162,347 research outputs found
Corynebacterium crudilactis sp. nov., a new Corynebacterium species isolated from raw cow´s milk.
No full textZimmermann J, Rückert C, Kalinowski J, Lipski A. Corynebacterium crudilactis sp. nov., a new Corynebacterium species isolated from raw cow´s milk. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2016;66(12):5288-5293
Defoe's Foes:The Author as Character
No full textThe most famous fictional Defoe features in J. M. Coetzee’s Foe (1986), in which he conjures Robinson Crusoe out of a memoir by a “true” castaway. Harrumphing across the country alongside the modern-day narrator of Stuart Campbell’s Daniel Defoe’s Railway Journey (2017), a surreal iteration quite literally leaps out of the pages of a Penguin Classics edition of his real-life counterpart’s travel writing. Setting aside a long tradition of neo-Georgian novels in which Defoe cameos as a seventeenth-century spy, a Defoe-as-character only for all intents and purposes, this chapter attends to two complex cases in the genre of author fictions: Coetzee’s Foe and Campbell’s Defoe
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
Dual effects of L-DOPA on nigral dopaminergic neurons
No full textL-DOPA (Levodopa) remains the gold standard for the treatment of motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), despite indications that the drug may have detrimental effects in cell culture. Classically, l-DOPA increases the production of dopamine (DA) in nigral dopaminergic neurons, while paradoxically inhibiting the firing of these neurons due to activation of D2 autoreceptors by extracellularly released DA. Using a combination of electrophysiology and calcium microfluorometry in brain slices, we have identified a novel effect of L-DOPA on dopaminergic neurons when D2 receptors were blocked. Under these conditions, L-DOPA (0.03-3 mM) evoked an excitatory effect consisting of two components. The 'early' component observed during and immediately after application of the drug, was associated with increased firing, membrane depolarization and inward current. This excitatory response was strongly attenuated by CNQX (10 μM), pointing to the involvement of TOPA quinone, an auto-oxidation product of L-DOPA and a potent activator of AMPA/kainate receptors. The 'late' phase of excitation persisted >30 min after brief L-DOPA application and was not mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors, nor by D1, α1-adrenergic, mGluR1 or GABAB receptors. It was eliminated by carbidopa, demonstrating its dependence on conversion of L-DOPA to DA. Exogenous DA (50 μM) also evoked a glutamate-receptor independent increase in firing and an inward current when D2 receptors were blocked. In voltage-clamped neurons, both L-DOPA and DA produced a long-lasting increase in [Ca(2+)]i which was unaffected by block of ionotropic glutamate receptors. These results demonstrate that L-DOPA has dual, inhibitory and excitatory, effects on nigral dopaminergic neurons, and suggest that the excitation and calcium rise may have long-lasting consequences for the activity and survival of these neurons when the expression or function of D2 receptors is impaired
Murder on the mountain: author talk with Peter J. Wosh
No full textAuthor talk by Peter J. Wosh on May 5th, 2022, on his book, "Murder on the Mountain: crime, passion, and punishment in gilded age New Jersey.
Mr. Melvin J. Collier, RWWL AUC, June 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Mr. Melvin J. Collier. Mr. Collier talks about his book, "From Mississippi to Africa: A Journey of Discovery". Daniel Le, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
Temperature sensitivity of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta: involvement of transient receptor potential channels
No full textTemperature
sensitivity of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars
compacta: involvement of Transient Receptor Potential channels.
J Neurophysiol 94: 3069–3080, 2005. First published July 13, 2005;
doi:10.1152/jn.00066.2005. Changes in temperature of up to several
degrees have been reported in different brain regions during various
behaviors or in response to environmental stimuli. We investigated
temperature sensitivity of dopaminergic neurons of the rat substantia
nigra pars compacta (SNc), an area important for motor and emotional
control, using a combination of electrophysiological techniques, microfluorometry,
and RT-PCR in brain slices. Spontaneous neuron
firing, cell membrane potential/currents, and intracellular Ca2 level
([Ca2]i) were measured during cooling by 10° and warming by
5° from 34°C. Cooling evoked slowing of firing, cell membrane
hyperpolarization, increase in cell input resistance, an outward current
under voltage clamp, and a decrease of [Ca2]i. Warming induced an
increase in firing frequency, a decrease in input resistance, an inward
current, and a rise in [Ca2]i. The cooling-induced current, which
reversed in polarity between 5 and 17 mV, was dependent on
extracellular Na. Cooling-induced whole cell currents and changes
in [Ca2]i were attenuated by 79% in the presence of 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane
(2-APB; 200 M), and the outward current was
reduced by 20% with ruthenium red (100 M). RT-PCR conducted
with tissue punches containing the SNc revealed mRNA expression
for TRPV3 and TRPV4 channels, known to be activated in expression
systems by temperature changes within the physiological range.
2-APB, a TRPV3 modulator, increased baseline [Ca2]i, whereas
4PDD, a TRPV4 agonist, increased spontaneous firing in 7 of 14
neurons tested. We conclude that temperature-gated TRPV3 and
TRPV4 cationic channels are expressed in nigral dopaminergic neurons
and are constitutively active in brain slices at near physiological
temperatures, where they affect the excitability and calcium homeostasis
of these neurons
Acute effects of 6-hydroxydopamine on dopaminergic neurons of the rat substantia nigra pars compacta in vitro
No full text6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a neurotoxin which has been implicated in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in Parkinson's disease (PD), and is frequently used to produce animal models of the disease. The aim of our study, conducted on midbrain slices obtained from young Wistar rats, was to determine the little known acute effects of this toxin (0.2-2.0 mM; 10-20 min exposure; 34 degrees C) on electrophysiological properties, intracellular Ca2+ levels and dendritic morphology of SNc neurons. Four experimental approaches were used: extracellular recording of firing frequency, whole-cell patch-clamping, ratiometric fura-2 imaging, and cell labeling with lucifer yellow (LY) or dextran-rhodamine. Extracellular recording revealed a concentration-dependent decrease in the tonic, pacemaker-like firing. In whole-cell recordings in voltage-clamp (V(hold) -60 mV), smaller doses (0.2-0.5 mM) induced an outward current (or cell membrane hyperpolarization in current-clamp), which could in some cells be reversed with tolbutamide (blocker of ATP-dependent K+ channels). A higher dose (1.0-2.0 mM) caused rapid reductions of cell membrane capacitance and membrane resistance. Toxin exposure gradually increased the intracellular Ca2+ level, which did not subsequently return to control. The increase in Ca2+ signal was not prevented by depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores with thapsigargin (10 microM) or cyclopiazonic acid (30 microM), nor by removing extracellular Ca2+. Cell membrane current and Ca2+ responses were not prevented by blocking dopamine transporter (DAT). Cells loaded with LY or dextran-rhodamine showed signs of damage (cell membrane blebbing) in dendrites following toxin exposure (1 mM; 10-20 min). These results demonstrate that the oxidative and metabolic stress induced in SNc neurons by 6-OHDA results in rapid dose-dependent changes of cell membrane properties with morphological evidence of dendritic damage, as well as in disturbance of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis
A Tripartite Post-Recession Rebalancing
No full textIn this latest Advance & Rutgers Report, entitled “A Tripartite Post-Recession Rebalancing,” Dean James W. Hughes and Professor Joseph J. Seneca deliver an incisive assessment of the current market conditions and obstacles in the path of our economic recovery. They offer a statistical cautionary tale that the private and public sector need to hear and acknowledge in order for the economy to make continued progress.This report was published as Issue Paper Number 7, November 2011, in Advance & Rutgers Report
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