3,288 research outputs found

    COCAINE ELICITS ACTION POTENTIAL BURSTS IN A CENTRAL SNAIL NEURON: THE ROLE OF DELAYED RECTIFYING K CURRENT

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    neuron of the African snail, Achatina fulica Ferussac, using the two-electrode voltage-clamp method. The RP4 neuron generated spontaneous action potentials & bath application of cocaine (0.3-1 mM) reversibly elicited action potential bursts of the central RP4 neuron in a concentrationdependent manner. The action potential bursts were not blocked when neurons were immersed in high-Mg2-solution, Ca2+-free solution, nor after continuous perfusion with atropine, d-tubocurarine, propranolol, prazosin, haloperidol, or sulpiride. Similarly, the action potential bursts were not abolished by pretreatment with N-[2-(p-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide dihydrochloride, (9S,10S,12R)-2,3,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-10-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-oxo-9,12-epoxy-1Hdiindolo[1,2,3-fg:3=,2=,1=-kl]pyrrolo[3,4-i][1,6]benzodiazocine-10-carboxylic acid hexyl ester or anisomycin. Injection of hyperpolarizing current at an intensity of greater than 2 nA effectively suppressed the cocaine-elicited action potential bursts & no postsynaptic potentials were observed under these conditions. These results suggest that the generation of action potential bursts elicited by cocaine was not due to (1) the synaptic effects of neurotransmitters, (2) the cholinergic, adrenergic or dopaminergic receptors of the excitable membrane, or (3) the cAMP second messengers & new protein synthesis of the RP4 neuron. Notably, the induction of action potential bursts was blocked by pretreatment with 1-[6-[((17 )-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5[10]-trien-17-yl)amino]hexyl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5- dione. Voltage-clamp studies conducted on the RP4 neuron revealed that cocaine at 0.3 mM decreased (1) the Ca2+ current, (2) the delayed rectifying K+ current, (3) the fast+inactivating K current & (4) the Ca2+-activated K+ current, but had no remarkable effects on the Na+ current. Perfusion with Ca2+-free solution, which may abolish the Ca2+ current & Ca2+ activated K+ current, did not cause any bursts of action potentials in control RP4 neurons

    DS_10.1177_0022034519850574 – Supplemental material for Antiadipogenesis and Osseointegration of Strontium-Doped Implant Surfaces

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    Supplemental material, DS_10.1177_0022034519850574 for Antiadipogenesis and Osseointegration of Strontium-Doped Implant Surfaces by C. Zhou, Y.Q. Chen, Y.H. Zhu, G.F. Lin, L.F. Zhang, X.C. Liu and F.M. He in Journal of Dental Research</p
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