522 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-taj-10.1177_20406223221122538 – Supplemental material for Remission and relapses of myasthenia gravis on long-term tacrolimus: a retrospective cross-sectional study of a Chinese cohort
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-taj-10.1177_20406223221122538 for Remission and relapses of myasthenia gravis on long-term tacrolimus: a retrospective cross-sectional study of a Chinese cohort by Zhuajin Bi, Yayun Cao, Chenchen Liu, Mengcui Gui, Jing Lin, Qing Zhang, Yue Li, Suqiong Ji and Bitao Bu in Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease</p
Research on segmented mirror position error of optical system based on ZEMAX
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We have modeled a segmented mirror optical system by software ZEMAX, and analyzed influence of segmented mirror's position error to the optical system imaging for the first time to author's best knowledge. The primary mirror is composed of 18 segmented mirrors. By adjusting each one's position error of six freedoms, we get six relationship curves between position error and the optical system's image quality. The relationship curves show that some have different wave-front error RMS values when segmented mirrors have same position errors. The middle mirrors are sensitive to the movement along X axis direction, and the outer ones are sensitive to the movement along Y axis direction. The middle ones and outer ones are all sensitive to the tilt error, especially tilt along X, Y axis. (C) 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.</p
The phonology and phonetics of Rugao syllable contraction : vowel selection and deletion
No full textIn Chinese languages, when two syllables merge into one that has the segments from both, the segments compete to survive in the limited time slots (Chung, 1996, 1997; Lin, 2007). The survival or deletion of segment(s) follows a series of rules, including the Edge-In Effect (Yip, 1988) and vowel selection (R.-F. Chung, 1996, 1997; Hsu, 2003), which decide on the outer edge segments and vowel nucleus, respectively. This dissertation is dedicated to investigating the phonological patterns and phonetic details of syllable contraction in Rugao, a dialect of Jianghuai Mandarin, with more focus on the vowel selection and deletion process. First, I explored the segment selecting mechanism, including the preservation or deletion of the consonantal and vocalic segments, respectively. Based on the phonological analyses, I further investigated two major questions: 1) what determines the winner of the two vowel candidates for the limited nucleus slot in the fully contracted syllable, the linearity of the vowels (R.-F. Chung, 1996, 1997) or the sonority of the vowels (Hsu, 2003), and 2) is a fully contracted syllable phonetically and/or phonologically neutralized to a non-contracted lexical syllable with seemingly identical segments with regards to syllable constituents, lengths, and vowel quality?The corpus data suggest that, 1) the Edge-In Effect (Yip, 1988) is prevalent in Rugao syllable contraction in deciding the survival of the leftmost and rightmost segments in the pre-contraction form whether they are vocalic or not, unless the phonotactics of the language overwrite it. 2) In fully contracted syllables, the winner of the two vowel candidates is contingent upon the sonority of the vowels as well as the phonotactics of the language. Following such patterns, a forced choice experiment focused on the selection of the vowel nucleus that controlled the syllable structure and used nonce words confirmed the influence of sonority in the vowel competition and ruled out the factor of relative linear order of the vowels. Generally, the vowel of higher sonority is more likely to survive than the competitor of lower sonority ranking, assuming a vowel sonority hierarchy based on height and centrality. The surviving vowels in the contracted syllable were then further examined with production experiments and acoustic measurements. The results suggest that the deletion of the losing vowel is in fact incomplete, and manifested in two ways, 1) the contracted vowel is longer than the lexical vowel in general, although the ratio of vowel in the duration of the syllable may or may not be different, 2) the contracted vowel has different F1 and/or F2 values than its lexical counterpart, suggesting the vowel quality has altered in the contracted syllable. The phonologically defined process is shown to be phonetically quite complex, suggesting that the lexical distinction is maintained in some ways even though the two words seem neutralized.Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Linguistics, 2020Includes bibliographical references (pages 184-189
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In-situ, high-resolution radar imaging of dynamic targets using an ultra-wideband radar
No full textThis dissertation investigates in-situ, high-resolution radar imaging of dynamic targets using an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar. Three challenging classes of dynamic targets are investigated: wind turbines, vehicles, and small consumer drones. First, the measurement and processing methodologies are developed to capture the inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) image of an operating horizontal-axis wind turbine. Measurement data of a small three-blade wind turbine are collected using a UWB radar, and the measured signatures are compared to simulation results based on physical optics. The backscattering phenomenology is examined in the sinogram, spectrogram, and ISAR image domains. The same methodologies are then applied to generate the in-situ ISAR imagery of an 18-blade windmill and a 1.7 MW utility-class wind turbine. Next, the radar signatures of a vertical-axis wind turbine are studied. Measurement and simulation are carried out for a 1.5 m tall Darrieus-type turbine model. Interpretation of the dominant backscattering mechanisms is carried out. Subsequently, the radar signatures of a 112 m tall turbine are examined using simulation. Second, wide-angle ISAR imaging of vehicles is investigated. Measurement data of moving vehicles are collected using a stationary roadside UWB radar. The generated baseline ISAR images show a clear distinction between different-sized vehicles. The images are further focused through motion compensation using a p-norm minimization. The resulting images are well focused and correspond closely to the physical dimensions of the vehicles. Third, the ISAR imaging of small consumer drones is considered. Laboratory measurement is conducted first, where the drones are rotated on a turntable and the backscatterered data are collected over a wide frequency band to form high-resolution images. The effects of frequency band, aspect, polarization, dynamic blade rotation, camera mount, and drone types are examined. Subsequently, ISAR imaging of in-flight drones, from data collected using a stationary UWB radar on the ground, is demonstrated. Finally, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging using a small drone as the radar platform is explored. The entire system including a UWB radar, antennas, a camera, and a single-board computer fits on the small drone and is controlled through a Wi-Fi connection. Both the side-looking and downward-looking SAR scenarios are presented.Electrical and Computer Engineerin
Privacy-Aware Text Rewriting
No full textBiased decisions made by automatic systems have led to growing concerns in research communities. Recent work from the NLP community focuses on building systems that make fair decisions based on text. Instead of relying on unknown decision systems or human decision-makers, we argue that a better way to protect data providers is to remove the trails of sensitive information before publishing the data. In light of this, we propose a new privacy-aware text rewriting task and explore two privacy-aware back-translation methods for the task, based on adversarial training and approximate fairness risk. Our extensive experiments on three real-world datasets with varying demo-graphical attributes show that our methods are effective in obfuscating sensitive attributes. We have also observed that the fairness risk method retains better semantics and fluency, while the adversarial training method tends to leak less sensitive information.</p
S-Band Class-C-F Power Amplifier with 2nd Harmonic Control at the Input
No full textPower amplifiers (PAs) are the most power-consuming devices in a transmitter. Their performance in efficiency is crucial to the efficiency of the whole system. Therefore, the issue of high efficiency PA has remained hot over the years. This paper presents an approach to design an S-band single stage class-F PA biased in class-C condition. Through the manipulation of the 2nd harmonic at the input, shaping the voltage waveform at the gate node, a class-F PA with proper output matching network (OMN) is realized. The proposed class-C-F PA achieved 60% drain efficiency (DE) and 36.3 dBm of output power around the 3 dB compression point. The methodology of taking the input non-linearity into consideration is also presented. Its feasibility has been verified through both the design and measurements
STRUCTUAL EFFECTS OF CYTIDINE 2_ RIBOSE MODIFICATIONS AS DETERMINED BY IRMPD ACTION SPECTROSCOPY
No full textModified nucleosides, both naturally occurring and synthetic play an important role in understanding and manipulating RNA and DNA. Naturally occurring modified nucleosides are commonly found in functionally important regions of RNA and also affect antibiotic resistance or sensitivity. Synthetic modifications of nucleosides such as fluorinated and arabinosyl nucleosides have found uses as anti-virals and chemotherapy agents. Understanding the effect that modifications have on structure and glycosidic bond stability may lend insight into the functions of these modified nucleosides.
Modifications such as the naturally occurring -O-methylation and the synthetic -fluorination are believed to help stabilize the nucleoside through the glycosidic bond stability and intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Changing the sugar from ribose to arabinose alters the stereochemistry at the position and thus shifts the 3D orientation of the -hydroxyl group, which also affects intramolecular hydrogen bonding and glycosidic bond stability. The structures of -deoxy--fluorocytidine, -O-methylcytidine and cytosine arabinoside are examined in the current work by measuring the infrared spectra in the IR fingerprint region using infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) action spectroscopy. The structures accessed in the experiments were determined via comparison of the measured IRMPD action spectra to the theoretical linear IR spectra determined by density functional theory and molecular modeling for the stable low-energy structures. Although glycosidic bond stability cannot be quantitatively determined from this data, complementary TCID studies will establish the effect of these modifications. Comparison of these modified nucleosides with their RNA and DNA analogues will help elucidate differences in their intrinsic chemistry.Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-05T20:04:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Development and Piezoelectric Properties of a Stack Units-Based Piezoelectric Device for Roadway Application
No full textTo improve the energy harvesting efficiency of the piezoelectric device, a stack units-based structure was developed and verified. Factors such as stress distribution, load resistance, loads, and loading times influencing the piezoelectric properties were investigated using theoretical analysis and experimental tests. The results show that the unit number has a negative relationship with the generated energy and the stress distribution has no influence on the power generation of the piezoelectric unit array. However, with a small stress difference, units in a parallel connection can obtain high energy conversion efficiency. Additionally, loaded with the matched impedance of 275.0 kΩ at 10.0 kN and 10.0 Hz, the proposed device reached a maximum output power of 84.3 mW, which is enough to supply the low-power sensors. Moreover, the indoor load test illustrates that the electrical performance of the piezoelectric device was positively correlated with the simulated loads when loaded with matched resistance. Furthermore, the electrical property remained stable after the fatigue test of 100,000 cyclic loads. Subsequently, the field study confirmed that the developed piezoelectric device had novel piezoelectric properties with an open-circuit voltage of 190 V under an actual tire load, and the traffic parameters can be extracted from the voltage waveformPavement Engineerin
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