128 research outputs found
Les traditions Longshan de la région du cours moyen du fleuve Jaune
No full textThe Middle Yellow River Valley Longshan Cultures.
Translated from Chinese, this article presents certain neolithic cultures in China that, as of yet, are not too well known in the West. This general survey of the Middle Yellow River Valley Longshan cultures, made by Yang Xizhang, a member of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, first appeared in 1984 (in Xin Zhongguo de kaogu faxian he yanjiu — Archaeological Excavation and Researches in New China, 1984, p. 68-85).
After mentioning the main archaeological achievements which have taken place in this vast area since the Liberation, the author makes a detailed presentation of its principal cultures and sites. Their datations stretch between ca. 2800 and 2000 B.C., and the cultures belong to two successive phases. The first one, the so-called Miaodigou II culture, has been identified as a transitional phase between Yangshao and Longshanoid types. The second phase has been subdivided into three cultures : the Henan Longshan Culture, the Shaanxi Longshan Culture and the Taosi Culture. The major sites of Miaodigou II Culture are densely located in two areas, one centered on Tongguan district, the other one around Luoyang-Zhengzhou. Thanks to the many stone implements and animal skeletons which have been discovered, it now becomes possible to have a firm knowledge of agriculture, domestication (pig, dog and possibly cattle and sheep), and economical basis of that culture.
Ceramics are manufactured mainly by the coiling technique and occasionally retouched by rotation. A majority of them are gray, coarse and sandy ; some are fine gray. They are decorated principally by basket impressions or by appliqué, while some others are painted.
Five different cultures belong to the Henan Longshanoid type : they are the Wangwan Culture, the Hougang Culture, the Wangyoufang Culture, the Sanliqiao Culture and the Xiawang- gang Culture. Differences between these five cultures — some of them are occasionally grouped together — are mostly based on ceramic types. The Shaanxi Longshanoid type, identified for the first time in Kexingzhuang, is sometimes called Kexingzhuang II Culture. Many remains of semisubterranean houses with one or two rooms, of pocket-shaped storage pits, stone and bone implements and so on have been found on this site and other sites along the Wei-shui River. Some of the ceramic vessels are related to the Qijia Culture's ceramics, but others to Henan Longshanoid type. Because of their specific characteristics, the remains of the Taosi type seem to be limited to the Fen River Valley sites and have to be set apart from the two other types mentioned before. The last part of the article is devoted to society and economics of the Middle Yellow River Valley Longshan cultures.Xizhang Yang, Thote Alain. Les traditions Longshan de la région du cours moyen du fleuve Jaune. In: Arts asiatiques, tome 43, 1988. pp. 60-77
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Disaster Prevention Education in Longshan Primary School, Jiayi County, Taiwan
No full text龙山小学位于台湾嘉义县竹崎乡,毗邻梅山断层、九芎坑断层、大尖山断层、触口断层、木屐寮断层,且学区境内的龙山村、文峰村目前是泥石流潜在高危险村落,防灾教育相当重要。本研究主要探讨防灾教育对龙山小学学生的教学成效。经问卷调查学生之防灾背景,了解龙山小学学生对防灾的前置概念,设计符合该校的防灾教育课程,实施防灾教育,然后进行防灾教育施测及质性研究资料收集,探讨防灾教育对学生在防灾知识、防灾技能、防灾态度等三方面的教学成效以及三者间的相关性,以作为防灾教学之参考依据。研究结果:1)施行防灾教育对学校整体防灾知识、防灾技能等各个方面均具教学成效;2)学生在防灾态度上均持正面积极态度;3)学生的防灾知识与防灾技能之间中度相关,因此学校推行防灾教育时,加强防灾知识便能增强学生防灾技能;4)学生背景(性别、家长教育程度、家长职业、教养状况、家长年龄、上学所乘交通工具、学生灾害恐惧程度)与学生的防灾知识、防灾技能、防灾态度无显著相关性。Longshan Primary School is located in Zhoushan Township, Chiayi County, Taiwan, adjacent to Meishan fault, Jiuaxiong fault, Dajian mountain fault, contact fault, clogs and Liuxiao fault, and the school district Longshan village, Wenfeng village is currently debris flow potential high risk village, disaster prevention education Very important. This study mainly discusses the teaching effectiveness of disaster prevention education in Longshan primary school students. Through the questionnaire survey students to explore the background of disaster prevention, understanding of Longshan primary school students on the disaster prevention concept, designed to meet the school's disaster prevention education courses, the implementation of disaster prevention education, and then disaster prevention education and quality research data collection, This paper discusses the teaching effectiveness of disaster prevention education in the three aspects of disaster prevention knowledge, disaster prevention skills and disaster prevention attitude, and the correlation between the three as the reference of disaster prevention teaching. 1) the implementation of disaster prevention education on the school's overall disaster prevention knowledge, disaster prevention skills and other aspects of teaching effectiveness; 2) students in a disaster prevention attitude are positive positive attitude; 3) students disaster prevention knowledge and prevention 4) Student background (gender, parental education, parental occupation, parenting status, parental age, school place, parental education, parental education, parental education, parental education, parental education, parental education There is no significant correlation between students' disaster prevention knowledge, disaster prevention skills and disaster prevention attitud
Research on the disappearance causes of the Tenghualuo Site in Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
No full textWith brilliant civilization during the transitional period from a original clan society to a state society in prehistory, the Neolithic Tenghualuo Site in Lianyungang was discovered by archaeological survey in 1989, which was titled as 'one of the nation's ten great archeological discoveries in 2000'. However, the transgression and the anthropogenic environment deterioration have ever been employed to explain the abandonment of the site. Based on a dynasty framework established by the C-14 dating, and using the experimental methods such as micro-paleontology identification in foraminifera and charophytes, the content test of Rb and Sr, susceptibility analysis as well as granularity and sedimentary facies analysis, some researches on the sediments from the two exploration layers at Tenghualuo Site were conducted, and the following new findings have been gained: Firstly, foraminifera which are relevant to the marine environment were not found in the sediment layer, however, 25 charales, which usually live in the freshwater environment, in 07LTT1 exploration samples were found. Among them, 3 charales were found in the samples from the forth sediment layer below the late Longshan Cultural layer and 22 charates were from the second sediment layer above the late Longshan Cultural layer. Furthermore, 5 plant seeds and 41 fungal spores, together with many carbonation holes, plant seed shells, as well as their roots and stems were also found in the second sediment layer above the late Longshan Cultural layer. Secondly, the cumulative probability curves of the sediments' granularity in both the last and its overlying culture intermittent layers have characteristics of three-phase river sediment curve, and the ratios between Rb and Sr are both quite high in samples from two layers sedimented during the disappearing time of the site. All above-mentioned evidences indicate that disappearance of the Tenghualuo Site was not related to the transgression. The late Longshan Culture of the site could be completely abandoned after a relatively long-term inland water flood
Genetics and phylogeny of genus Coilia in China based on AFLP markers
No full textThe taxonomy of Coilia has been extensively studied in China, and yet phylogenetic relationships among component taxa remain controversial. We used a PCR-based fingerprinting technique, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) to characterize and identify all four species of Coilia in China. We examined the genetic relationships of the four species of Coilia and a subspecies of Coilia nasus with AFLP. A total of 180 AFLP loci were generated from six primer combinations, of which 76.11% were polymorphic. The mean genetic distance between pairs of taxa ranged from 0.047 to 0.596. The neighbor-joining tree and UPGMA dendrogram resolved the investigated species into three separate lineages: (1) C. mystus, (2) C. grayii and (3) C. brachygnathus, C. nasus, and C. nasus taihuensis. Phylogenetic analysis of the AFLP data is inconsistent with current morphological taxonomic systems. The AFLP data indicated a close relationship among C. brachygnathus, C. nasus taihuensis, and C. nasus. Therefore, the two species described under Coilia (C. brachygnathus and C. nasus taihuensis) are treated as synonyms of C. nasus
Figure 4 from: Li Y, Zhang Y, Lin L, Gao T, Liu L (2017) New genetic perspectives of the ambiguous pomfret as revealed by CR sequences. ZooKeys 719: 59-73. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.719.19914
No full textFigure 4 -
Mismatch distributions of control region haplotypes of P. argenteus
Figure 5 from: Li Y, Zhang Y, Lin L, Gao T, Liu L (2017) New genetic perspectives of the ambiguous pomfret as revealed by CR sequences. ZooKeys 719: 59-73. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.719.19914
No full textFigure 5 -
Bayesian skyline plots showing NefT (Nef = effective population size; T = generation time) changes over time for P. argenteus based on CR sequences. The upper and lower limits of the blue line represent the 95% confidence intervals of highest posterior densities (HPD) analysis. The black line represents median estimates of NefT
Long-Term Responses to a 5.3-ka BP Climate Event and the Absolute Dominance of Foxtail Millet in Early Longshan (4800–4300 BP), Southern Loess Plateau, China
No full textAbrupt climate events profoundly impact human societies, both environmentally and socially. However, existing research predominantly concentrates on immediate responses, overlooking long-term consequences. This study, centered on the Guojiazaoyuan site in the southern Loess Plateau, explores the enduring effects of a 5.3-ka BP climate event that transformed the local subsistence system. Through detailed analysis of archaeobotanical evidence, specifically floral remains dating to 4800–4300 BP obtained via flotation, significant post-event shifts in agricultural practices and food strategies are revealed. Notably, there is a clear prioritization of foxtail millet cultivation, a shift towards diversified food sources, and the introduction of new livestock. These changes represent strategic adaptations aimed at bolstering resilience and reducing vulnerability to future climatic challenges. The southern Loess Plateau developed an agricultural pattern with foxtail millet as the dominant crop, although different patterns were observed in surrounding regions during the early Longshan period (4800–4300 BP). Emphasizing the importance of a long-term perspective, particularly in agriculture and food security, the findings contribute to a broader understanding of how ancient societies coped with environmental changes. These insights are pertinent to ongoing discussions on climate resilience and sustainable agriculture
Microplastics in three typical benthic species from the Arctic: Occurrence, characteristics, sources, and environmental implications
No full text12 Pág.
Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA)Microplastics (MPs) in the Arctic have raised increasing concern, but knowledge on MP contamination in benthic organisms from Arctic shelf regions, e.g., the Chukchi Sea is still limited. Therefore, the present study investigated the occurrence, characteristics, sources, and environmental implications of MPs in the three most common benthic species, namely sea anemone (Actiniidae und.), deposit-feeding starfish (Ctenodiscus crispatus), and snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio), from the Chukchi Sea. The abundances of MPs in the three benthic species were significantly greater than those from the Bering Sea, but lower than those from other regions globally. The top three compositions of MPs in the three species were polyester, nylon, and polyethylene terephthalate. The detection limit for MP size in the present study was 0.03 mm and the mean size of MP in the three species was 0.89 ± 0.06 mm. The surfaces of MPs found in the starfish and crabs were covered with many attachments, cracks, and hollows, while the surfaces of MPs found in the sea anemones were smooth, which was likely a consequence of different feeding behaviors. There was a significantly positive correlation between the abundances of MPs and other anthropogenic substances. The mean MP abundances in the sea anemones ranged from 0.2 items/individual to 1.7 items/individual, which was significantly higher than that in the deposit-feeding starfish (0.1-1.4 items/individual) and snow crabs (0.0-0.6 items/individual). Sea anemones inhabiting lower latitudes ingested relatively higher levels of MPs than those inhabiting higher latitudes. The MP abundances in the sea anemones are significantly and positively correlated with the seasonal reduced ratio of sea ice coverage from August to September. Our findings indicate that sea anemones could function as a bioindicator of MP pollution, and that the MPs in the benthos from the Chukchi Sea might originate from the melting sea ice, fishery activities and ocean currents.This work was sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation of the Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources (No. 2018019), the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration, the Ninth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (9th CHINARE-Arctic), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2019YFD0901101), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41977211 and 41722605), and the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction (GASI-02-SCS-YDsum). CB was funded by SNF Post Doc Mobility Fellowship number P400PB_183824.Peer reviewe
Figure 2 from: Li Y, Zhang Y, Lin L, Gao T, Liu L (2017) New genetic perspectives of the ambiguous pomfret as revealed by CR sequences. ZooKeys 719: 59-73. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.719.19914
No full textFigure 3 from: Li Y, Zhang Y, Lin L, Gao T, Liu L (2017) New genetic perspectives of the ambiguous pomfret as revealed by CR sequences. ZooKeys 719: 59-73. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.719.19914
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