418 research outputs found
Controlling occupational cancers in Australia
No full textLin Fritschi, Renae C Fernandez, Deborah A Vallance, Terry J Slevin, Alison Reid, Timothy R Driscoll, Deborah C Glas
Crassacarus fritschi Bochkov
No full textCrassacarus fritschi Bochkov, OConnor and Klompen sp. nov. (Figs. 56, 57) Description. FEMALE (holotype). Body, including gnathosoma, 535 long and 415 wide. Gnathosoma about 135 long and 165 wide. Palp 85 long and 47 wide. Lengths of palpalae (Fig. 57 A): dF 44, dG 27, and l”G 29. Setae vF 100 long, smooth. Subcapitulum with 1 pair of ventro-lateral projections. Peritrematal branch 105 long. Idiosoma 405 long. Smooth cuticle between peritrematal branches and transverse striations apunctate. Setae h 2 smooth, other dorsal setae serrate. Dorsal shield unornamented, 165 long and 335 wide, trapezoidal in shape, with rounded angles, widely concave anterior margin and almost straight posterior margin. Idiosoma ventrally without scales or verrucosities, distinctly striated. Coxal fields I and II with weakly developed soft posterior lobe. Lengths of setae: vi, ve, si, se, and c 2 135–150, h 2 110. Solenidia ω 1 I and ω 1 II 9–10 long, narrow straight and conical, with rounded apex. Legs I and II with 5 articulated segments (femur and genu separated). Femora I and II bearing 2 setae, d and v; genua I and II bearing 1 seta l’. Leg III with 2 articulated segments, basal segment with 1 seta, apical segment with 4 / 6 setae. Leg IV with 5 setae. MALE. Unknown. Type material. Holotype female (UMMZ BMOC 08- 1110 -002, # 1), 1 female paratype [strongly damaged] (UMMZ BMOC 08- 1110 -002, # 2) from Bombycilla cedrorum Vieillot (Passeriformes: Bombycillidae) (UMMZ 241853) [on head], USA: Michigan, Muskegon Co., Muskegon State game Area, along US route 31, 43.2961989 °N, 86.0668945 °W, 11 July 2008, coll. R.A. Wolinski. Type deposition. Holotype and paratype in UMMZ. Etymology. This species is dedicated to the late German acarologist, Dr. W. Fritsch author of an important early work on Harpirhynchidae. Hosts and distribution. Bombycilla cedrorum (Passeriformes: Bombycillidae) from USA (Michigan) (present paper). Differential diagnosis. Females of Crassacarus fritschi sp. nov. (males unknown) are close to those of C. sialia sp. nov. (see below) in having strongly elongated palps, four-segmented legs I and II, and two-segmented legs III. Females of these species differ from each other by the following features. In C. fritschi sp. nov., setae vF are smooth (vs. serrate in C. sialia sp. nov.), setae h 2 are 110 long (vs. 60–70), genua I and II bear one seta each (l’) (vs. without setae), leg III is with 4–6 setae (vs. 7 setae), and leg IV is with 5 setae (vs. 7 setae).Published as part of Bochkov, Andre V, Oconnor, Barry M. & Klompen, Hans, 2015, A review of the mite subfamily Harpirhynchinae (Acariformes: Harpirhynchidae) — parasites of New World birds (Aves: Neognathae), pp. 1-130 in Zootaxa 4023 (1) on pages 71-72, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4023.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/39983
Cancer in textile workers
No full textDr Jacqueline (Lin) E Fritschi$AUD 105,428.33NHMRC Project GrantsPublic Health Project Gran
Population based incidence and age distribution of spermatocytic seminoma
No full textPurpose: Spermatocytic seminoma is a rare subtype of testicular germ cell tumor which has been reported to occur in elderly men. We report the first population based estimate of incidence, temporal trends and age distribution of this tumor. Materials and Methods: All cases of primary testicular cancer identified by cancer registries in Australia between 1982 and 2002 were available for analysis. The International Classification of Diseases for Oncology code M-9063/3 was used to identify spermatocytic seminomas. Incidence trends were modeled using Poisson regression. Results: There were 58 cases of spermatocytic seminoma out of 9,658 cases of primary malignant testicular neoplasms identified by the cancer registries. This tumor comprised 1.1% of all seminoma and the age standardized incidence rate was 0.4 per million (95% CI 0.3-0.6). A temporal increase in incidence was found but not one reaching statistically significance. Age at diagnosis ranged from 19 to 92 years with a mean of 53.5 (SD 16.7) and a median of 54 years. Conclusions: Spermatocytic seminoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis for testicular germ cell tumors presenting in young adults because this tumor occurs as often in men younger than 55 years as it does in older men. Although rare, the occurrence of this tumor is not as singular as the current literature suggests
Trends in testicular germ cell cancer incidence in Australia
No full textObjective: Although increasing incidence of testicular\ud
germ cell cancer has been reported in many developed\ud
nations, national estimates for Australia, with histological\ud
differentiation, are not currently available.-----\ud
Methods: Using data from all state and territory population-\ud
based cancer registries in Australia, this paper reports\ud
on incidence trends for seminomas and non-seminomas in\ud
Australia between 1982 and 2004 using Joinpoint and Age–\ud
Period–Cohort models.-----\ud
Results: Of the 10,528 testicular germ cell cancers diagnosed\ud
during this period, 6086 (58%) were seminomas.\ud
Incidence rates have increased (2.6% per year) in Australia\ud
since 1982, with the effect stronger among seminomas\ud
(3.4% per year) rather than non-seminomas (1.4% per\ud
year). There was a strong age effect evident for both subtypes,\ud
peaking in the 25–29 year age group for nonseminomas\ud
and the 30–34 year age group for seminomas.\ud
Non-seminoma rates reflected a significant birth cohort\ud
effect, following a U-shaped pattern with the lowest risk\ud
among the 1,945 birth cohort.-----\ud
Conclusions: The differential trends observed for Australia\ud
for seminomas and non-seminomas are consistent\ud
with those reported for the United States, but slightly\ud
different to those reported for Europe. The trends may\ud
be at least partly due to changes over time in the\ud
prevalence of etiologic or protective factors around the\ud
time of birth
Association between shiftwork and the risk of colorectal cancer in females: a population-based case-control study
No full textPublished Online First 3 February 2018Objective: Research indicates that shiftwork may be associated with increased risks of adverse health outcomes, including some cancers. However, the evidence of an association between shiftwork and colorectal cancer risk is limited and inconclusive. Further, while several possible pathways through which shiftwork might result in cancer have been proposed, few studies have taken these factors into account. We investigated the association between two types of shiftwork (graveyard shiftwork and early-morning shiftwork) and six mechanistic shiftwork variables (including light at night and phase shift) and the risk of colorectal cancer among females in an Australian population-based case–control study. Graveyard shiftwork was the primary exposure of interest. Methods: Participants (350 cases and 410 controls) completed a lifetime occupational history, and exposure to each of the eight shiftwork variables was assigned to participants through a job exposure matrix. We used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between different shiftwork variables and the risk of colorectal cancer, adjusting for potential demographic, lifestyle and medical confounders. Results: Working in an occupation involving long-term exposure (>7.5 years) to graveyard shiftwork was not associated with colorectal cancer risk (adjusted OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.58). Similarly, no increased risks of colorectal cancer were seen for any of the other seven shiftwork variables examined. Conclusions: No evidence of an increased risk of colorectal cancer among females who had worked in occupations involving shiftwork was observed in this study.Wa Mwenga Walasa, Renee N Carey, Si Si, Lin Fritschi, Jane S Heyworth, Renae C Fernandez, Terry Boyl
Acute myeloid leukemia after breast cancer: a population-based comparison with hematological malignancies and other cancers
No full textNon-cancer mortality among people diagnosed with lymphohaematopoietic neoplasm in Australia
No full textAssessing the effectiveness of a mammography screening service
No full textBackground: Trials have shown that mammography screening reduces mortality and probably decreases morbidity related to breast cancer. Methods: We assessed whether the major mammography service in Western Australia (BreastScreen WA) is likely to reduce mortality by comparing prognostic variables between screen-detected and other cases of breast cancer diagnosed in 1999. We assessed likely reductions in morbidity by comparing treatments received by these two groups. To confirm mortality and morbidity reduction, we also compared prognostic variables and treatments with targets. Information on demographic variables, tumour characteristics at presentation and treatments were collected from medical records for all incident cases of breast cancer in Western Australia in 1999. We matched cases with the Western Australian Cancer Registry records to determine which cases had been detected by BreastScreen WA. Results: BreastScreen WA achieved the targets for mortality reduction. Tumours detected by BreastScreen WA were smaller in size, less likely to have vascular invasion, of lower histological grade and were more likely to be ductal carcinoma in situ alone without invasive carcinoma. Oestrogen receptor status was more likely to be positive, the difference in progesterone status was not significant, and lymph node involvement tended to be lower. BreastScreen WA patients were treated more often with local therapy and less often with systemic therapy, and the proportion of patients treated with breast-conserving surgery was close to the target for minimizing morbidity in breast cancer. Conclusion: Mammographic detection of breast cancer by BreastScreen WA is associated with reduced breast cancer morbidity and a more favourable prognosis.Cassandra Clayforth, Lin Fritschi, Suzanne McEvoy, Michael J. Byrne, Elizabeth Wylie, Tim Threlfall, Greg Sterrett, Jennet M. Harvey and Konrad Jamrozi
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