81,202 research outputs found
L'individuazione dell'unità immobiliare condominiale: destinazioni denunciate dalla struttura dell'edificio e destinazioni enunciate nel titolo
No full textFrom human interaction to human-robot interaction: A possible model
No full textThis paper presents the Elementary Pragmatic Model, originally developed for studying human interaction and widely used in psycotherapy, as a starting point for novel AI applications where humans interact with AI agents
Interface of graphane with copper : a van der Waals density-functional study
No full textVarious forms of hydrogenated graphene have been produced to date by several groups, while the synthesis of pure graphane has not been achieved yet. The study of the interface between graphane, in all its possible hydrogenation configurations, and catalyst metal surfaces can be pivotal to assess the feasibility of direct CVD growth methods for this material. We investigated the adhesion of graphane to a Cu(111) surface by adopting the vdW-DF2-C09 exchange-correlation functional, which is able to describe dispersion forces. The results are further compared with the PBE and the LDA exchange-correlation functionals. We calculated the most stable geometrical configurations of the slab/graphane interface and evaluated how graphane's geometrical parameters are modified. We show that dispersion forces play an important role in the slab/graphane adhesion. Band structure calculations demonstrated that in the presence of the interaction with copper, the band gap of graphane is not only preserved, but also enlarged, and this increase can be attributed to the electronic charge accumulated at the interface. We calculated a substantial energy barrier at the interface, suggesting that CVD graphane films might act as reliable and stable insulating thin coatings, or also be used to form compound layers in conjunction with metals and semiconductors
Towards Ethical Risk Assessment of Symbiotic AI Systems with Fuzzy Rules
No full textArtificial Intelligence (AI) based systems are expanding rapidly in all domains of life. They are entering our everyday life and performing tasks on our behalf. AI-based systems such as personal healthcare assistants are increasingly engaging in close symbiotic relationships with humans. Symbiotic AI (SAI) promises improved outcomes in various domains such as healthcare, education, and business. However, as the degree of symbiosis increases, so does the ethical risk. To ensure that these systems behave ethically and do not cause harm of any kind (physical, mental, violation of privacy, etc.), we need to find ways to assess the ethical risk (risk of causing harm), then choose the right action to mitigate that risk. In this work, we propose an approach based on fuzzy logic for ethical risk assessment (ERA) of SAI systems. The approach is illustrated by means of a case study taken from the healthcare domain
The digital world is also about "Ada and the others"|Il mondo digitale è anche di “Ada e le altre”
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Introduction to Anna Vaccarelli's article for the column "Ada and the Others"|Introduzione all’articolo di Anna Vaccarelli per la rubrica “Ada e le altre”
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Exploring Ethical and Conceptual Foundations of Human-Centred Symbiosis with Artificial Intelligence
No full textSymbiosis between humans and AI is a two-way relationship that poses several unprecedented challenges not only from the technological viewpoint but also as regards foundational AI research. In this paper we address some philosophical questions about the nature of this symbiosis and argue that a human-centred approach is needed to design symbiotic AI systems in order to ensure their ethical acceptability
Rethinking Bias and Fairness in AI Through the Lens of Gender Studies
No full textThis paper examines the main approaches that have been put forth to contrast the emergence of biases in AI systems, namely causal, counterfactual reasoning, and constructivist methodology. The objective is to demonstrate the necessity of supplementing this technical solution with a more comprehensive social analysis of the genesis of discriminatory practices. To investigate this sphere, we leverage results from the field of Gender Studies. In particular, we apply the theory of gender performativity as theorized by Judith Butler. This illustrates how AI functions within the social fabric, manifesting patriarchal configurations of gender through an analysis of the notorious case of the COMPAS system for predictive justice. This approach enables an expansion of the interpretation of the concept of fairness, thereby reflecting the complex dynamics of gender production. In conclusion, the gender dimension needs to be reconsidered not as an individual feature but as a performative process. Moreover, it enables the identification of pivotal issues that must be addressed during the design, development, testing, and evaluation phases of AI systems
Towards a gendered innovation in AI
No full textIn this paper we address the problem of including the gender dimension in the content of Computer Science, notably in Artificial Intelligence (AI). We analyze first the fairness of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms from a gender point of view. Due to their nature of being bottom-up data-driven algorithms, the most common biases diffused in society about gender and ethnicity can be captured, subsumed and reinforced by them, as many ML applications show. Then, to understand how to develop a new gendered (Computer) Science and promote a gendered innovation in AI, we show a formal reflection on the scientific method utilized to produce innovation and a critical analysis of the logical rules underlying it
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