453,571 research outputs found
Linoleic acid isomerase activity in enzyme extracts from Lactobacillus acidophilus and Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. Shermanii.
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A fuzzy approach for sequencing interrelated activities in a DSM
No full textProduction and manufacturing systems often involve a myriad of interrelated activities. How these activities are organised and scheduled has a significant effect on the success of a system. Recently, the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) has been regarded as an effective tool for modelling and scheduling interrelated activities. Based on fuzzy set theory, this study explicitly addresses the uncertain activity dependencies in our formulation and develops a mathematical model for sequencing interrelated activities in a DSM. Because of the complexity of the model, a new approach, which embeds an exact algorithm within a framework of a local search heuristic, is presented for solving large problem instances. Testing results demonstrate that relatively good solutions can be easily obtained by our approach, thereby providing managers with an effective tool for scheduling a large number of interrelated activities with uncertain dependencies. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.Abdelsalam HME, 2006, IEEE T ENG MANAGE, V53, P69, DOI 10.1109-TEM.2005.861805; Ahmadi R, 2001, EUR J OPER RES, V130, P539, DOI 10.1016-S0377-2217(99)00412-9; Banerjee A, 2007, IIE TRANS, V39, P453, DOI 10.1080-07408170601180510; Browning TR, 2001, IEEE T ENG MANAGE, V48, P292, DOI 10.1109-17.946528; Chen CH, 2004, INT J PROD RES, V42, P4623, DOI 10.1080-00207540410001721727; Chen SJ, 2003, COMPUT IND ENG, V44, P435, DOI 10.1016-S0360-8352(02)00230-9; Debels D, 2007, OPER RES, V55, P457, DOI 10.1287-opre.1060.0358; Dubois D., 2000, FUNDAMENTALS FUZZY S; Dubois D, 2003, EUR J OPER RES, V147, P231, DOI 10.1016-S0377-2217(02)00558-1; EPPINGER SD, 1994, RES ENG DES, V6, P1, DOI 10.1007-BF01588087; Eppinger SD, 2001, HARVARD BUS REV, V79, P149; Fortemps P, 1996, FUZZY SET SYST, V82, P319, DOI 10.1016-0165-0114(95)00273-1; Guschinskaya O, 2008, EUR J OPER RES, V189, P902, DOI 10.1016-j.ejor.2006.03.072; Karniel A, 2009, IEEE T ENG MANAGE, V56, P636, DOI 10.1109-TEM.2009.2032032; Karniel A, 2005, COMPUT AIDED DESIGN, V37, P399, DOI 10.1016-j.cad.2004.06.015; KUSIAK A, 1993, INT J PROD RES, V31, P753, DOI 10.1080-00207549308956755; Lancaster J, 2008, INT J PROD RES, V46, P5043, DOI 10.1080-00207540701324176; Li D., 2006, NONLINEAR INTEGER PR; Lin J, 2009, EUR J OPER RES, V196, P1158, DOI 10.1016-j.ejor.2008.05.030; Lin J, 2010, EUR J OPER RES, V201, P737, DOI 10.1016-j.ejor.2009.03.040; Lin J, 2008, EUR J OPER RES, V185, P378, DOI 10.1016-j.ejor.2006.12.022; Luh DB, 2009, CONCURRENT ENG-RES A, V17, P43, DOI 10.1177-1063293X09102249; McCulley C, 1996, STRUCT OPTIMIZATION, V12, P186, DOI 10.1007-BF01196956; Meier C, 2007, J MECH DESIGN, V129, P566, DOI 10.1115-1.2717224; Palpant M, 2004, ANN OPER RES, V131, P237, DOI 10.1023-B:ANOR.0000039521.26237.62; Qian YJ, 2011, IEEE T ENG MANAGE, V58, P688, DOI 10.1109-TEM.2011.2107558; Rowles C. M., 1999, THESIS MIT; Shaja AS, 2010, RES ENG DES, V21, P173, DOI 10.1007-s00163-009-0082-5; Smith RP, 1997, MANAGE SCI, V43, P1104, DOI 10.1287-mnsc.43.8.1104; Smith RP, 1998, CONCURRENT ENG-RES A, V6, P15, DOI 10.1177-1063293X9800600103; Steward D. V., 1981, IEEE T ENG MANAGE, V49, P428; Tang DB, 2010, ADV ENG INFORM, V24, P159, DOI 10.1016-j.aei.2009.08.005; Tang DB, 2000, COMPUT IND ENG, V38, P479, DOI 10.1016-S0360-8352(00)00059-0; Tang DB, 2009, CONCURRENT ENG-RES A, V17, P129, DOI 10.1177-1063293X09105348; YAGER RR, 1981, INFORM SCIENCES, V24, P143, DOI 10.1016-0020-0255(81)90017-7; Yassine A, 2003, CONCURRENT ENG-RES A, V11, P165, DOI 10.1177-106329303034503; Zimmermann H.-J., 1996, FUZZY SET THEORY ITS32
The stem cell E3-ligase Lin-41 promotes liver cancer progression through inhibition of microRNA-mediated gene silencing
No full textLin-41 is a stem cell-specific E3 ligase and a known target of the tumour suppressor microRNA (miRNA) let-7. Lin-41 was recently reported to mediate ubiquitylation and degradation of the miRNA pathway protein Ago2. We demonstrate that Lin-41 is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lin-41 over-expression correlates with high a-fetoprotein level, high tumour grade and high tumour stage and predicts early tumour recurrence. Lin-41 is a strong predictor of poor long-term survival for patients with HCC. Lin-41 knock-down by RNA interference in HCC cell lines Huh7 and Hep3B suppressed proliferation in vitro and reduced in vivo tumour growth in NOD/SCID mice. On the other hand, over-expression of Lin-41 in the HCC cell line SK-Hep1 enhanced tumourigenicity. Over-expression and knock-down of Lin-41 led to inverse changes in the levels of Ago1 and Ago2 proteins. Over-expression of Ago1 and Ago2 reduced in vivo tumour growth. Lin-41 over-expression suppressed let-7 activity in HCC cell lines and expression of Lin-41 enhanced the expression of let-7-regulated oncogenes c-Myc, Lin-28B, HMGA2 and type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R). Expression of Lin-28B and c-Myc enhanced the expression of Lin-41. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assays revealed direct association of c-Myc with the Lin-41 promoter, resulting in transcriptional transactivation. Our results indicate that Lin-41 plays an important role in the growth of HCC by regulating RISC complex proteins Ago1 and Ago2 to inhibit miRNA-mediated gene silencing and promote the expression of oncogenic proteins. Lin-41 is also a strong prognostic factor for patients with HCC. Copyright (C) 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Come tradurre Milo De Angelis
No full textThe section presents the Chinese translation of four poems by Milo De Angelis, who is
among the best Italian contemporary poets. The poems are taken from the collection "Incontri e agguati" (Mondadori, 201 5). The texts are both in Italian and Chinese in parallel
text. Yang Lin, with the help of Geng Jiang (Chinese musician and poet), took care of the
translation.
The section opens with a note made by the translation group that analyses the processes
of the transposition of the dense poetic language of De Angelis into the Chinese language.
There follows an enlightening letter from Milo De Angelis to the translation group. The four
poems in Chinese and Italian complete the section
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