1,294 research outputs found
Political directives
No full textTitle: Wskazania polityczne (Political directives) Originally published: Ognisko: książka zbiorowa wydana dla uczczenia 25 letniej pracy T. T. Jeża, Warsaw, K. Kowalewski, 1882 Language: PolishThe excerpts used are from Janina Kulczycka-Saloni, Pozytywizm, (Warsaw: PZWS, 1971), pp. 235–240. About the author Aleksander Świętochowski [1849, Stoczek (in Podlachia, present-day east Poland) – 1938, Gołotczyzna (central Poland)]: politician and writer. Aleksander Świetochowski, like many other adhe..
Interpreting Wage Bargaining Norms
No full textFrom the mid-1990s onwards, Swedish wage bargaining has been characterised by informal co-ordination of the wage claims of big unions and bargaining cartels. In particular, it has been understood that the manufacturing sector should lead by first agreeing on a pay increase, whereafter the service sector and public sector unions choose a similar increase. We analyse his setup with two possible theoretical interpretations: (i) the manufacturing sector as a tackelberg leader and (ii) a normative role for the manufacturing sector’s pay increase, upported either by unmodelled social pressure or a modeled loss aversion (envy) of the heltered sector unions. The conclusion of the analysis is that the normative or leading role of one sector – in the Swedish case the manufacturing sector – can potentially bring big benefits for employment and output. Generalising an idea suggested by Lars Calmfors and Anna Larsson, our analysis also generates a rudimentary theory of why the wage increase norm sometimes binds and sometimes not. A comparison of the model predictions and the observed outcomes of the last five wage bargaining rounds in Sweden suggests that the model is generally consistent with the empirical observations: wage moderation and norm observance are stronger when the manufacturing industry’s initial relative wage is low.wage bargaining; bargaining co-ordination
The Role of High-Tech Capital Formation for Swedish Productivity Growth
No full textWhile using new data and standard growth-accounting techniques, this paper takes a closer look at the Swedish productivity revival in the second half of the 1990s. In particular, I find large total factor productivity growth in high-tech producing sectors and capital deepening associated with high-tech equipment elsewhere. In addition, for high-tech producers, high-tech capital deepening has as a rule contributed negatively to labor productivity growth - a result above all driven by large increases in hours worked in this sector. I also find that in the business sector, the contribution from high-tech capital deepening to labor productivity growth increased from about 1 percent 1994 to 9 percent 1999.
The pedagogical ideas of Aleksander Groza. A serries of Alphabet Books
No full textAleksander Groza was the author of a series of three alphabet books: The greater alphabet book, The lesser alphabet book and The little alphabet book. This series was created in the Ukraine in 1860. Aleksander Groza was, first of all, a writer and poet, a representative of the so-called “Ukrainian school” in Polish literature, a nobleman and a representative of the middle-class gentry. The aim of the article is to characterize the alphabet books both in terms of structure and content. I will be interested in the values that Aleksander Groza intended to foster in his students, as well as how his ideas presented themselves against the epoch
Gli alfabeti slavi nelle polemiche ottocentesche - appunti
No full textSlavonic Alphabets in the Polemics of the 19th Century
(Preliminary remarks)
The paper tackles upon some examples of using the images of ss. Cyril
and Metodius together with the problems related to the ancient Slavonic
alphabets – Glagolitic and Cyrillic – in a variety of discussions held
in the Slavonic milieu in the 19th c. Attention is paid to: 1) Exchange
of opinions between the Serb Dimitrije Tirol and the Bulgarian Vasilij
Aprilov in the context of the Russian claim on the Cyrillic. 2) The dispute
of the Croatian prelates concerning the birthplace of Saint Jerome
whom they considered to be the inventor of the Glagolitic alphabet and
to the testimony of Adam Mickiewicz in this regard. 3) The dilemma
the Croatian Grammarian Ignjat Alojz Brlić was faced with: which alphabet
to choose for the Serbo-Croatian? 4) The conviction of the rev.
Piotr Semenenko, the founder of the Congregation of the Resurrection
of Our Lord Jesus Christ, that Constantine-Cyril invented the Glagolitic
alphabet while the Cyrillic is the alphabet of the Eastern schismatics. 5)
The reasoning of Ivan Platonov, the author of the treatise against the
encyclical Grande munus of Leo VIII, about the anti-Orthodox function
of Glagolitic as a Roman manipulation with the Church. 6) Anton Budilovich’s
ideas of the western genesis of the Glagolitic and the Crimean
origin of the Cyrillic alphabet
Aleksander Scibor-Rylski w tandemach: z Kawalerowiczem, Kutzem i Hofmanem
No full textAleksander Ścibor-Rylski was one of the greatest Polish scriptwriters, who in addition to numerous films based on his texts, left behind a trove of abandoned scripts. This article introduces Ścibor-Rylski as a highly versatile author, as exemplified by three scripts he wrote: Wczasy pod lipą [Lime Tree Holiday], Zaułek św. Sebastiana [Saint Sebastian Alley] and Stara baśń [An Ancient Tale]. Each of these scripts was written in a different convention and each was ordered by a different director, hence the title of this article – Aleksander Ścibor-Rylski in tandem with Kawalerowicz, Kutz and Hoffman. Apart from an analysis of the three scripts, the article describes the way they evolved, Ścibor-Rylski’s favourite stylistic clues and the reasons they remained unfinished.Aleksander Ścibor-Rylski was one of the greatest Polish scriptwriters, who in addition to numerous films based on his texts, left behind a trove of abandoned scripts. This article introduces Ścibor-Rylski as a highly versatile author, as exemplified by three scripts he wrote: Wczasy pod lipą [Lime Tree Holiday], Zaułek św. Sebastiana [Saint Sebastian Alley] and Stara baśń [An Ancient Tale]. Each of these scripts was written in a different convention and each was ordered by a different director, hence the title of this article – Aleksander Ścibor-Rylski in tandem with Kawalerowicz, Kutz and Hoffman. Apart from an analysis of the three scripts, the article describes the way they evolved, Ścibor-Rylski’s favourite stylistic clues and the reasons they remained unfinished
Unemployment and Labour Force Participation in Sweden
No full textThis paper investigates the relationship between Swedish unemployment and labour-force participation. Cointegration analysis supports a robust long-run relationship between the two variables, regardless of whether aggregate or gender-specific rates are used. This finding puts the empiri-cal relevance of the unemployment invariance hypothesis into question.Cointegration; Discouraged worker
Lida in the history and literary output of Aleksander Jurewicz
No full textThe article is based on novels by Aleksander Jurewicz that are a source of information about
old times and the everyday life of the Poles living in Lida as well as their culture and language.
With regard to the peculiarities of the Polish language used by the inhabitants of Lida, the
author presents her remarks on the phonetics, inflection, syntax, and vocabulary
The Labor Market in KIMOD
No full textThis is a description of the labor market sector in the dynamic medium term macroeconomic model KIMOD developed at the National Institute of Economic Research (NIER). Unemployment is caused by matching inefficiencies of the type described by C. Pissarides in Equilibrium Unemployment, 2000. Unemployed workers and firms with vacant jobs are engaged in costly search for a profitable match. Total hirings from unemployment into employment depend on the number of unemployed workers and vacant jobs. Flows into unemployment come from new entrants into the labor force and from exogenous separation of matched job - worker pairs. Wages are set in individual negotiations between the worker and the firm in a match, according to the Nash bargaining solution. Some inertia in real wages follows from unemployment benefits being indexed to the previous period?s market wage. These features lead to an unemployment rate which adjusts with some inertia towards a long run equilibrium level. Turnover costs provide some incentives for labor hoarding by firms during temporary downturns. The effects on the economy from variations in hours worked due to variations in the labor force are distinct from those due to variations in average working time. The model is used to estimate the equilibrium unemployment level in Sweden from Swedish labor market data on unemployment and vacancieslabor market; matching; modeling; search; unemployment; wage bargaining
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