638 research outputs found
In Vivo Fast Induction of Homogeneous Autopolyploids via Callus in Sour Jujube (Ziziphus acidojujuba Cheng et Liu)
No full textAbstractPolyploidization has been demonstrated as a very effective approach in fruit tree improvement. Sour jujube (Ziziphus acidojujuba Cheng et Liu) is a promising diploid wild, traditional fruit species (2n = 2x = 24) that is rich in vitamin C, which is the main rootstock of Chinese jujube (Z. jujuba Mill.). The novel method we developed for rapid in vivo induction of homogeneous autopolyploids (IVIHA) via callus in Chinese jujube was first applied and further optimized in sour jujube. Under optimized conditions, an average of one pure autotetraploid shoot could be regenerated from one treated branch, thereby indicating a relatively high efficiency rate. A total of 9 pure autotetraploid genotypes were created, and one of these was released as a new cultivar named ‘Zhuguang’ in 2015. Moreover, unexpected octoploids and hexaploids were also simultaneously created and detected. The leaves of tetraploids were thicker, broader, and darker in color than those of the original diploids, whereas the leaf sizes of octoploids were much smaller compared to that of diploids. However, stoma size increased with the occurrence of ploidy, mainly from diploid to octoploid. The well grown ploidies of jujube included diploids, triploids, and tetraploids. Anatomical observation indicated that adventitious buds/shoots emerged from the callus that formed on the cut, which was then followed by the development of connective vascular tissues between the adventitious bud and the stock plant tissue. This study demonstrates the universality of the IVIHA method that was initially developed in Chinese jujube, as well as provides a foundation for high-efficiency pure polyploid induction in sour jujube
Advances and prospects: Biotechnologically improving crop water use efficiency
No full textBio-water saving can be defined as the reduction of crop water consumption employing biological measures. This is the focus of efforts to save water in agriculture. Different levels of water-use efficiency (WUE) have been developed. The genetic diversity of WUE has been confirmed in several crops. WUE is the basis of bio-watering and physiological WUE is the key. The degree to develop physiological WUE potential decides the performance of bio-watering in the field. During this process, fine management is important. Thus bio-watering is closely related to WUE. Crop WUE has improved and evolved as a result of breeding programs. Many WUE genes have been located in different genomic and aneuploid materials and have been mapped by various molecular markers in a number of crops. Two genes, (Erecta and alx8), which control water use efficiency; have been cloned in Arabidopsis thaliana. Eleven WUE genes have been identified by microarray analysis. Six genes associated with drought resistance and photosynthesis have been transfered into crops which have resulted in improving WUE and drought resistance. WUE is important on the basis of functional identification of more drought resistant gene resources. The popularity on the industrial-scale of transgenic plants is still in its infancy and one of the reasons for this is the lack of knowledge regarding molecular mechanisms and it is a very immature technology. Enhanced agricultural practices and the theoretical aspects of improving crop WUE have been developed and are discussed in this review paper. Rapid progress will be made in bio-water savings and that crop WUE can be substantially improved under both favorable and unfavorable water-limited environments. This will be achieved by a combination of traditional breeding techniques and the introduction of modern biotechnologyBio-water saving can be defined as the reduction of crop water consumption employing biological measures. This is the focus of efforts to save water in agriculture. Different levels of water-use efficiency (WUE) have been developed. The genetic diversity of WUE has been confirmed in several crops. WUE is the basis of bio-watering and physiological WUE is the key. The degree to develop physiological WUE potential decides the performance of bio-watering in the field. During this process, fine management is important. Thus bio-watering is closely related to WUE. Crop WUE has improved and evolved as a result of breeding programs. Many WUE genes have been located in different genomic and aneuploid materials and have been mapped by various molecular markers in a number of crops. Two genes, (Erecta and alx8), which control water use efficiency; have been cloned in Arabidopsis thaliana. Eleven WUE genes have been identified by microarray analysis. Six genes associated with drought resistance and photosynthesis have been transfered into crops which have resulted in improving WUE and drought resistance. WUE is important on the basis of functional identification of more drought resistant gene resources. The popularity on the industrial-scale of transgenic plants is still in its infancy and one of the reasons for this is the lack of knowledge regarding molecular mechanisms and it is a very immature technology. Enhanced agricultural practices and the theoretical aspects of improving crop WUE have been developed and are discussed in this review paper. Rapid progress will be made in bio-water savings and that crop WUE can be substantially improved under both favorable and unfavorable water-limited environments. This will be achieved by a combination of traditional breeding techniques and the introduction of modern biotechnolog
linyuehzzz/semantic_address_matching: Semantic address matching
No full textA Deep Learning Architecture for Semantic Address Matching
Codes in this repository are for our IJGIS paper A Deep Learning Architecture for Semantic Address Matching.
Citations
@article{Lin+Kang+Wu+Du+Liu:2019,
author = {Yue Lin and Mengjun Kang and Yuyang Wu and Qingyun Du and Tao Liu},
title = {A deep learning architecture for semantic address matching},
journal = {International Journal of Geographical Information Science},
volume = {0},
number = {0},
pages = {1-18},
year = {2019},
publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
doi = {10.1080/13658816.2019.1681431}
}
Data
Data are available at:
Shenzhen address corpus (part)
Semantic address matching dataset
Details
Below is an overview of each file in this repository.
geo_config.py Hyperparameter settings for the ESIM
geo_data_prepare.py Tokenize the corpus and convert each address element into index
geo_data_processor.py Process the labeled address dataset and divide it into training, development and test sets
geo_ESIM.py Implementation of the enhanced sequential inference model (ESIM)
geo_similarity.py Calculate statistical characteristics of the labeled address dataset
geo_test.py Output predictive results of the ESIM on the test set
geo_token.py Tokenize with the Jieba library
geo_train.py Train the ESIM and evaluate its accuracy on the development set
geo_word2vec.py Train word vectors of address elements
other_CRF.py Tokenize using CRF [Comber, S.; Arribas-Bel, D. (2019) "Machine learning innovations in address matching: A practical comparison of word2vec and CRFs". Transactions in GIS, 23 (2): 334–348.]
other_crf_w2v.py Train word vectors of address elements (CRF tokenizer)
other_string.py String similarity-based address matching methods: measure the string relevance
other_w2v_cls.py Use word2vec embeddings directly for classification: calculat cosine similarity
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Autotetraploidization Alters Morphology, Photosynthesis, Cytological Characteristics and Fruit Quality in Sour Jujube (Ziziphus acidojujuba Cheng et Liu)
No full textArtificially induced polyploidization is one of the most effective techniques for improving the biological properties and creating new cultivars of fruit trees. Up to now, systematic research on the autotetraploid of sour jujube (Ziziphus acidojujuba Cheng et Liu) has not been reported. ‘Zhuguang’ is the first released autotetraploid sour jujube induced with colchicine. The objective of this study was to compare the differences in the morphological, cytological characteristics, and fruit quality between diploid and autotetraploid. Compared with the original diploid, ‘Zhuguang’ showed dwarf phenotypes and decreased tree vigor. The sizes of the flowers, pollen, stomata, and leaves of ‘Zhuguang’ were larger. Perceptible darker green leaves were observed in ‘Zhuguang’ trees owing to increased chlorophyll contents, which led to higher photosynthesis efficiency and bigger fruit. The pollen activities and the contents of ascorbic acid, titratable acid, and soluble sugar in the autotetraploid were lower than those in diploids. However, the cyclic adenosine monophosphate content in autotetraploid fruit was significantly higher. The sugar/acid ratio of autotetraploid fruit was higher than that of diploid fruit, which made the autotetraploid fruit taste different and better. The results indicated that the autotetraploid we generated in sour jujube could greatly meet the goals of our multi-objective optimized breeding strategies for improving sour jujube, which includes tree dwarfing, increased photosynthesis efficiency, and better nutrient values and flavors as well as more bioactive compounds. Needless to say, the autotetraploid can also serve as material for generating valuable triploids or other types of polyploids and are also instrumental in studying the evolution of both sour jujube and Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)
Clinical Value of Vascular Cancer Thrombus and Myometrial Invasion Combined with Tumor Markers in Predicting Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis of Endometrial Cancer
No full textJing Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Jingbo Liu, Mengjun Liu, Hongli Liu Department of Gynecologic Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jing Zhang, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, No. 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: To investigate the clinical value of vascular cancer thrombus and myometrial invasion combined with tumor markers (epididymal protein 4 (HE4), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199)) in predicting sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis of Endometrial Cancer (EC).Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 150 patients with EC during January 2022 to December 2024. Patients were divided into a metastatic group of 32 cases and a non-metastatic group of 118 cases. The clinical data and tumor markers [HE4, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA125, CA153, CA199 and alpha fetoprotein (AFP)] levels were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of metastasis. The predictive value was evaluated by Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to analyze the distribution characteristics.Results: The incidence of vascular cancer thrombus (62.50%), the proportion of myometrial invasion ≥ 1/2 (90.63%) and serum levels of HE4, CA125, CA153 and CA199 in the metastatic group were significantly higher than those in the non-metastatic group (P< 0.05). Vascular cancer thrombus, myometrial invasion ≥ 1/2, HE4, CA153, CA125 and CA199 were all influencing factors of SLN metastasis of EC (P< 0.05). The AUC of the combined detection of vascular cancer thrombus, myometrial invasion, HE4, CA153, CA125 and CA199 was 0.904, with sensitivity and specificity of 85.59% and 84.38%, respectively. The combined detection has a high predictive value for SLN metastasis of EC. When the first principal component (PC1) was plotted against the second principal component (PC2), patients with SLN metastasis had significant disturbances in vascular cancer thrombus, myometrial invasion, HE4, CA153, CA125 and CA199. There were significant individual differences and dispersed distribution among EC groups, while patients without SLN metastasis could cluster well.Conclusion: The combined detection of vascular cancer thrombus, myometrial invasion combined with HE4, CA153, CA125 and CA199 can effectively predict SLN metastasis of EC. But these influencing factors had great fluctuation and uncertainty in patients with SLN metastasis of EC, which may be related to the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease.Keywords: vascular cancer emboli, myometrial invasion, tumor markers, endometrial cancer, sentinel lymph node metastasi
Using proteomic analysis to investigate uniconazole-induced phytohormone variation and starch accumulation in duckweed (Landoltia punctata)
No full textBackground: Duckweed (Landoltia punctata) has the potential to remediate wastewater and accumulate enormous amounts of starch for bioethanol production. Using systematical screening, we determined that the highest biomass and starch percentage of duckweed was obtained after uniconazole application. Uniconazole contributes to starch accumulation of duckweed, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Results: To elucidate the mechanisms of high starch accumulation, in the study, the responses of L. punctata to uniconazole were investigated using a quantitative proteomic approach combined with physiological and biochemical analysis. A total of 3327 proteins were identified. Among these identified proteins, a large number of enzymes involved in endogenous hormone synthetic and starch metabolic pathways were affected. Notably, most of the enzymes involved in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis showed up-regulated expression, which was consistent with the content variation. The increased endogenous ABA may up-regulate expression of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase to promote starch biosynthesis. Importantly, the expression levels of several key enzymes in the starch biosynthetic pathway were up-regulated, which supported the enzymatic assay results and may explain why there is increased starch accumulation. Conclusions: These generated data linked uniconazole with changes in expression of enzymes involved in hormone biosynthesis and starch metabolic pathways and elucidated the effect of hormones on starch accumulation. Thus, this study not only provided insights into the molecular mechanisms of uniconazole-induced hormone variation and starch accumulation but also highlighted the potential for duckweed to be feedstock for biofuel as well as for sewage treatment
Identifying Melanoma in Lesion Images Using Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks-Based Data Augmentation
No full textEarly detection of melanoma is extremely important because melanoma is curable at the early stage. Due to the state-of-the-art performance of the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), the CNNs have been widely used for the task. However, hand labeled data is not easily obtained in practical settings. In this paper, we firstly employ generative adversarial network (GAN) to artificially enlarge the dataset, which can generate fake data based on the generative confrontation network. Therefore, the problem of insufficient training samples in melanoma classification tasks has been alleviated. Second, CNNs is employed in our paper to automatically classification, which proved to be more effectively solve the problem of small discrimination between different categories. Based on the proposed method, the experimental results show that the use of deep learning technology can effectively improve the performance of the model in the melanoma classification task, with an average accuracy value of 94.5%, which is nearly 1.9% higher than the previous approaches
Uniconazole-induced starch accumulation in the bioenergy crop duckweed (Landoltia punctata) II: transcriptome alterations of pathways involved in carbohydrate metabolism and endogenous hormone crosstalk
No full textBackground: Landoltia punctata is a widely distributed duckweed species with great potential to accumulate enormous amounts of starch for bioethanol production. We found that L. punctata can accumulate starch rapidly accompanied by alterations in endogenous hormone levels after uniconazole application, but the relationship between endogenous hormones and starch accumulation is still unclear. Results: After spraying fronds with 800 mg/L uniconazole, L. punctata can accumulate starch quickly, with a dry weight starch content of up to 48% after 240 h of growth compared to 15.7% in the control group. Electron microscopy showed that the starch granule content was elevated after uniconazole application. The activities of key enzymes involved in starch synthesis were also significantly increased. Moreover, the expression of regulatory elements of the cytokinin (CK), abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA) signaling pathways that are involved in chlorophyll and starch metabolism also changed correspondingly. Importantly, the expression levels of key enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis were up-regulated, while transcript-encoding enzymes involved in starch degradation and other carbohydrate metabolic branches were down-regulated. Conclusion: The increase of endogenous ABA and CK levels positively promoted the activity of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) and chlorophyll content, while the decrease in endogenous GA levels inactivated a-amylase. Thus, the alterations of endogenous hormone levels resulted in starch accumulation due to regulation of the expression of genes involved in the starch metabolism pathway
Are Different Versions of ChatGPT’s Ability Comparable to the Clinical Diagnosis Presented in Case Reports? A Descriptive Study
No full textJingfang Chen,1– 3 Linlin Liu,3 Shujin Ruan,3 Mengjun Li,3 Chengliang Yin1 1Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Research and Teaching, the Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 3Hengyang Medical School, School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chengliang Yin, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: ChatGPT, an advanced language model developed by OpenAI, holds the opportunity to bring about a transformation in the processing of clinical decision-making within the realm of medicine. Despite the growing popularity of research related on ChatGPT, there is a paucity of research assessing its appropriateness for clinical decision support. Our study delved into ChatGPT’s ability to respond in accordance with the diagnoses found in case reports, with the intention of serving as a reference for clinical decision-making.Methods: We included 147 case reports from the Chinese Medical Association Journal Database that generated primary and secondary diagnoses covering various diseases. Each question was independently posed three times to both GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.0, respectively. The results were analyzed regarding ChatGPT’s mean scores and accuracy types.Results: GPT-4.0 displayed moderate accuracy in primary diagnoses. With the increasing number of input, a corresponding enhancement in the accuracy of ChatGPT’s outputs became evident. Notably, autoimmune diseases comprised the largest proportion of case reports, and the mean score for primary diagnosis exhibited statistically significant differences in autoimmune diseases.Conclusion: Our finding suggested that the potential practicality in utilizing ChatGPT for clinical decision-making. To enhance the accuracy of ChatGPT, it is necessary to integrate it with the existing electronic health record system in the future.Keywords: ChatGPT, artificial intelligence, clinical decision support systems, case report
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