345,150 research outputs found
Spatial Chow-Lin Methods for Data Completion in Econometric Flow Models
No full textFlow data across regions can be modeled by spatial econometric models, see LeSage and Pace (2009). Recently, regional studies became interested in the aggregation and disaggregation of flow models, because trade data cannot be obtained at a disaggregated level but data are published on an aggregate level. Furthermore, missing data in disaggregated flow models occur quite often since detailed measurements are often not possible at all observation points in time and space. In this paper we develop classical and Bayesian methods to complete flow data. The Chow and Lin (1971) method was developed for completing disaggregated incomplete time series data. We will extend this method in a general framework to spatially correlated flow data using the cross-sectional Chow-Lin method of Polasek et al. (2009). The missing disaggregated data can be obtained either by feasible GLS prediction or by a Bayesian (posterior) predictive density.Missing values in spatial econometrics, MCMC, non-spatial Chow-Lin (CL) and spatial Chow-Lin (SCL) methods, spatial internal flow (SIF) models, origin and destination (OD) data
SPATIAL CHOW-LIN METHODS: BAYESIAN AND ML FORECAST COMPARISONS
No full textCompleting data that are collected in disaggregated and heterogeneous spatial units is a quite frequent problem in spatial analyses of regional data. Chow and Lin (1971) (CL) were the rst to develop a uni ed framework for the three problems (interpolation, extrapolation and distribution) of predicting disaggregated times series by so-called indicator series. This paper develops a spatial CL procedure for disaggregating cross-sectional spatial data and compares the Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian spatial CL forecasts with the naive pro rata error distribution. We outline the error covariance structure in a spatial context, derive the BLUE for the ML estimator and the Bayesian estimation procedure by MCMC. Finally we
apply the procedure to European regional GDP data and discuss the disaggregation assumptions. For the evaluation of the spatial Chow-Lin procedure we assume that only NUTS 1 GDP is known and predict it at NUTS 2 by using employment and spatial information available at NUTS 2. The spatial neighborhood is de ned by the inverse travel time by car in minutes. Finally, we present the forecast accuracy criteria comparing the predicted values with the actual observations.
Spiniphilus spinicornis Lin & Bi 2011
No full textSpiniphilus spinicornis Lin & Bi, 2011 (Figs. 1 & 3) Spiniphilus spinicornis Lin & Bi, 2011: 55, figs. 1–2. Remarks. There is a mistake in Lin & Bi (2011). Fig. 9 a is dorsal view while Fig. 9 b is ventral view. Distribution. China: Yunnan. Material examined. Holotype (26.0 mm long), male, China, Yunnan Prov., Yingjiang (24 ° 46 ′N, 97 ° 58 ′E), 1700 m, 1980. IV. 15, leg. Ping Gao (IZAS, IOZ (E) 1859320). Paratypes: 1 female (37.0 mm long), same data as holotype but 1980. IV. 21, IOZ (E) 1859322; 2 males, Yunnan prov., Tengchong County, Longchuanjiang (24 ° 55 ′N, 98 ° 42 ′E), alt. 1050 m, 2006. V. 16, leg. Ping Zhao by light trap (IZAS, IOZ (E) 1859321 & CCCC). Additional material. 2 males, Yunnan, Tengchong County, Mt. Laifengshan (25.019 °N, 98.485 °E), alt. 1700 m, 2011. V. 6, leg. Wan-Gang Liu (IZAS, specimens in alcohol, with one male sent to Petr Švácha for molecular study).Published as part of Bi, Wenxuan & Lin, Meiying, 2015, Discovery of second new species of the genus Spiniphilus Lin & Bi, and female of Heterophilus scabricollis Pu with its biological notes (Coleoptera: Vesperidae: Philinae: Philini), pp. 575-583 in Zootaxa 3949 (4) on page 576, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3949.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/24151
Come tradurre Milo De Angelis
No full textThe section presents the Chinese translation of four poems by Milo De Angelis, who is
among the best Italian contemporary poets. The poems are taken from the collection "Incontri e agguati" (Mondadori, 201 5). The texts are both in Italian and Chinese in parallel
text. Yang Lin, with the help of Geng Jiang (Chinese musician and poet), took care of the
translation.
The section opens with a note made by the translation group that analyses the processes
of the transposition of the dense poetic language of De Angelis into the Chinese language.
There follows an enlightening letter from Milo De Angelis to the translation group. The four
poems in Chinese and Italian complete the section
Singaporemma banxiaoensis Lin & Li 2014
No full textSingaporemma banxiaoensis Lin & Li, 2014 Figures 6B–b, 7C Singaporemma banxiaoensis Lin & Li, 2014: 42, figs 4–6, 16C–D, 20A Examined material. Holotype ♂, paratypes 1♂ and 1♀ (IZCAS), CHINA: Guangxi, Pingxiang, Xiashi Town, Xinming Village, Banxiaotun, Banxiao Cave, 22°5.542'N, 106°52.148'E, altitude 175 m, 26 July 2011, X. Wang leg. Diagnosis. Male of this species is similar to S. halongense (Fig. 6A) and S. lenachanae (Fig. 6D), but can be distinguished from the latter two by the narrower, pointed embolic tip (Fig. 6b vs. Fig. 6a, 6d), and by the vestigial white eyespots lacking black ocular base in the both sexes (see Lin & Li, 2014: fig. 4G–H vs. Lin et al., 2017: figs 16E–F, 21A). Female is close to S. takensis sp. n. in having a similar configuration of vulva, but differs from the latter by the inverted triangular inner vulval plate, the wider, shorter central process (Fig. 7C vs. Fig. 5C–D). Description. See Lin & Li, 2014: 42. Distribution. China (Guangxi) (Fig. 10).Published as part of Yan, Fanhu & Lin, Yucheng, 2018, A review of the spider genus Singaporemma (Araneae: Tetrablemmidae), with the description of a new species, pp. 329-346 in Zootaxa 4392 (2) on page 331, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4392.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/119544
Singaporemma wulongensis Lin & Li 2014
No full textSingaporemma wulongensis Lin & Li, 2014 Figures 6E–e, 7F Singaporemma wulongensis Lin & Li, 2014: 46, figs 7–9, 17, 20B Examined material. Holotype ♂, paratypes 8♂ and 20♀ (NHMSU), CHINA: Chongqing, Wulong, Tudi Town, Tiansheng Village, Xiaodong Cave, 29°31.853'N, 107°50.817'E, altitude 1050 m, 17 October 2010, L. Dou and Y. Lin leg. Diagnosis. Male of S. wulongensis differs from males of all other congeners with the exception of S. bifurcata by the furcate embolus (Fig. 6E–e vs. Fig. 6A–D, 6a–d, 6G–H, 6g –h); it differs from male of S. bifurcata by the narrower, longer oval bulb, the embolus with two equilong tip branches, and the embolus starts from the submesialback surface of bulb, but the embolus of S. bifurcata with asymmetric branches that origins from prolateral surface of bulb (Fig. 6E–e vs. Fig. 6F–f). Female of S. wulongensis seems also close to S. bifurcata having a similar vulval structure, but it can be distinguished by the lager “ω”-shaped inner vulval plate, and the longer, weakly sclerotized central process (Fig. 7F vs. Fig. 7D). Description. See Lin & Li, 2014: 46. Distribution. China (Chongqing) (Fig. 10).Published as part of Yan, Fanhu & Lin, Yucheng, 2018, A review of the spider genus Singaporemma (Araneae: Tetrablemmidae), with the description of a new species, pp. 329-346 in Zootaxa 4392 (2) on pages 344-345, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4392.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/119544
Eutetrapha weni Huang & Lin 2016
No full textEutetrapha weni Huang & Lin, 2016 Figs. 63–65 Eutetrapha weni Huang & Lin, 2016: 590, figs. 1–23. Diagnosis. This species can be separated from congeners by the unique brick red brown pubescence and unique elytral markings, larger body size, and unique golden brown metatarsi. Remarks. For descriptions, see paper by Huang & Lin (2016). The description of male genitalia was in older style (Huang & Lin 2 016) and some terminology terms are changed in this work: median lobe plus median struts = median lobe; internal sac = endophallus; basal armature = basal plate-like sclerites; rods of endophallus = rod-like sclerites. Distribution. China: Guizhou. Material examined. Holotype, male (Fig. 62, and Figs. 1 a & 1b in Huang & Lin 2016), China, Guizhou, Leishan, Mt. Leigongshan, Lianhuaping, N26°22′, E108°12′, alt. 1631 m, 2014. VI.18, leg. Jing Yang (IZAS, IOZ (E) 1905306, ex KLUC). Paratypes: 1 female, same data to holotype but deposited in (KLUC); 1 female, same data to holotype but 2014. VI.16 and deposited in (KLUC); 1 male (Fig. 13 in Huang & Lin 2016) 1 female (Figs. 8 a, 8b & 14 in Huang & Lin 2016), same data to holotype but 2014. VI.21, leg. Yang Li (IZAS, IOZ (E) 1905304–05, ex KLUC); 1 female (Fig. 65), same data to holotype but, 2011. VIII.11, leg. Jian-Yue Qiu & Hao Xu (CWD); 1 female, same data to holotype, but 2015. VII.12, leg. Bo-Yan Li (CGQH); 1 male (Fig. 64), S. China, SE. Guizhou, Dushan County, Gengdingshan env., N25°52.5′, E107°38′, alt. 1445 m, 2009.VI, leg. Sehnal et Hackel (CPV).Published as part of Lin, Mei-Ying, Bi, Wen-Xuan & Yang, Xing-Ke, 2017, A revision of the genus Eutetrapha Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini), pp. 151-202 in Zootaxa 4238 (2) on pages 172-173, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4238.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/34519
[19] F. Lin and W. M. Wonham, 1990. Decentralized control and coordination of discrete event systems with partial observation.
No full textdiscrete event systems. Discrete Event Dynamic Systems: Theory and Applications, 4(3), pp. 221-236. [9] M. Heymann and F. Lin, 1996. Nonblocking supervisory control of nondeterministic systems, Technion CIS Report #9620, October 1996. [10] M. Heymann and F. Lin, 1995. On observability and nondeterminism in discrete event control, Proceedings of the 33rd Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, pp. 136-145. [11] M. Heymann and F. Lin, 1996. Discrete event control of nondeterministic discrete event systems, Proceedings of the 35th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, to appear. [12] J. E. Hopcroft and J. D. Ullman. Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages and Computation. Addison-Wesley, 1979. [13] K. Inan, 1994. Nondeterministic supervision under partial observation. in G. Cohen and J.-P. Quadrat, Eds., 11th International Conference on Analysis and Optimization o
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