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Experimental measurement and numerical analysis on resonant characteristics of piezoelectric disks with partial electrode designs
No full text
Theoretical ,Numerical and Experimental Investigation on Resonant Vibrations of Piezoceramic Annular Disks
No full textExperimental Measurements and Theoretical Analysis on Dynamic Characteristics of Piezoelectric Components
No full text壓電元件於不同介質中的
動態特性研究與實驗量測
摘要
由於壓電材料在感測、通訊、生醫以及航海、海底探勘、軍事防禦等方面的廣泛應用，因此壓電元件在各種介質中振動特性之分析乃十分重要的課題。因為水中振動分析時模態擷取較為困難，應用解析度與清晰度高的振幅變動電子斑點干涉術將使水中振動分析有所突破。
本論文將使用光學全域式的振幅變動電子斑點干涉術以及逐點式的雷射都卜勒振動儀和阻抗分析儀等三種實驗量測技術，並配合有限元素分析和理論解析針對壓電陶瓷圓盤以及其他較複雜幾何形狀之壓電陶瓷元件在空氣中與不同液體介質中的振動特性加以分析，以期能對於壓電元件更廣泛之應用與更深入的研究分析能有所助益。此外由於壓電陶瓷材料機械場與電場之耦合，改變披覆於其上之電極面形狀和大小將使機電耦合係數發生改變，因此本文也致力於探討不同電極設計對於壓電圓盤振動特性之影響。所有的實驗量測、理論解析以及數值分析結果都具有相當程度的一致性，對於壓電元件在不同介質中振動特性的了解有很大的幫助。Experimental Measurements and Theoretical Analysis on Dynamic Characteristics of Piezoelectric Components
ABSTRACT
The investigation on the resonant characteristics of piezoelectric components both in the air and under liquids is very important because of the wide applications of piezoelectric material on sensor/actuator, communication, biomedical field, navigation, underwater exploration and national defense. Since it is difficult to get the mode shapes under liquids, the utilizing of AF-ESPI, which has the benefits of high resolution and clarity, can facilitate the under water resonant analysis.
In this dissertation, three experimental techniques, including AF-ESPI, LDV, and impedance analyzer, are adopted to obtain the vibration characteristics of piezoceramic components, such as disks, plates, composite laminates and bimorphs, in the air and under various liquids. The experimental results are compared with the FEM and analytical solutions. In addition, based on the coupling of mechanical and electrical fields of piezoelectric material, different designs of electrodes covered on the faces of the piezoelectric components will change the resonant characteristics of these components. The influences of electrode designs on resonant properties are also discussed in detail in this research. The results of the experimental and theoretical analysis are essentially in good agreement, and they provide complete information of the vibration characteristics of piezoelectric components in different kinds of media.目 錄
誌謝 I
摘要 III
目錄 V
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 XI
第一章 緒論
1-1 研究動機 1
1-2 文獻回顧 4
1-3 內容簡介 11
第二章 實驗技術基本理論及架設
2-1 電子斑點干涉術 13
2-1-1 面外振動的量測 14
2-1-2 面內振動的量測 19
2-1-3 面外振動量測與面內振動量測的比較 22
2-2 雷射都卜勒振動儀 23
2-2-1 簡介 23
2-2-2 新型雷射都卜勒振動/干涉儀的量測原理 24
2-2-3 AVID-DSA量測架構說明 27
2-3 阻抗分析 29
2-3-1 阻抗分析基本原理 29
2-3-2 阻抗分析實驗設備 31
第三章 壓電陶瓷圓盤與壓電陶瓷圓環之振動特性分析
3-1壓電理論 34
3-2壓電陶瓷圓盤振動特性理論分析 38
3-2-1 壓電陶瓷圓盤振動特性分析理論推導 38
3-2-2 壓電陶瓷圓盤彎曲振動特性理論分析 41
3-2-3 壓電陶瓷圓盤剪切振動特性理論分析 45
3-2-4 壓電陶瓷圓盤徑向伸展振動特性理論分析 47
3-3壓電陶瓷圓盤振動特性實驗量測與數值分析、理論解析
之比較 50
3-3-1 彎曲振動實驗量測與數值分析、理論解析之比較 50
3-3-2 徑向伸展振動實驗量測與數值分析、理論解析
之比較 53
3-3-3 剪切振動數值分析與理論解析結果之比較 55
3-4忽略壓電性質之壓電陶瓷圓盤振動特性分析 56
3-4-1 理論分析 56
3-4-2 數值分析 61
3-4-3 結果與討論 61
3-5 壓電陶瓷圓盤振動特性與溫度之關係 63
3-5-1 簡介 63
3-5-2 壓電陶瓷圓盤振動時溫度與電壓之關係 64
3-5-3 壓電陶瓷圓盤振動時溫度變化與模態數之關係 65
3-5-4 壓電陶瓷圓盤振動時共振頻率與溫度之關係 65
3-6壓電陶瓷圓環振動特性理論分析 66
3-6-1 壓電陶瓷圓環振動特性分析理論推導 66
3-6-2 壓電陶瓷圓環彎曲振動特性理論分析 67
3-6-3 壓電陶瓷圓環剪切振動特性理論分析 72
3-6-4 壓電陶瓷圓環徑向伸展振動特性理論分析 73
3-7壓電陶瓷圓環振動特性實驗量測與數值分析、理論解析
之比較 76
3-7-1 壓電陶瓷圓環彎曲振動實驗量測與數值分析、
理論解析之比較 76
3-7-2 壓電陶瓷圓環徑向伸展振動實驗量測與數值分析、
理論解析之比較 79
3-7-3 壓電陶瓷圓環剪切振動數值分析與理論解析結果
之比較 80
3-7-4 結論 81
第四章 部分電極壓電圓盤之振動特性分析
4-1 環狀切割電極壓電陶瓷圓盤振動特性分析 83
4-1-1 簡介 84
4-1-2 環狀切割電極振動特性實驗量測與數值分析 86
4-1-3 結果與討論 87
4-2徑向切割電極壓電圓盤振動特性分析 91
4-2-1 簡介 91
4-2-2 徑向切割電極振動特性實驗量測與數值分析結果
與討論 92
4-2-3 結論 96
第五章 壓電陶瓷複合層板之振動特性分析
5-1 不同疊層角度之壓電陶瓷複合層板振動特性分析 99
5-1-1 簡介 99
5-1-2 壓電陶瓷複合層板振動特性實驗量測 100
5-1-3 壓電陶瓷複合層板振動特性數值分析 101
5-1-4 結果與討論 102
5-2壓電雙晶片振動特性分析 105
5-2-1 簡介 105
5-2-2 壓電雙晶片振動特性實驗量測 107
5-2-3 壓電雙晶片振動特性數值分析 108
5-2-4 結果與討論 109
第六章 壓電陶瓷元件於不同介質中之振動特性分析
6-1 不同介質中壓電陶瓷平板振動特性分析 113
6-1-1 不同介質中壓電陶瓷平板振動特性實驗量測 113
6-1-2 不同介質中壓電陶瓷平板振動特性有限元素分析 115
6-1-3 結果與討論 117
6-2各種介質中壓電雙晶片振動特性分析 121
6-2-1各種介質中壓電雙晶片振動特性實驗量測 121
6-2-2空氣中及水中壓電雙晶片振動特性有限元素分析 122
6-2-3結果與討論 124
第七章 結論
7-1 本文主要成果 127
7-2 未來展望 128
參考文獻 130
表 目 錄
表3-1 壓電陶瓷圓盤之材料係數 38
表3-2 壓電陶瓷圓盤彎曲模態共振頻率比較 137
表3-3 壓電陶瓷圓盤徑向伸展模態共振頻率比較 137
表3-4 壓電陶瓷圓盤徑向伸展模態機電耦合係數比較 137
表3-5 壓電陶瓷圓盤剪切模態共振頻率比較 138
表3-6 壓電陶瓷圓環彎曲模態共振頻率比較 139
表3-7 壓電陶瓷圓環徑向伸展模態共振頻率比較 139
表3-8 壓電陶瓷圓環剪切模態共振頻率比較 139
表4-1(a) 環狀部分電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第一種電極連接方式AF-ESPI與FEM分析結果前八個面外共振頻率比較 140
表4-1(b) 環狀部分電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第二種電極連接方式AF-ESPI與FEM分析結果前八個面外共振頻率比較 141
表4-2(a) 環狀部分電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第一種電極連接方式AF-ESPI、阻抗分析與FEM分析結果前四個面內共振頻率比較 142
表4-2(b) 環狀部分電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第二種電極連接方式AF-ESPI、阻抗分析與FEM分析結果前四個面內共振頻率比較 142
表4-3 四種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤之前八個面外模態共振頻率比較 143
表4-4 四種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤之面內模態共振頻率比較 144
表4-5 第四種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤在0-75kHz之共振
模態 146
表5-1(a) 壓電陶瓷層APC856材料常數 106
表5-1(b) 複合材料層CFRP材料常數 106
表5-2 壓電雙晶片AF-ESPI、LDV與阻抗分析實驗與數值分析頻率比較 150
表6-1 各種流體之材料性質 114
表6-2 壓電陶瓷平板在不同流體中AF-ESPI與FEM分析
之共振頻率結果比較 151
表6-3 壓電雙晶片在空氣中及水中AF-ESPI與FEM分析之
共振頻率結果比較 153
圖 目 錄
圖2-1 面外振動之光學架設 19
圖2-2 面內振動之光學架設 21
圖2-3 新型雷射都卜勒振動/干涉儀的光學架設 26
圖2-4 AVID-DSA系統架構圖 28
圖2-5 壓電體的頻率阻抗曲線 31
圖2-6 HP4194A阻抗分析儀 32
圖3-1 壓電圓盤的外觀及尺寸示意圖 39
圖3-2 壓電陶瓷圓盤彎曲共振模態振形比較 155
圖3-3 壓電陶瓷圓盤LDV頻率響應圖 157
圖3-4 壓電陶瓷圓盤彎曲模態理論分析及數值計算值差異
與厚度/直徑比之關係 158
圖3-5 壓電陶瓷圓盤前兩個彎曲模態理論分析與數值計算
之W方向位移變化 159
圖3-6 壓電陶瓷圓盤徑向伸展共振模態振形比較 160
圖3-7 壓電陶瓷圓盤阻抗分析圖 161
圖3-8 壓電陶瓷圓盤理論計算阻抗圖 161
圖3-9 壓電陶瓷圓盤徑向伸展模態理論分析及數值計算值
差異與厚度/直徑比之關係 162
圖3-10 壓電陶瓷圓盤前兩個徑向伸展模態理論分析與數值
計算之U方向位移變化 163
圖3-11 彎曲模態由理論與FEM分析所得到的忽略壓電
效應與存在壓電效應下之共振頻率比較 164
圖3-12 徑向伸展模態由理論與FEM分析所得到的忽略
壓電效應與存在壓電效應下之共振頻率比較 164
圖3-13 壓電效應對彎曲振動模態共振頻率影響 165
圖3-14 MV100量測紀錄器 63
圖3-15 不同試片之圓盤上外圍位置的溫度變化 166
圖3-16 不同試片之圓盤上中心點的溫度變化 167
圖3-17(a)第三個徑向伸展模態其溫度與電壓大小之關係 168
圖3-17(b)第四個徑向伸展模態其溫度與電壓大小之關係 168
圖3-17(c)第五個徑向伸展模態其溫度與電壓大小之關係 169
圖3-18 前五個徑向伸展模態溫度變化之情形 170
圖3-19 溫度對壓電陶瓷圓盤共振頻率之影響 171
圖3-20 壓電陶瓷圓環之外觀示意圖 66
圖3-21 壓電陶瓷圓環之外觀與尺寸示意圖 76
圖3-22 壓電陶瓷圓環彎曲共振模態振形比較 172
圖3-23 壓電陶瓷圓環LDV頻率響應圖 174
圖3-24 壓電陶瓷圓環彎曲模態頻率參數與內徑/外徑比之
關係 175
圖3-25 壓電陶瓷圓環徑向伸展共振模態振形比較 176
圖3-26 壓電陶瓷圓環實驗與理論之阻抗分析曲線 177
圖3-27 壓電陶瓷圓環徑向伸展模態頻率參數與內徑/外徑
比之關係 178
圖4-1(a) 環狀切割電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第一種電極連接方式
84
圖4-1(b) 環狀切割電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第二種電極連接方式
85
圖4-1(c) 環狀切割電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第三種電極連接方式
85
圖4-2 環狀部分電極壓電陶瓷圓盤AF-ESPI實驗結果前
八個面外模態振型與共振頻率 179
圖4-3 環狀部分電極壓電陶瓷圓盤AF-ESPI實驗結果前
四個面內模態振型與共振頻率 181
圖4-4(a) 環狀切割電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第一種電極連接方式
阻抗分析圖 182
圖4-4(b) 環狀切割電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第二種電極連接方式
阻抗分析圖 182
圖4-4(c) 環狀切割電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第三種電極連接方式
阻抗分析圖 183
圖4-5 環狀切割電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第三種電極連接方式
同心圓模態面外與面內振形圖 184
圖4-6(a) 環狀切割電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第一種電極連接方式
不同電極外徑/圓盤外徑比之頻率比較 185
圖4-6(b) 環狀切割電極壓電陶瓷圓盤第二種電極連接方式
不同電極內徑/圓盤外徑比之頻率比較 186
圖4-7 四種徑向切割電極示意圖 92
圖4-8 四種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤AF-ESPI與
FEM所得到之面外模態振形 187
圖4-9(a) 第一種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤之LDV
頻率響應圖 188
圖4-9(b) 第二種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤之LDV
頻率響應圖 188
圖4-9(c) 第三種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤之LDV
頻率響應圖 189
圖4-9(d) 第四種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤之LDV
頻率響應圖 189
圖4-10 第一種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤AF-ESPI
與FEM所得到之面內模態振形 190
圖4-11 第二種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤AF-ESPI與
FEM所得到之面內模態振形 191
圖4-12 第三種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤AF-ESPI與
FEM所得到之面內模態振形 192
圖4-13 第四種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤AF-ESPI與
FEM所得到之面內模態振形 194
圖4-14(a)第一種與第二種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷
圓盤之阻抗分析圖 195
圖4-14(b)第三與第四種徑向切割電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤
之阻抗分析圖 195
圖4-15 第四種徑向切割部分電極設計壓電陶瓷圓盤
在 0-75kHz 之阻抗分析曲線 196
圖5-1 壓電陶瓷複合層板外形及尺寸示意圖 100
圖5-2 壓電陶瓷平板AF-ESPI實驗與FEM分析結果 197
圖5-3 壓電陶瓷複合層板AF-ESPI實驗與FEM分析結果 199
圖5-4 壓電陶瓷
複合層板AF-ESPI實驗與FEM分析結果 201
圖5-5 壓電陶瓷
複合層板AF-ESPI實驗與FEM分析結果 203
圖5-6 壓電陶瓷
複合層板AF-ESPI實驗與FEM分析結果 205
圖5-7 壓電陶瓷複合
層板AF-ESPI實驗與FEM分析結果 208
圖5-8 壓電陶瓷平板阻抗分析曲線 210
圖5-9 壓電陶瓷複合層板
阻抗分析曲線 210
圖5-10 壓電陶瓷
複合層板阻抗分析曲線 211
圖5-11 壓電
陶瓷複合層板阻抗分析曲線 211
圖5-12 壓電
陶瓷複合層板阻抗分析曲線 212
圖5-13 壓電陶瓷複合層板
阻抗分析曲線 212
圖5-14 壓電陶瓷平板阻抗分析、FEM分析與AF-ESPI之頻率
差異 213
圖5-15 壓電陶瓷複合層板阻抗
分析、FEM分析與AF-ESPI之頻率差異 213
圖5-16 壓電陶瓷
複合層板阻抗分析、FEM分析與AF-ESPI之頻率差異
214
圖5-17 壓電陶瓷
複合層板阻抗分析、FEM分析與AF-ESPI之頻率差異
214
圖5-18 壓電陶瓷
複合層板阻抗分析、FEM分析與AF-ESPI之頻率差異
215
圖5-19 壓電陶瓷複合層板
阻抗分析、FEM分析與AF-ESPI之頻率差異 215
圖5-20 壓電雙晶片外形及尺寸側視圖 105
圖5-21 壓電雙晶片LDV頻率響應圖 216
圖5-22 壓電雙晶片阻抗分析圖 216
圖5-23 壓電雙晶片AF-ESPI實驗與FEM分析結果共振頻率
與振形 217
圖6-1 壓電陶瓷平板尺寸與邊界條件示意圖 113
圖6-2 水槽尺寸示意圖 114
圖6-3 壓電陶瓷平板在各種介質中AF-ESPI與FEM分析
結果共振頻率與振形比較 220
圖6-4(a)壓電陶瓷平板在水中振動時第一個模態水的變形
與壓力分佈圖 225
圖6-4(b)壓電陶瓷平板在水中振動時第四個模態水的變形
與壓力分佈圖 226
圖6-4(c)壓電陶瓷平板在水中振動時第六個模態水的變形
與壓力分佈圖 227
圖6-4(d)壓電陶瓷平板在水中振動時第七個模態水的變形
與壓力分佈圖 228
圖6-4(e)壓電陶瓷平板在水中振動時第八個模態水的變形
與壓力分佈圖 229
圖6-5 壓電雙晶片的尺寸及邊界條件示意圖 121
圖6-6 壓電雙晶片在空氣中及水中AF-ESPI與FEM分析
結果共振頻率與振形比較 230
圖6-7 壓電雙晶片置於不同大小容器之水中FEM分析之
共振頻率變化 233
圖6-8 AF-ESPI實驗所得到之壓電雙晶片在不同流體中共振
頻率與振形之比較 234
圖6-9 壓電雙晶片在80mm×80mm×80mm容器水中之阻抗
分析曲線 237
圖6-10 壓電雙晶片在80mm×80mm×5mm容器水中之阻抗分析曲線 237
圖6-11 壓電雙晶片在80mm×80mm×80mm容器甘油中之
阻抗分析曲線 23
An Influence Analysis on Urban Renewal Application Process by the Characteristics of Landlords in Taipei City Using Game Theory
No full text隨著都市發展，在土地資源有限的情況下，都市更新的重要性也逐漸增加，加上政府近年來大力推動，都市更新已成為當今最重要的空間議題之一。要落實更新的基本條件是取得地主同意，申請更新事業計畫。然而，此過程需花費許多交易成本。而本研究即是探討「地主特質以及地主和實施者間的策略互動對交易成本的影響」。
本研究是以賽局理論進行分析。由於地主和實施者間必須合作才能實現更新利益，但就更新利益的分配上又彼此競爭；因此，雙方行動均會對他方的策略與報酬造成影響。由於該策略互動的特質很適合以賽局進行分析，故透過建立更新賽局的方式，分析地主和實施者間達成合意的過程。研究結果發現：「地主特質」與「地主和實施者在協商過程採取的策略互動」均會影響更新的推動時程。同時也發現：「若地主與實施者皆能以合作的態度進行協商，不但可增加雙方的報酬，同時也能避免更新的延宕」。As city is growing, the importance of urban renewal has increased. Under the government‘s impulsion, urban renewal has been one of the most important issues nowadays. To implement the plan, it needs to obtain the landlords’ consent to apply for urban renewal business plan. However, the process of land integration needs considerable transaction cost. The research is to analyze how the characteristics of landlords and the bargain strategies used by landlords and developer affect transaction cost.
Game theory was adopted in the research. Since implementation of urban renewal needs cooperation of landlords and developer but both sides compete the same interests of urban renewal, the actions from one side will affect the other side’s strategies and payoff. Because of the above, this bargain process can be analyzed with game theory. An urban renewal game was built to analyze the process of achieving an agreement between landlords and developer. The finding is that both of “the characteristics of landlords” and “the interactions between landlords and developer” indeed affect the prograss of implementing urban renewal. Besides, the study also finds that if landlords and developer can cooperate, both sides’ payoff will raise and the delay of urban renewal can be avoided
Cutaneous metaplastic synovial cyst: unusual presentation with "a bag of worms".
No full textBACKGROUND: Cutaneous metaplastic synovial cyst (CMSC) is a rare cystic tumor that is unfamiliar to most dermatologists. A traumatic history usually precedes its onset. CMSC is often misdiagnosed as suture granuloma clinically. A correct diagnosis requires histopathologic examination to reveal its characteristic features, that is, a cystic tumor line by synovium-like structure. OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of CMSC encountered during dermatologic surgery practice. We present an unusual case with elongated projections. METHODS: A case report and literature review are presented. CONCLUSION: The differential diagnosis of tender cutaneous cysts should include CMSC. Projections from the cyst wall may attain significant size and give the intraoperative impression of a "bag of worms ."
Microphase separation Analysis of A-block-(B-graft-C) Linear-comb Copolymers by Dissipative Particle Dynamics
No full text我們運用耗散粒子動力學模擬A-block-(B-graft-C)梳狀共聚合物的相行為，此篇論文中我們排除了接枝比例所帶來的影響，假設梳狀共聚合物中每一個B粒子均接上一個C粒子。藉由改變作用力參數、組成與聚合度，我們成功的建構A-block-(B-graft-C)共聚合物一系列的相圖，並發現到來自A-線性端與BC-梳狀端所形成的二種等級特徵尺寸共存的微結構。首先藉由aAC = aBC值與aAB值的改變可以觀察到微結構的衍變，甚至進一步發現到結構內有結構的階段性結構。除此之外，我們更由聚合度與組成的關係發現到兩種等級特徵尺寸共存的微結構與BC-梳狀端的鏈段長度息息相關，當BC-梳狀端的鏈段長度較短時，其B成分均存在於A區塊與C區塊的界面中；當BC-梳狀端的鏈段長度足夠長時，我們則可以發現到BC分離的小尺寸層狀垂直於大尺寸結構的階段性結構。因此，隨著組成fA的增加，形成一系列階段性結構的聚合度也隨著上升。最後，我們更利用作用力參數aAB值、aAC值、aBC值的改變發現到aAC值較低時，aBC值提高時無法觀察到二種特徵尺寸的微結構，主要是因為A與B十分相容無法造成A-線性端與BC-梳狀端的大尺寸分離；aAC值較高時，由於A對B以及A與B對C不相容時造成A-線性端與BC-梳狀端的大尺寸分離與BC-區塊內的小尺寸分離，甚至當aAC值、aBC值很高的情況下造成BC鏈段越來越伸展，導致在二種特徵等級尺寸共存的微結構中會造成大尺寸微結構的轉變。由以上的所有結果也顯示出作用力參數、組成與聚合度對於階段性結構的形成均扮演著不可或缺的角色。We employ the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) to examine the microphase separation of A-block-(B-graft-C) copolymer. In this study, the effects caused by connect of ratio were reduced, and it was hypothesized that in the linear-comb copolymer, every B bead were attached with a C bead. Taking advantage of changing interaction parameter, composition, and degree of polymerization, we succeeded in constructing a series phase diagram of A-block-(B-graft-C) copolymer. Moreover, we found a hierachical structure with two length scales, i.e., the so-called structure-within-structure, can be induced by A-coil block and BC-comb block. First of all, by vary the value of interaction parameter, aAC = aBC and aAB, we can observe the morphology transition, or even find the hierachical structure. In addition, we also discovered that hierachical structure and the length of the BC-comb block are closely related by looking into the relation between degree of polymerization and composition. In other words, when the length of the BC-comb block is shorter, the resulting morphology is mainly in the large-length-scale ordering between the A-rich and C-rich domains with most of the B in the interfaces; on the other hand, when the length of the BC-comb block is long enough, we can find the hierachical structure of the same as the experiment. Therefore, along with the increase of A composition fA, the degree of polymerization in hierachical structure would increase in series as well. Finally, we manipulated interaction parameter, aAB、aAC、aBC, and found that under low aAC, we cannot observe the micro-structure of hierachical structure even if we raise aBC. This is due to the fact that the high miscibility of A and B would block the large-length-scale separation of A-coil block and BC-comb block. On the other hand, under higher aAC, the large-length-scale separation of A- coil block and BC-comb block, and the small-length scale separation of BC-domain would occur resulting from the immiscibility of A to B and A or B to C. Moreover, under very high aAC and aBC, BC-chain would stretch ever more, which then causes the large-length-scale morphology varies in the hierachical structure. By vary the value of interaction parameter, aAB、aAC、aBC, we found that hierachical structure must be formed under higher interaction parameter. To boil down, from the results we find that interaction parameter, composition, and degree of polymerization all play in indisputable role in forming hierachical structure.目錄
誌謝Ⅰ
中文摘要Ⅱ
英文摘要Ⅲ
簡介1
耗散粒子動力學模擬方法5
結果與討論8
結論18
參考文獻19
圖例說明2
Experimental Measurement and Numerical Analysis on Resonant Characteristics of Cantilever Plates for Piezoceramic Bimorphs
No full textEarly Intervention for Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants: Effects on Interactive Behavior and Heart Rate Variability in Feeding
No full textPurpose: This study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of early intervention for very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight <1,500 g) preterm infants in mother-infant feeding interaction at 4 and 6 months corrected age. Methods: This study enrolled 62 term infants and 179 VLBW infants that the latter were randomly assigned into usual care program (UCP), clinic-based intervention program (CBIP) and home-based intervention (HBIP) group. Mother-infant dyads feeding activity were examined using the Assessment of Mother Infant Sensitivity- Chinese version (AMIS-C). Infants’ heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed using an electrocardiography at 4 and 6 months corrected age. Results: For interactive behavior, the CBIP group showed significantly higher maternal scores on the AMIS-C than the HBIP at 4 and 6 months corrected age (p = 0.004); whereas, the infant, dyadic and total scores of all groups were comparable. As for the physiological response, all groups showed similar HRV at baseline and during feeding at 6 months corrected age. Furthermore, a higher AMIS-C dyadic and total score on at 4 months were associated with a smaller change in some HRV indices from baseline to feeding at 6 months in all groups (all r=-0.16, p<0.05). A higher AMIS-C maternal and total score on at 6 months was each associated with a smaller change in some HRV indices from baseline to feeding at 6 months (r=-0.20 to -0.16, all p<0.05). Conclusion: VLBW preterm dyads showed comparable interactive behavior and infant’s heart rate variable than term dyads during feeding at 4 and 6 months corrected age. Early intervention delivered at clinic visit was more beneficial than that delivered at home in altering maternal feeding behavior during the follow-up period.Content試委員會審定書......................................І謝..................................................І Іcknowledgments ......................................І І Іart I: Reliability and Responsiveness of the Assessment of Mother-Infant Sensitivity- Chinese version when Used on Preterm and Term Taiwanese Mother-Infant Dyadsbstract..............................................i. Introduction.......................................1.1 Background .......................................1.2 Purposes..........................................2. Methods............................................2.1 Participants......................................2.2 Testing Procedure and Instrument..................3.3 Statistical Analysis..............................5. Results ...........................................6.1 Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability of AMIS-C .....6.2 Internal Consistency of AMIS-C ...................7.3 Comparison of AMIS-C Individual Section and Total Score between Term and Preterm Dyads .......................8.4 Responsiveness of AMIS-C..........................8. Discussion.........................................8.1 Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability of the AMIS-C..8.2 Internal Consistency of the AMIS-C................9.3 Responsiveness of the AMIS-C .................... 11.4 Study Limitations and Future Study................12.5 Conclusion .......................................12eferences............................................14able 1. Intra-and inter-rater reliability for the section and total scores of the AMIS-C........................17able 2. Internal consistency of the AMIS-C section and total scores for term and preterm dyads ..............18able 3. Illustration of AMIS-C section and total score for term and preterm dyads................................19art II: Early Intervention for Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants: Effects on Interactive Behavior and Heart Rate Variability in Feedingbstract..............................................i. Introduction.......................................1.1 Background .......................................1.2 Purposes and Hypotheses...........................4. Methods............................................5.1 Subjects .........................................5.2 Intervention Modalities ..........................6.2.1 Control Groups .................................6.2.2 Experimental Groups ............................6.3 Testing Procedure and Instrument..................7.4 Measures .........................................7.4.1 Assessment of Mother Infant Sensitivity- Chinese Version...............................................7.4.2 Heart Rate Variability .........................8.5 Statistical Analysis..............................10. Results .......................................... 11.1 Sample Characteristics........................... 11.2 Assessment of Mother Infant Sensitivity- Chinese Version.............................................. 11.3 Infants’ Heart Rate Variability .................12.4 Relations between the AMIS-C scores and infants’ HRV indices...............................................14. Discussion.........................................14.1 Mother-infant interactive behavior during feeding.14.2 Infants’ HRV during feeding......................15.3 Relations of mother-infant interactive behavior with infants’ HRV ........................................17.4 Conclusion .......................................18eferences............................................18able 1. Perinatal and demographic characteristics of term and preterm groups....................................25able 2. A comparison of the infant characteristics and demographic data between those dyads who returned at both ages and those who missed either one age..............27able 3. Illustration of the AMIS-C section and total scores for term and preterm dyads returned at corrected ages 4 and/or 6 months................................29able 4. Illustration of the AMIS-C section and total scores for term and preterm dyads returned at both corrected ages 4 and 6 months.........................30able 5. Illustration of the HRV indices for term and preterm groups at corrected age 6 months..............31able 6. Illustration of change of infants’ HRV from baseline to feeding for term and preterm groups at 6 months CA....................................................32able 7. Relations of the AMIS-C section and total scores at 6 months CA with the change of infants’ HRV indices from baseline to feeding at 6 months CA in all infants (N=155) ..............................................33able 8. Relations of the AMIS-C section and total scores at 6 months CA with the change of infants’ HRV indices from baseline to feeding at 6 months CA in term infants (N=35) ...............................................34able 9. Relations of the AMIS-C section and total scores at 6 months CA with the change of infants’ HRV from baseline to feeding at 6 months CA in preterm infants (N=120) ..............................................35able 10. Relations of the AMIS-C section and total scores at 4 months CA with the change of infants’ HRV from baseline to feeding at 6 months CA in all infants (N=149)...............................................36able 11. Relations of the AMIS-C section and total scores at 4 months CA with the change of infants’ HRV indices from baseline to feeding at 6 months CA in term infants (N=31) ...............................................37able 12. Relations of the AMIS-C section and total scores at 4 months CA with the change of infants’ HRV indices from baseline to feeding at 6 months CA in preterm infants (N=116)...............................................3
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