16,122 research outputs found
Jurataenionema Liu and Ren
No full textGenus Jurataenionema Liu and Ren, gen. nov. Type species. Jurataenionema inornatus Liu and Ren, sp. nov. Etymology. The generic name is taken from the combination of Jura and T aenionema (a genus of Taeniopterygidae) Species included. The type species J. inornatus Liu and Ren, sp. nov. and J. stigmaeus Liu and Ren, sp. nov. Diagnosis. Wings are macropterous, translucent. No additional veinlets on the costal area, c–r present or very faint, sometimes grey pterostigma presents in the terminal space of forewings; Rs with three branches, M and CuA with two long branches, and fork at level of midlength of Rs stem; 5–8 crossveins in the median and cubital areas. Ninth sternite produced, with a median tongue–like erect and then bent forward extension tapering to around or cuspidal tip, tenth tergite transversely wide, sclerotized. Cerci short, eight to ten segments. Remarks. The new genus Jurataenionema differs from the extant genera by the longer cerci and long branches of CuA; differs from the extinct Gurvanopteryx by Rs with three branches and the longer first segment of hind tarsus; differs from the extinct Positopteryx by c–r present, Rs with three branches.Published as part of Liu, Yushuang, Sinitshenkova, Dong Ren Nina D. & Shih, Chung Kun, 2007, The oldest known record of Taeniopterygidae in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China (Insecta: Plecoptera), pp. 1-8 in Zootaxa 1521 on page 2, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17745
The thermal decomposition of diazirines: 3-(3-methyldiazirin-3-yl)propan-1-ol and 3-(3-methyldiazirin-3-yl)propanoic acid
No full textPT: J; CR: BIGOT B, 1978, J AM CHEM SOC, V100, P6575 BRIDGE MR, 1969, J CHEM SOC A, P91 CHURCH RFR, 1970, J ORG CHEM, V35, P2465 CLOSS GL, 1965, J AM CHEM SOC, V87, P4270 EFFIO A, 1980, J AM CHEM SOC, V102, P1734 FIGUERA JM, 1976, AN QUIM, V72, P737 FIGUERA JM, 1978, J CHEM SOC F1, V74, P809 FIGUERA JM, 1979, J PHOTOCHEM, V10, P473 FREY HM, 1963, J CHEM SOC, P3514 FREY HM, 1964, J CHEM SOC, P4700 FREY HM, 1965, J CHEM SOC, P1700 FREY HM, 1965, J CHEM SOC, P3101 FREY HM, 1966, J CHEM SOC A, P968 FREY HM, 1977, J CHEM SOC F1, V73, P2010 FREY HM, 1979, J CHEM SOC A, P1916 GANZER GA, 1986, J AM CHEM SOC, V108, P1517 GRILLER D, 1982, J AM CHEM SOC, V104, P5549 LAL D, 1974, J AM CHEM SOC, V96, P6355 LIU MTH, 1972, INT J CHEM KINET, V4, P229 LIU MTH, 1972, J PHYS CHEM-US, V76, P797 LIU MTH, 1973, CAN J CHEM, V51, P2393 LIU MTH, 1974, J CHEM SOC P2, P937 LIU MTH, 1977, CAN J CHEM, V55, P3596 LIU MTH, 1982, CHEM SOC REV, V11, P127 LIU MTH, 1984, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1062 LIU MTH, 1984, TETRAHEDRON, V40, P887 LIU MTH, 1985, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P982 LIU MTH, 1986, J CHEM SOC PERK T 2, P211 LIU MTH, 1987, CHEM DIAZIRINES, V1, P111 MANSOOR AM, 1966, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P1753 MANSOOR M, 1967, THESIS U SOUTHAMPTON MOSS RA, 1984, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V25, P1023 NEUVARAND EW, 1967, J PHYS CHEM-US, V71, P1229 SCHMID P, 1979, INT J CHEM KINET, V11, P333 SHERIDAN RS, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P436 SKELL PS, 1972, TETRAHEDRON, V28, P3571 SMITH NP, 1979, J CHEM SOC P2, P213 SMITH RAG, 1975, J CHEM SOC P2, P686 VOIGT E, 1975, CHEM BER, V108, P3326; NR: 39; TC: 8; J9: J CHEM SOC PERKIN TRANS 2; PG: 7; GA: DD960Source type: Electronic(1
Jurataenionema stigmaeus Liu and Ren, sp. nov.
No full textJurataenionema stigmaeus Liu and Ren, sp. nov. Figs. 3–5 Etymology. From Latin stigmaeus, refers to the presence of a fuscous stigma in the terminal space of forewings. Materials. Holotype, female. CNU, NMDHG 183, a well–preserved body with part of wings, and paratypes (Imagoes) from the same locality: CNU, NMDHG 99, and CNU, NMDHG 184–187. Description. Length of body 14 mm, to tip of wings 18 mm. Head large, triangular, the posterior part not twice as wide as the anterior; antennae long. Prothorax narrow, two–thirds of the mesothorax; mesothorax and metathorax developed, same width. Legs robust. Forewings 15 mm length. Sc connected to R at almost two–thirds total wing length; c–r far from the Sc tip, grey pterostigma present; Rs forks distinctly after the r–rs, and its anterior branch forks again close to the Rs forks. Crossvein r–rs short, almost perpendicular to Rs. M appears 2 –branched, forking from the proximal 1 / 3 of the wing, its branches are nearly twice as long as Rs branches, rs–m straight, connects Rs before r–rs and terminates at the one fifth of MA. Crossvein m–cua S–shaped, connecting M stem or MP, and terminated the stem of CuA. CuA forks close to M forks, with long anterior branch. 4 crossveins at the median area, 7 crossveins at the cubital areas. Abdomen with 10 visible segments, almost 1.7 times as long as thorax. Ninth sternite produced as a subgenital plate, the median tongue upturned, triangular. Cerci short, eight or nine segments. Remarks. The new species J. stigmaeus differs from the type species by the defined pterostigma.Published as part of Liu, Yushuang, Sinitshenkova, Dong Ren Nina D. & Shih, Chung Kun, 2007, The oldest known record of Taeniopterygidae in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China (Insecta: Plecoptera), pp. 1-8 in Zootaxa 1521 on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17745
Protaenionema Liu and Shih
No full textGenus Protaenionema Liu and Shih, gen. nov. Type species. Protaenionema fuscalatus Liu and Shih, sp. nov. Etymology. Named from a combination of the prefix pro- and Taenionema. Species included. Only the type species P. fuscalatus Liu and Shih, sp. nov. Diagnosis. Wings of normal length, brown. Lack of additional veinlets on the costal area, crossvein c–r absent; Rs and M both with two branches. Ninth sternite produced, distinctly exceeds the tenth segment, not upturned, and the distal margin rounded, tenth tergite transversely wide, sclerotized. Cerci short, multisegmented. Remarks. In the extant genera, c–r is generally present, absent only in Brachyptera and in the glacialis and contorta group of Oemopteryx (Ricker & Ross 1975). Crossvein c–r is absent in this new genus Protaenionema. It is difficult to distinguish this new genus and extant genus Brachyptera and the glacialis and contorta group of Oemopteryx according to the preserved characters of Protaenionema. Brachyptera has developed extra branches (three to five branches) of CuA and cerci with one or two segments, but these important characters are not preserved clearly in Protaenionema; similarly, the typical features (two prongs) of epiproct of Oemopteryx cannot be observed in Protaenionema. The new extinct genus Protaenionema differs from the extinct Gurvanopteryx and Positopteryx by the opaque, slightly brown wings and by the distinctly produced ninth sternite. It differs from the new Jurataenionema by having an Rs with two branches and the fuscous wings.Published as part of Liu, Yushuang, Sinitshenkova, Dong Ren Nina D. & Shih, Chung Kun, 2007, The oldest known record of Taeniopterygidae in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China (Insecta: Plecoptera), pp. 1-8 in Zootaxa 1521 on pages 4-5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17745
Homogryllacris gladiata Liu 2007
No full textHomogryllacris gladiata Liu, 2007 K瓣同ďễ Figures 11–14 Expanded description. Male tegmina (Fig. 12C–D): Radius forks into two branches, R of left tegmen not forked while RS of left tegmen and both branches of right tegmen forked near tip; media free from base but leaning on radius, behind basal third receives an oblique branch from CuA and shortly after divides again into two veins, MA and MP+CuA1, the second vein (MP+CuA1) of left tegmen then fuses with CuA 2 in subapical area, while the second vein of right tegmen remains single-branched; cubitus posterior undivided, free throughout; with 4 anal veins, the last two with common base. Female. Left tegmen (Fig. 14C): radius forks into two branches, RS forked near tip; media free from base but leaning on radius, behind basal third receives an oblique branch from CuA and shortly after divides into two veins, MA and MP+CuA1, the first vein forked in subapical area, the second vein divides again into MP and CuA1; CuA2 arises from cubitus anterior and stays single-branched. Right tegmen (Fig. 14D): radius with two branches, both forked near tip; media forks between basal third and mid-length of tegmen into two branches, MA and MP; cubitus anterior undivided, free throughout. Both tegmina: cubitus posterior single branched and free throughout; with 4 anal veins, the last two with common stem. Material examined. 1 male, Damingshan, Guangxi, August 20, 2021, coll. by Dongdong Yang; 1 male and 1 female, Damingshan, Guangxi, August 22, 2021, coll. by Wei Bin; 1 male and 2 females, Yangmei'ao, Rongshui, Guangxi, August 6, 2021, coll. by Wei Bin, Jiali Chen & Xiaoyu Peng; 1 male, Yangmei'ao, Rongshui, Guangxi, August 6, 2021, coll. by Wei Bin; 1 male, Yangmei'ao, Rongshui, Guangxi, September 7, 2021, coll. by Jing Liu and Xiangyi Lu; 1 female, Yangmei'ao, Rongshui, Guangxi, September 7, 2021, coll. by Jing Liu and Xiangyi Lu.Published as part of Liu, Jing, Yang, Dongdong & Bian, Xun, 2021, Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera) I: New additions of Homogryllacris Liu, 2007 from Guangxi and Yunnan, pp. 285-295 in Zootaxa 5067 (2) on pages 293-294, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5067.2.11, http://zenodo.org/record/567772
Jurataenionema inornatus Liu and Ren, sp. nov.
No full textJurataenionema inornatus Liu and Ren, sp. nov. Figs. 1–2 Etymology. From Latin inornatus, means the wing luculent, without any stigma in the terminal space of forewings. Materials. Holotype, female. CNU, NMDHG 61, a well–preserved body with part of wings, and a paratype (imago) from the same locality: CNU, NMDHG 145. Description. Length of body 11–13 mm, to tip of wings 16–17 mm. Head large, almost triangle, the basal part is 1.5X as wide as the distal; antenna long, longer than body. Cervix preserved clearly, narrow. Prothorax transverse, two–thirds of mesothorax length. Forewings: 14–15 mm length. Costal area without additional veinlets, Sc terminates R nearly to two– thirds of the total wing length, c–r far from the Sc tip. Rs departs from R at one–sixth of the base, and forks distinctly after r–rs, its anterior branch forks again at the midlength. r–rs short, almost vertical to Rs, M bifurcates slightly basal of the midlength of wing, and its branches are nearly twice as long as Rs branches, rs–m straight, connects with Rs before r–rs and terminates at the one fifth of MA. Crossvein m–cua S–shaped, connecting M at the same level of M forks, and terminated the stem of CuA. Vein CuA forks basal to M forks, its anterior branch long, almost twice as long as the posterior branch, 5–8 crossveins at the median and cubital areas. Abdomen with 10 visible segments, slightly longer than head and thorax together. Ninth sternite produced, the median tongue upturned, narrowly round, tenth tergite transversely wide, sclerotized. Cerci short, its segments faint, about 8–10 segments. Legs long, coxa and trochanter wide, femur robust, nearly twice as wide as tibia, tibia slender, about 1.3X as long as femur, tarsus long, half a length of tibia, three segments are of almost the same length. Remarks. The new species J. inornatus resembles extant Mesyatsia thianshanica (Zhiltzova 1972) in venation, except Rs has three branches and there is no costal crossvein. In addition, no pterostigma exists, while it is present in M. thianshanica.Published as part of Liu, Yushuang, Sinitshenkova, Dong Ren Nina D. & Shih, Chung Kun, 2007, The oldest known record of Taeniopterygidae in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China (Insecta: Plecoptera), pp. 1-8 in Zootaxa 1521 on pages 2-3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17745
Electrochemical behavior of diazirines
No full textPT: J; CR: ENGEL PS, 1980, CHEM REV, V80, P99 FRY AJ, 1973, J ORG CHEM, V38, P2620 KITAJEV JP, 1965, COLLECT CZECH CHEM C, V30, P4178 LIU MTH, 1981, J CHEM SOC P2, P53 LUND H, 1966, COLLECT CZECH CHEM C, V31, P4175 MALACHESKY PA, 1969, ANAL CHEM, V41, P1493 MOFFAT JB, 1978, CHEM DIAZONIUM DIA 1 NICHOLSON RS, 1964, ANAL CHEM, V36, P706 SCHWARZ WM, 1965, J PHYS CHEM-US, V69, P30; NR: 9; TC: 2; J9: J CHEM SOC CHEM COMMUN; PG: 2; GA: NJ399Source type: Electronic(1
Phryganogryllacris unicolor Liu & Wang 1998
No full text3.5 Phryganogryllacris unicolor Liu & Wang, 1998 (Figs 13–15) Phryganogryllacris unicolor Liu & Wang, 1998. Henan Science, 16(1): 70; Liu & Zhang, 2005. In: Yang (ed.), Insect Fauna of Middle-West Qinling Range and South Mountains of Gansu Province: 93. Male. Body size average for the genus, stout. Fastigium of vertex about 1.5 times as broad as scape. Fore margin of pronotum slightly roundly projected, hind margin straight. Tegmina rather extending beyond the apex of abdomen; R with 5 branches, Rs occurred after the middle of R, with branches, CuA simple; A with 4, the last of them united at base. Wings slightly long than tegmina. Hind femora with 3–11 internal spines and external spines on ventral surface; hind tibiae with 4–5 internal spines and 5–6 external spines on dorsal surface. Each side of abdominal tergite 9 with a hook-like process directed internally (Fig. 13). Cerci rather long, 7 mm long; lateral margin of subgenital plate rounded, posterior margin with incision, lateral lobe rounded (Fig. 14); styli shorter, slightly flattened. Female. Hind femora on ventral surface with 4–9 internal spines and external spines; hind tibiae on dorsal surface with 5–6 internal spines and external spines. Subgenital plate almost triangularly, apex with corniform incision (Fig. 15). Ovipositor slightly longer than hind femora, almost straight. © Zoological Systematics, 39(4): 507–519 Coloration. Body yellowish brown. Ocelli yellow, eyes, apex of abdomen, spines of hind legs darkish black. Measurement. Body, ♂ 15.0–23.0 mm, ♀ 18.0–28.0mm; pronotum, ♂, ♀ 4.5–5.0 mm; tegmina, ♂ 14.0–25.0 mm, ♀ 16.0–22.0 mm; hind femora, ♂ 10.0– 12.5 mm, ♀ 11.0–13.0 mm; ovipositor, ♀ 12.5–15.0 mm. Material examined. 1♂, Beijing, Sanbao, July 1976, Jian-Ming Zhao leg.; 2♀, Henan, Luoshandongzhai, 23–24 June 1994, Yao Niu leg.; 1♂, Henan, Songxian, Baiyunshan, 9–20 July 1996, Zu-Yao Liu etc. legs.; 1♀, Henan, Denfeng, Songshan (elev. 900 m), collector unknown; 2♂, Henan, Luanchuan, Longyuwan, 10–13 July 1996, Zu-Yao Liu etc. legs.; 1♂, Henan, Songxian, Baiyunshan, 8 September 2000, Zu-Yao Liu and Wei-Nian Zhang leg.; 3♂, Henan, Tongbai Mountain, 11 September 2000, Xian-Wei Liu and Wei-Nian Zhang leg.; 3♀, Hebei, Xinglongxian, Wuling Mountain (elev. 600 m), 8–9 September 2007, Xian-Wei Liu etc. legs. Distribution. Beijing, Henan, Hebei.Published as part of Li, Miao-Miao, Fang, Yan, Liu, Xian-Wei & Li, Kai, 2014, Taxonomic revision of the genus Phryganogryllacris (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) from China, pp. 507-519 in Zoological Systematics 39 (4) on pages 511-512, DOI: 10.11865/zs.20140404, http://zenodo.org/record/461742
Sigmatoneura aquilis Liu, Li & Liu, 2011, sp. nov.
No full textSigmatoneura aquilis sp. nov. (Figs. 12–18) Male. Coloration (in alcohol). Body brown. Head (Fig. 12) brown with dark brown markings: a band of spots bordering epicranial suture stretching bilaterally on vertex; a quadrate frame on frons opening anteriorly and extending to antennal fossa. Compound eyes grayish black; ocelli black with grayish black ocellar field. Antennae and labrum dark brown; maxillary palpi brown with distal segments dark brown. Thorax brown with dark brown spots. Legs brown, with a band of dark brown marking on femur, tarsi and distal part of tibia dark brown. Fore wing (Fig. 13) hyaline with light brown markings basally, pterostigma fully dark brown with a dark brown band along proximal margin; hind wing (Fig. 14) hyaline, with light brown markings basally. Abdominal segments brown with dark brown spots; apical regions dark brown. Morphology. Head small, epicranial suture concave and distinct. Fore wing: pterostigma with moderate hind angle, Rs-M crossvein short, distal margin of discoidal cell concave, Cu 1 a and M fused for a short distance or meeting at a point, radial fork branches diverge at an angle about 90 °. Hind wing without marginal setae between R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5. Hind tibia normal. Abdomen ovoid. Phallosome (Fig. 15) a frame, longer than wide, acuminate proximally and narrow distally, with posterior margin straight. Hypandrium (Fig. 16) with membranous regions anteromedially and marginally, sclerotized arms forming broad T-shaped regions. Epiproct (Fig. 17) with unsclerotized regions antero- and disto-medially; paraproct (Fig. 18) broad triangular, with a strong apical spine, sensory field with about 42 trichobothria. Measurements. Bw: 6482, B: 4324, FW: 5367, HW: 3567, F: 1422, T: 1774, t 1: 467, t 2: 327, Mx 4: 287, f 1: 2372, f 2: 2304, f 3: 2301, IO/d: 2.867. Material examined. Holotype male, CHINA: Guizhou Province, Kuankuoshui Nature Reserve, 12.viii. 2010, Luxi Liu (CAU). Paratype, CHINA: 1 male, same as holotype. Distribution. China (Guizhou). Etymology. The species name refers to the obvious dark coloration of the specimens. Remarks. The fore wing of the new species is most similar to Sigmatoneura kolbei described from Japan (Enderlein, 1906). Tsutsumi (1965) provided genitalia characters of S. kolbei from Taiwan, and the phallosome of S. aquilis is narrower distally and lacks lateral apophyses. Sclerotization regions in the epiproct and hypandrium are also different between the two species.Published as part of Liu, Luxi, Li, Fasheng & Liu, Zhiqi, 2011, The genus Sigmatoneura Enderlein (Psocoptera: Psocidae), with two new species from China, pp. 33-41 in Zootaxa 2999 on pages 38-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20307
Protaenionema fuscalatus Liu and Shih, sp. nov.
No full textProtaenionema fuscalatus Liu and Shih, sp. nov. Figs. 6–7 Etymology. The species name is taken from a combination of the Latin fuscus (meaning dark) and the Latin alatus (meaning winged). Materials. Holotype, sex unknown. CNU, NMDHG 55, a well–preserved body with part of wings. Description. Length of body 17 mm, to tip of wings 21 mm, color dark. Head large, subtriangular, the basal part twice as wide as the distal; antennae shorter than body. Thorax distorted and compressed laterally, structure unclear. Forewing length 16 mm, opaque, fuscous. Vein Sc unites with R at 2 / 3 total wing length. Crossevein c–r absent, Rs oblique at the base, 2 –branched, forked distal to cord. Vein M 2 –branched from middle of wing, its branches nearly twice as long as Rs branches. Crossvein rs–m straight, parallels r–rs, connecting Rs proximal to r–rs, terminating at the proximal 1 / 3 of MA. Crossvein m–cua straight, connecting M stem and CuA stem. Branches of CuA not discernable, only the distal part of first branch of CuA preserved. At least 5 crossveins at the median area. Abdomen with 10 visible segments, almost twice as long as thorax. Every segment is of almost same width except for the last two segments, and three to eight segments are relative longer than first two segments. The ninth sternite produced, greatly exceeding the 10 th segment, its tip not upturned, broadly round; the 10 th tergite short, sclerotized. Cerci short, multisegmented, its segments faint. Legs robust, coxa and trochanter wide, femur short and brawny, nearly twice as wide as tibia, tibia slen- der, tarsi long, half length of tibia, the first segment slightly longer than the second one which is equal to the third segment. Claw short, wide basally.Published as part of Liu, Yushuang, Sinitshenkova, Dong Ren Nina D. & Shih, Chung Kun, 2007, The oldest known record of Taeniopterygidae in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China (Insecta: Plecoptera), pp. 1-8 in Zootaxa 1521 on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17745
- …
