Y., Müller, J., Knepper, T. P. and Barceló, D. (2012). Science of The Total Environment, 431(0): 139-150.
Publication 2: “Analysis of perfluorinated compounds in sewage sludge by pressurized solvent extraction followed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.” Llorca, M; Farré, M; Picó, Y; Barceló,D; (2011). Journal of Chromatography A, 1218 (30) 4840-4846.
Publication 3: “Fate of a broad spectrum of perfluorinated compounds in soils and biota from Tierra del Fuego and Antarctica.” Llorca, M., Farré, M., Tavano, M. S., Alonso, B., Koremblit, G. and Barceló, D. (2012). Environmental Pollution 163(0): 158-166.
Chapter 3: PFASs in food
Publication 4: “Development and validation of a pressurized liquid extraction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for perfluorinated compounds determination in fish.” Llorca, M., Farré, M., Picó, Y., and Barceló, D. (2009). Journal of Chromatography A 1216(43): 7195-7204.
Publication 5: “Study of the performance of three LC-MS/MS platforms for analysis of perfluorinated compounds.” Llorca, M., Farré, M., Picó, Y., and Barceló, D. (2010) Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 398(3): 1145-1159.
Publication 6: “Infant exposure of perfluorinated compounds: Levels in breast milk and commercial baby food.” Llorca, M., Farré, M., Picó, Y., Teijón, M. L., Álvarez, J. G. and Barceló, D. (2010). Environment International 36(6): 584-592.
Chapter 4: PFASs accumulation in humans
Publication 7: “Analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances in cord blood by turbulent flow chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.” Llorca, M., Pérez, F., Farré, M., Agramunt, S., Kogevinas, M. and Barceló, D. (2012). Science of The Total Environment 433(0): 151-160.[cat] Les substàncies per- i poli- fluorades (PFASs) són d’origen antropogènic. Aquest ampli grup de compostos s’ha sintetitzat durant més de 60 anys. Degut a les seves propietats específiques s’utilitzen encara en l’actualitat en diferents aplicacions industrials tals com: electrònica, recobriments tèxtils, embolcall d’aliments, escumes ignífugues i material de laboratori entre d’altres. No obstant, no ha estat fins els últims 15 anys quan a aquests compostos se’ls ha començat a considerar contaminants ambientals. Degut als nivells que es troben en el medi ambient, l’estabilitat i l’acumulació que presenten, aquests anàlits tenen una distribució global en el medi i en biota.
En aquest context, el principal objectiu d’aquesta tesi doctoral ha estat l’estudi de la presència, destí i comportament d’un ampli grup de PFASs (13 àcids prfluoroalquílics, 4 perfluorosulfats, 1 perfluorosulfonamida i 3 àcids perfluorofosfònics) en el medi ambient, aliments i, finalment, en algunes matrius humanes. En paral•lel a l’estudi dels esmentats treballs, s’han realitzat en experiments per determinar algunes de les propietats fisicoquímiques i la possible biodegradació aeròbica de 3 àcids perfluorofosfònics.
Per aquest motiu, el primer objectiu específic ha esta el desenvolupament de diferents mètodes analítics per a l’estudi d’aquests anàlits en les matrius seleccionades. Els mètodes analítics desenvolupats han inclòs tant mètodes d’extracció fora de línia com de cromatografia en línia, seguit d’una separació per cromatografia líquida acoblada en tàndem a l’espectrometria de masses.
Aquests mètodes han estat utilitzats per al posterior estudi de la presència de PFASs en diferents mostres d’aigua provinents de tot el cicle de l’aigua així com peix i altres aliments. Finalment, l’acumulació de PFASs en humans s’ha estudiat a partir de l’anàlisi de mostres de sang de cordó umbilical i llet materna
Dataset used in the publication entitled "Application of machine learning to assess the influence of microstructure on twin nucleation in Mg alloys"
No full text<p>Documentation for the Dataset used in the publication entitled "Application of machine learning to assess the influence of microstructure on twin nucleation in Mg alloys" <br>** These datasets comprise the 2D EBSD data acquired in the Mg-1Al (at.%) alloy and AZ31 Mg alloy, analyzed with MTEX 7.0 software. **<br>** More details about the experimental techniques can be found in the publication "Biaobiao Yang, Valentin Vassilev-Galindo, Javier Llorca, Application of machine learning to assess the influence of microstructure on twin nucleation in Mg alloys. npj Computational Materials, 2024." **</p>
<p>1. AZ31_ML.xlsx<br>- Description: Both twin and grain data were acquired by EBSD from AZ31 Mg sample before and after deformation at the same area<br>- Number of grains: 2640 (rows == grains) corresponding to three samples deformed in different orientations: S0, S45, and S90<br>- Number of analyzed variables (features): 31 (columns == grain characteristics)</p>
<p>- Variable description by columns:<br> 1- (Twinned) - type: boolean<br> Description: Indicates if the grain twinned or not after deformation<br> 0: non-twinned grain<br> 1: twinned grain<br> 2- (Orientation) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: The loading (tensile) direction with respect to the c axis of lattice<br> 3- (Strain_level) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: The maximum strain level after deformation <br> 4- (Grain_size) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: The equivalent circle diameter (in micrometers) of the grain before deformation.<br> 5- (Triple_points) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: The number of triple points of the grain before deformation <br> 6- (Near_edge) - type: boolean<br> Description: Indicates if the grain is located near the edge of the 2D EBSD or not. This feature was used to filter out from the final dataset the grains near the edge of the sample. Hence, only those entries with Near_edge value of 0 were used to train and test the machine learning models. <br> 0: not near the EBSD edge<br> 1: near the EBSD edge<br> 7-12- (T_SF*) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: The twinning Schmid factor based on the loading condition, orientation of parent grain and twin variants information.<br> T_SF1: The highest Schmid factor of extension twinning<br> T_SF2: The 2nd highest ... <br> T_SF3: 3rd<br> T_SF4: 4th<br> T_SF5: 5th<br> T_SF6: The lowest Schmid factor of extension twinning<br> 13-15- (S_SF*) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: The Schmid factor for <a> basal slip based on the loading condition, orientation of parent grain, and slip system information. Only the <a> basal slip system is considered because it is the dominant deformation slip system in Mg during deformation.<br> S_SF1: The highest Schmid factor of <a> basal slip<br> S_SF2: The second highest or the middle Schmid factor of <a> basal slip <br> S_SF3: The lowest Schmid factor of <a> basal slip<br> 16- (Neighbor_grain_n) - type: numerical (integer)<br> Description: The number of neighbors of the grain before deformation. <br> 17-19- (B-b_m) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: The Luster-Morris geometric compatibility factor (m') between the <a> basal slip systems of the grain and its neighbors. Although there are 3 possible <a> basal slip systems, only the one with the highest Schmid factor was considered to compute m′. Only maximum, minimum, and mean values were included in the dataset.<br> (Max_B-b_m): The highest basal - basal m' between the grain and its neighbors <br> (Min_B-b_m): The lowest basal - basal m' between the grain and its neighbors <br> (Mean_B-b_m): The average basal - basal m' between the grain and its neighbors<br> 20-22- (B-t_m) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: The Luster-Morris geometric compatibility factor (m') between the 6 extension twin variants of the grain and the <a> basal slip systems of its neighbors. Although there are 3 possible <a> basal slip systems, only the one with the highest Schmid factor was considered to compute m'. However, all 6 twinning variants have been considered, given that slip induced twinning is a localized process. Only maximum, minimum, and mean values were included in the dataset.<br> (Max_B-t_m): The highest basal - twin m' between the grain and its neighbors <br> (Min_B-t_m): The lowest basal - twin m' between the grain and its neighbors<br> (Mean_B-t_m): The average basal - twin m' between the grain and its neighbors<br> 23-25- (GB_misang) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: The misorientation angle (in º) between the grain and its neighbors. In fact, disorientation angle is used for the misorientation angle. Only maximum, minimum, and mean values were included in the dataset.<br> (Max_GBmisang): The highest GB misorientation angle between the grain and its neighbors <br> (Min_GBmisang): The lowest GB misorientation angle between the grain and its neighbors<br> (Mean_GBmisang): The average GB misorientation angle between the grain and its neighbors<br> 26-28- (delta_Gs) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: Grain size difference (in micrometers) between a given grain and its neighbors. The grain size is calculated as the diameter of a circular grain with the same area of the grain. Only maximum, minimum, and mean values were included in the dataset.<br> (Max_deltaGs): The highest grain size difference between the grain and its neighbors<br> (Min_deltaGs): The smallest grain size difference between the grain and its neighbors<br> (Mean_deltaGs): The average grain size difference between the grain and its neighbors<br> 29-31- (delta_BSF) - type: numerical (float)<br> Description: The difference in the <a> basal slip Schmid factor between a given grain and its neighbors. Only the highest <a> basal slip Schmid factor is considered. Only maximum, minimum, and mean values were included in the dataset.<br> (Max_deltaBSF): The highest basal SF difference between the grain and its neighbors<br> (Min_deltaBSF): The smallest basal SF difference between the grain and its neighbors <br> (Mean_deltaBSF): The average basal SF difference between the grain and its neighbors</p>
<p>2. Mg1Al_ML.xlsx<br>- Description: Both twin and grain data were acquired by EBSD from Mg-1Al (at.%) sample before and after deformation at the same area<br>- Number of grains: 1496 (rows == grains) corresponding to two true strain levels: ~6%, and ~10%.<br>- Number of analyzed variables (features): 31 (columns == grain characteristics)</p>
<p>- Variable descriptions by columns are the same as those of AZ31_ML.xlsx</p>
La representación del paisaje sonoro en el proceso de diseño arquitectónico
No full text[EN] Insight is one of the main phases of the architectural design process. Throughout history, various methods have been used to address this crucial phase. In this study, a soundscape is proposed as a generator of project ideas. To explore this new approach, a teaching experience was carried out with architecture students and the results were analysed in terms of satisfaction and the designs that were generated. The results show the educational capacity of the method, the impact on subjective assessment of phenomena in the architectural environment and its applicability, regardless of the previous musical level of the students.[ES] La gestación de la idea o “insight” es una de las principales fases del proceso de diseño arquitectónico. A lo largo de la historia se han utilizado diversos métodos para abordar esta fase tan crucial. En este estudio se propone el paisaje sonoro como generador de ideas de proyecto. Para explorar este nuevo enfoque se ha realizado una experiencia docente en estudiantes de arquitectura y se han analizado los resultados tanto de satisfacción como de los diseños generados. Los resultados muestran la capacidad pedagógica del método, el impacto en la valoración subjetiva de los fenómenos del entorno arquitectónico y su aplicabilidad independientemente del nivel musical previo de los alumnos.Llorca-Bofí, J.; Llorca-Bofí, V.; Redondo Domínguez, E. (2019). Representation of the soundscape in the architectural design process. EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. 24(37):192-203. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2019.11780OJS1922032437Armesto, A. and Llorca-Bofí, J. (2018) 'The Plan and the Score: The Analytic Drawing on the Elements of Architecture and Music', in Castaño Perea, E. and Echeverria Valiente, E. (eds) Architectural Draughtsmanship. EGA 2016. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58856-8_72Augusta McMahon, A. (2013) 'Space, Sound, and Light: Toward a Sensory Experience of Ancient Monumental Architecture', American Journal of Archaeology. Archaeological Institute of America, 117(2), p. 163. https://doi.org/10.3764/aja.117.2.0163Booth, N. K. (1983) Basic Elements of Landscape Architectural Design - Norman K. Booth - Google Libros. Long Grove: Waveland Press.Clerc González, G. (2003) La arquitectura es música congelada.Fowler, M. (2010) 'The Ephemeral Architecture of Stockhausen's Pole für 2', Organised Sound. Cambridge University Press, 15(3), pp. 185-197. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355771810000269Fowler, M. D. (2013) 'Soundscape as a design strategy for landscape architectural praxis', Design Studies. Elsevier Ltd, 34(1), pp. 111-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2012.06.001Ghiselin, B. (1985) The creative process : a symposium. University of California Press.Herbert, G. (1966) 'The architectural design process', The British Journal of Aesthetics, 6(2), p. 152. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjaesthetics/6.2.152Jansson, D. G. and Smith, S. M. (1991) 'Design fixation', Design Studies. Elsevier, 12(1), pp. 3-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-694X(91)90003-FLiikkanen, L. A. and Perttula, M. (2010) 'Inspiring design idea generation: insights from a memory-search perspective', Journal of Engineering Design. Taylor & Francis , 21(5), pp. 545-560. https://doi.org/10.1080/09544820802353297Llorca-Bofí, J., Redondo, E. and Vorländer, M. (2019) 'Learning Room Acoustics by Design: A Project-Based Experience', International Journal of Engineering Education, 35(1B), pp. 417-423. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579130Llorca, J. and Llorca, D. (2010) 'La Tourette y Metastaseis : de cómo ordena el material un arquitecto y un músico.', Circuito de Arquitectura, 1(7), pp. 5-16.Llorca Bofí, J. (2014) The generative, analytic and instructional capacities of sound in architecture: fundamentals, tools and evaluation of a design methodology. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya.Moreno Soriano, S. (2008) Arquitectura y Música en el siglo XX. Fundación. Barcelona.Norberg-Schulz, C. (1965) Intentions in architecture. Cambridge: M. I. T. Press.O'Doherty, E. F. (1963) 'Psychological aspects of the creative act', in Conference on Design Methods. London: Pergamon Press.Olgyay, V., Olgyay, A., Lyndon, D., Olgyay, V. W., Reynolds, J. and Yeang, K. (1963) Design with climate : bioclimatic approach to architectural regionalism. Princeton University Press.Pallasmaa, J. (2012) The eyes of the skin : architecture and the senses. Wiley.Palmese, C. and Carles, J. L. (2005) 'Música y Arquitectura', Scherzo, 193(1).Perttula, M. and Sipilä, P. (2007) 'The idea exposure paradigm in design idea generation', Journal of Engineering Design. Taylor & Francis , 18(1), pp. 93-102. https://doi.org/10.1080/09544820600679679Sheridan, T. and Van Lengen, K. (2003) 'Hearing Architecture', Journal of Architectural Education. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 57(2), pp. 37-44. https://doi.org/10.1162/104648803770558978Sio, U. N., Kotovsky, K. and Cagan, J. (2015) 'Fixation or inspiration? A meta-analytic review of the role of examples on design processes', Design Studies. Elsevier, 39, pp. 70-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2015.04.004Vasconcelos, L. A. and Crilly, N. (2016) 'Inspiration and fixation: Questions, methods, findings, and challenges', Design Studies. Elsevier, 42, pp. 1-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2015.11.001Xenakis, I. (2008) Music and architecture : architectural projects, texts, and realizations. Hillsdale: Pendragon Press
A 2 h periodic variation in the low-mass X-ray binary Ser X-1
No full textSpectroscopy of the low-mass X-ray binary Ser X-1 using the Gran Telescopio Canarias have revealed a ?2 h periodic variability that is present in the three strongest emission lines. We tentatively interpret this variability as due to orbital motion, making it the first indication of the orbital period of Ser X-1. Together with the fact that the emission lines are remarkably narrow, but still resolved, we show that a main-sequence K dwarf together with a canonical 1.4 M? neutron star gives a good description of the system. In this scenario, the most likely place for the emission lines to arise is the accretion disc, instead of a localized region in the binary (such as the irradiated surface or the stream-impact point), and their narrowness is due instead to the low inclination (?10°) of Ser X-1
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