1,721,008 research outputs found
An insight into the phenomena involved in a multiple-function stationary phase for the capillary electrochromatographic separation of 2'-, 3'-, and 5'-monophosphorylated nucleoside isomers
No full textMolecular Recognition of the Macrocyclic Polyamine for the Hydrolysis of Nucleotides in the Electrophoretic Condition
No full textNucleoside monophosphates recognition using macrocyclic polyamine bonded phase in capillary electrochromatography
No full textParticle Swarm Optimization with Query-based Learning for Multi-objective Power Contract Problem
No full textCapillary electrochromatographic separation of metal ion species with on-line detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
No full textPsychological Adaptation and Decisional Conflict in Late-onset Hereditary Neurodegenerative Disease Family
No full text就晚發型遺傳性神經退化性疾病而言，因其具有不可治癒性及無法預防性的特點，在遺傳諮詢的相關研究探討上提供患者或其家族成員遺傳諮詢變成為一個相當艱鉅的課題，以往大都會著重在發生症狀前基因檢測的道德倫理相關議題，或檢測前後所引發的情緒上衝擊與障礙等問題。近年來則開始越來越重視患者極具有血緣關係之家屬可能會遭遇的心理衝擊。研究目的為瞭解晚發型遺傳性神經退化疾病家族的心理調適及醫療上的決策衝突，並探討相關影響因素，含個案基本屬性與疾病特性。採橫斷式調查性研究，對象為北部某醫學中心神經內科門診，以立意取樣方式所收集符合條件之個案，經個案同意後以結構試問卷訪談收集資料。結構試問卷包括：「個案基本資料」、「遺傳資訊的心理調適量表」、「決策衝突量表」。將所收集的資料以SPSS / Window15.0進行統計分析。究結果顯示家族具有晚發型遺傳性神經退化疾病之個案的心理調適狀況與醫療上決策衝突之間具顯著相關性。並推論往後在提供患有晚發型遺傳性神經退化疾病之患者及其家族成員遺傳諮詢時，所需加強關注、提供之知識訊息或支持，以減低其在面臨醫療行為時做出錯誤判斷抉擇或選擇逃避拒絕接受的情形發生。To patients or their families with late-onset hereditary neurodegenerative disease, it is a difficulty course for genetic counseling, because of its incurable and no effective prevention. Previous studies have been focused on ethical of asymptom genetic test or emotional concerns. However, recent studies take more and more psychological impact of patients and their families seriously. he propose of this study was to analyze and investigate the psychological adaptation and decisional conflict of medical treatment in late-onset hereditary neurodegenerative disease family, and the correlation between client’s demographic data, and characteristic of the disease. The participants were recruited for this cross-sectional and correlational study, from a neurological department at a medical center in northern Taiwan, using purposive sampling. With informed consent, data were collected with structured questionnaires including demographic data, characteristic of the disease, psychological adaptation of genetic information scale, and decisional conflict scale. Data was analyzed using SPSS/Window 15.0.he result of this study indicated the correlation between psychological adaption and decisional conflict in late-onset hereditary neurodegenerative disease family. It is imperative to provide a quality genetic counseling or support to late-onset heredity neurodegenerative disease family, and to help client make necessary decisions and better adaptation.摘要 III一章 緒論 1一節 研究背景與動機 1二節 研究目的 3三節 名詞定義 4二章 文獻探討 6一節 晚發型遺傳性神經退化疾病 6二節 心理調適 16三節 決策衝突 28四節 晚發型遺傳性神經退化疾病家族的心理調適與決策衝突 41三章 研究方法 42一節 研究架構 42二節 研究對象 43三節 研究工具 44四節 資料收集過程 47五節 資料處理與統計分析 48六節 研究倫理考量 49四章 研究結果 50一節 個案基本特性描述 50二節 個案的心理調適情形 58三節 個案決策衝突 64四節 個案對遺傳資訊的心理調適之影響因素 69五節 個案決策衝突的影響因素 86六節 遺傳資訊的心理調適與決策衝突的相關性 100五章 討論 103一節 影響晚發型遺傳性神經退化疾病家族心理調適的相關因素 103二節 影響晚發型遺傳性神經退化疾病家族決策衝突的相關因素 104三節 晚發型遺傳性神經退化疾病家族的心理調適與決策衝突關係與影響 106六章 結論與建議 109一節 結論 109二節 遺傳諮詢上的應用與建議 110三節 研究限制 112考文獻 113錄一 受試者說明書 127錄二 個案基本資料 128錄三 遺傳資訊心理調適量表 130錄四 決策衝突量表 13
On The Effectiveness of The Credit Portfolio Model by Liao and Chen (2006)
No full text本研究試圖利用Liao & Chen (2006) 所發展的內部評價法，對市場信用違約指數 (CDX) 進行評價。模型以現金流量基礎法衡量公司資產價值，並運用因子關聯結構法 (factor copula) 建立公司資產價值與景氣因子之連動性，達到投資組合損失模型考慮動態風險之目的。實證結果顯示此模型低估5年期CDX組合之信用風險。本文並提出可改善此低估情形之方法，如︰不同形式之違約邊界設定，考慮隱含現金流量波動性，或以跳躍擴散隨機過程描述現金流量。另外，在模型中考慮具預測性之總體經濟因子，可進一步捕捉稀有事件引起之信用價差跳躍。We employ CDX market data to empirically examine the effectiveness of the credit portfolio model developed by Liao and Chen (2006), which combines a cash flow based model with a conditional independent default approach. Our empirical results show the credit portfolio model underestimate 5 year credit spread of a Dow Jones CDX credit portfolio. There are several ways to modify the model, including alternative default threshold settings, employing market implied cash flow volatility, or superimposing jumps on the cash flow processes. Moreover, incorporating forward looking macroeconomic factors enables the model to catch rare events induced jumps in the credit spread.I. Introduction 1I. The Model 2. Single-Firm State-dependent Corporate Free Cash Flow Model 2. Corporate Portfolio Credit Model – A Factor Copula Approach 6II. Empirical Analysis 8. Data 8. Factor Analysis and Parameter Estimation of the Stochastic State Model 12. Estimation of a firm’s weighted average cost of capital 13. Estimation of constant growth rate of a firm 15. Estimation of the shift term to a firm’s cash flow paths 15. Shift in a firm’s asset value path 16. Model Result of CDX Pricing 17. Empirical Examination 20V. Suggestions for Modifying The Model 21. Conclusion 22EFERENCES 23ppendix I. Factor Analysis of Firms’ Free Cash Flows 25ppendix II. Maximum Likelihood Algorithm for Factor Generatingormula 29ppendix III. Cash Flow Shift Term Estimates 3
Improving PSO by Query-Based Learning
No full text動機：粒子群最佳化(particle swarm optimization, PSO)演算法是目前人工智慧研究方面極受重視的子領域之ㄧ。其求解快速有效率近年來在國際間得到認同與肯定，也有許多學者提出相關缺失，本論文探討PSO演算法的缺點並提出解決的方法，以提升其效能。
作法：本研究結合所發展的詢問式學習法則，試圖透過含糊地帶的加強學習，擴展尋優廣度，藉此提高演算法整體的求解精準度。傳統粒子群演算法容易使粒子陷入局部最佳解陷阱，使所有粒子走向錯誤的方向。我們的方法則可以走出此陷阱，提高搜尋到真正解答的可能性。論文中以容易理解的二維函數配合二維的實驗結果來做說明。
成果：本論文為首度將詢問式學習觀念應用到粒子群演算法，實驗結果顯示，我們的方法在整體表現上都優於傳統的PSO。透過粒子群主動進行詢問式學習，以目前尚含糊不清的解空間區域做為學習的指引，本研究所提出的機制確實改善粒子群演算法陷入局部最佳解缺點，並在整體求解精準度獲得改善。Motivation: PSO (particle swarm optimization) is one of the most important research topics on artificial intelligence. PSO still remain some disadvantages. This paper tries to discuss the disadvantages of PSO and to find a solution for improving its performance.
Method: We apply the query-based learning method proposed in our previous papers to PSO. It leads the particles to extend their search area. Thus, not only the precision of solution but also the time consumed is improved. We visualize the mechanism through a two-dimension PSO and verify the mechanism by several functions. Conventional PSO usually leads the particles go into the wrong direction of evolution. To resolve this drawback, when particles tend to converge, we spread some particles into ambiguous solution space. Furthermore, PSO has been well improved.
Achievement: This thesis, in our knowledge, is the first study that applies the QBL concept in Particle Swarm Optimization. The experiment results show the proposed approach is able to prevent the system from falling into local optimal and improve the performance of PSO.志謝 Ⅰ
摘要 Ⅱ
Abstract Ⅲ
圖目錄 Ⅵ
表目錄 Ⅷ
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究背景與動機 2
1.3 論文架構 2
第二章 文獻探討 4
2.1 基本粒子群演算法 4
2.1.1 PSO發展背景與概念 4
2.1.2 PSO演算法理論 6
2.2 PSO相關知識研究 9
2.2.1 PSO收斂性相關探討 9
2.2.2 PSO改善發展相關研究 10
2.3 詢問式學習 14
第三章 研究架構與設計 16
3.1 研究方法概念 16
3.2 PSO with Crowd Redistribution (PSOCR) 17
3.2.1 PSOCR整體求解流程 17
3.2.2 粒子收斂趨勢與收斂指數計數器 19
3.2.3 CR機制 20
3.2.4 解空間使用經驗運作 22
3.2.5 新生粒子群之運作 23
3.2.6 PSO初始化參數 23
第四章 例證與實驗說明 25
4.1 實驗與評估方式說明 25
4.1.1 實驗方式說明 25
4.1.2 評估方式說明 25
4.2 測試資料說明 26
4.2.1 Shubert Function 27
4.2.2 Rastrign Function 28
4.2.3 Griewank Function 29
4.2.4 Michalewicz Function 30
4.2.5 Sphere Function 31
4.2.6 Easom Function 32
4.3 實驗結果 33
4.3.1 實驗進行與設定說明 33
4.3.2 第一階段實驗結果與分析說明 34
4.3.3 第二階段實驗結果與分析說明 37
4.3.4 第三階段實驗結果與分析說明 46
4.3.5 延伸實驗結果與分析說明 54
4.4 綜合實驗分析與結論 56
第五章 結論與未來展望 58
5.1 結論與貢獻 58
5.2 未來研究展望 59
5.2.1 高維度實現與最佳化架構 59
5.2.2 機制智慧型自動化 59
5.2.3 詢問式學習的優化 60
5.3 總結 60
參考文獻 6
Strategic Roles of Managerial Over-confidence: a Behavioral Theory of Mergers and Technology Updates
No full text本研究透過建構賽局模型，旨在探討一個理性的企業家，面對兩種對相同資訊具有截然不同解讀方式的過度自信企業主管時，將會如何採用產業競爭策略，引進新技術或者進行併購。 本研究獲得以下幾項重要研究結果： 一、 過度自信的企業主管對於市場資訊的錯誤解讀方式，將會成為產業競爭中的一個承諾(commitment)，當企業主管對前景預期樂觀時，將會享有競爭優勢。反之，對前景預期悲觀時，則成為劣勢。 二、 若政府實行裁量式貨幣政策(discretionary monetary policy)，且在產業競爭中，至少存在一名因應政府政策而調整產出決策的企業主管，則理性類型企業主管所經營的廠商，其股價將上升。 三、 理性類型的企業主管，面對過度自信類型企業主管，可能因而採取看似不理性的「安於現狀偏誤(status quo bias)」行為，但實為一理性決策。 四、 在本研究中，造成併購發生的主因是，以對產品單位成本較樂觀的企業主管取代較悲觀的企業主管，可以提高一家廠商的競爭優勢。 五、 併購發生後，理性類型的主併公司以及被併公司的股價皆會上升，而其對手廠商的股價則會下跌。此外，對於市場中的消費者而言，消費者剩餘將上升。The objective of this paper is to propose a model that allows for the presence of over-confidence, with over-estimate information type and under-estimate information type, and that incorporates the empirical and experimental findings as an evidence to illustrate the effect of managerial traits towards the industrial competitive advantage, the timing of technology update, and the merger. The main results are listed below: 1. The wrong belief of the information of the over-confidence entrepreneurs in a duopoly Cournot quantity-setting competition, via strategic complementarity, constitutes a commitment, which brings them a competitive advantage if they are optimistic about the future, and othterwise a disadvantage if they are pessimistic about the future. 2. With the discretionary monetary policy proposed by the Government, the output adaption decision made by at least one of the entrepreneurs will lead to the increase of the volatility of the equilibrium product price. 3. The rational entrepreneur facing the overconfident entrepreneur will not take an irrational status quo bias action but make a rational profit maximization decision. 4. The reason why the merger happens is that, in the duopoly market, the firm operated by the optimistic entrepreneur will be the acquiring firm and the other firm operated by the pessimistic entrepreneur will be the target firm, and that their action will enhance the firm’s competitive advantage. 5. After the merger succeeded, the stock price of both the rational acquiring firm and target firm will increase, and that of the rival firm will decrease. In addition, the consumer surplus will increase
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