2,226 research outputs found
Analysis of biomass co-firing systems in Taiwan power markets using linear complementarity models
No full textMolecular identification of weevils significant for customs inspection and quarantine importance
No full textA Novel Reduced-Size Rat-Race Broadside Coupler and Its Application for CMOS Distributed Sub-Harmonic Mixer
No full textSynthesis and Characterization of Multi-colored Phosphors for Light-emitting Diodes
No full text本研究著重於螢光粉與量子點之合成與分析，螢光粉包含適用藍光與紫外光激發，量子點以銦磷(InP)之奈米結構。藍光激發螢光粉為鋰鍶矽酸鹽類(Li2SrSiO4:Ce3+,Eu2+)、釔鋁氧化物(Y3Al5O12:Ce3+)與氮化物(CaAlSiN3:Eu2+)，由同步輻射吸收光譜，獲知發光中心之價數變化情況；以半衰期與理論計算證實發光中心間之作用力，探討缺陷形成能量；成功實際封裝高演色性(Ra = 93)之白光，利用黃色螢光粉添加紅色氮化物以提高白光演色性。
紫外光激發螢光粉主要為成長鋰鍶磷酸鹽(LiSrPO4)單晶，成功地解出新穎之單晶結構，並操作第一原理計算鉀鍶磷酸鹽(KSrPO4)摻雜銪(Eu)之主體能隙與發光中心之電子傳遞機制；以同步輻射真空紫外光波長172 nm激發矽酸鹽類(BaY2Si3O10)，可應用於電漿顯示器之新穎化合物；此外，利用共摻雜發光中心之硼酸鹽類(ZnB2O4:Bi3+, Eu3+)以提高紅光發光效率；且單一化合物(NaSrBO3:Ce3+, Tb3+, Sm3+)摻雜三種發光中心即可形成白光，可大幅地降低成本。
銦磷量子點，乃利用水熱法合成顆粒大小不同之奈米結構，因能隙不同以調控其發光光色；藉由細胞毒性測試得知其毒性極低；其可適用於藍光與紫外光激發，成功地封裝紅光發光二極體。Examining the photoluminescence spectra, it was confirmed that the energy transfer from Ce3+ ions to Eu2+ rarely contribute to the luminescent enhancement of Li2SrSiO4:Ce3+,Eu2+. The proposed argument was validated with the first principle calculation about the defects formation energies. Furthermore, a mixture of Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ and CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ was coated on a blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the resultant white LEDs had a high luminous efficacy of ηL = 68 lm/W, a high color rendering index of Ra = 93, and a color temperature of CCT = 3,007 K (at 50 mA).
On the other hand, we also emphasized that the physical and chemical properties of UV-LED pumped phosphors such as phosphate ABPO4:RE (A = Li, K; B = Sr, Ba; RE = Eu2+, Tb3+ and Sm3+), BaY2Si3O10:RE (RE = Ce3+, Tb3+, Eu3+), ZnB2O4:Bi3+, Eu3+ and NaSrBO3:RE (RE = Ce3+, Tb3+, Sm3+). This study elucidated the crystalline structure and lattice parameters of the products via a solid state reaction, using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and general structure analysis system (GSAS) refinement. The density functional calculations are performed using the generalized gradient approximation plus an on-site Coulomb interaction correction (GGA+U) scheme to investigate the electronic structures of the KSrPO4 system.
Therefore, we proposed a novel mixture of variously colored quantum dots (InP) and silicone resin as a color-converting material, which can be applied to a UV-LED or Blue-LED chip. In the case of non-toxic InP QDs, the full color emission wavelengths can be easily adjusted by controlling the particle size (quantum confinement effect), and such QDs can be dispersed uniformly in silicone resin. This fact can perhaps be exploited to solve the problems of the efficiency and coating technology of LED devices
Synthesis and Investigation of Phosphate Phosphors for Light Emitting Diodes
No full text世界能源危機意識逐漸提升，各國均投入大量人力研發新穎之照明設備，而發展具省電、低污染、發熱量低、反應速度快、壽命長等優點之發光二極體(light emitting diode; LED)作為光源，已是現代照明之發展趨勢。自1996年，日本日亞化學公司(Nichia)以藍光晶片(InGaN)激發鈰掺雜之釔鋁石榴石(cerium doped yttrium aluminum garnet; YAG:Ce)之黃色螢光粉而研發白光發光二極體，造就人類照明之一大躍進，亦觸發LED邁入照明應用之門檻。
經過持續不斷地研究與發展，傳統藍光LED晶片搭配黃色螢光粉(YAG:Ce)所形成之白光，因藍光晶片所激發之螢光粉其能量轉換效率較紫外光激發低，且YAG型螢光粉之光譜所涵蓋範圍較狹隘，造成其生成轉換效率低、色溫高與演色性差之白光光源。鑒於目前研發多種之螢光粉，均須考慮和評估粉體於使用上所產生之發光效率、持效性、色溫、演色性指數、熱穩定性等性質。故本研究重點乃研發具高色純度且熱穩定性佳之紅綠藍(RGB)三原色磷酸鹽類化合物螢光粉，其可適用於紫外光與藍光所激發。
本研究主要乃利用固態反應法製備磷酸鹽類化合物之螢光粉，其通式為ABPO4 (A = Li, K；B = Sr, Ba)，採用LiSrPO4、KSrPO4、KBaPO4三系列為主體晶格，並添加銪(Eu2+)、鋱(Tb3+)、釤(Sm3+)稀土元素為發光中心。主體晶格係由陽離子與陰離子配位所構成，探討陽離子分別由鹼金屬(Li、K)與鹼土金屬(Sr、Ba)組成其晶格場改變之影響，並研究添加不同濃度之發光中心離子，其發光機制與濃度淬滅(concentration quenching)效應，最後利用不同之燒結環境，進而探討其放光特性與化學性質。
於本研究中所使用之分析方法主要有:以X-光粉末繞射儀(X-ray diffraction; XRD)鑑定樣品之純度與其長程有序晶體結構；利用光激發光光譜儀(photoluminescence; PL)分析螢光粉之激發光譜與放射光譜特性，並將放射光譜以程式轉換為其色度座標；以紫外可見光擴散式反射光譜(UV-vis. diffuse reflectance spectra; UV-vis. DRS)分析固態螢光粉末於紫外光與可見光其吸收特性；以掃描式電子顯微鏡(scanning electron microscope; SEM)進行樣品表面型態分析與觀察其粒徑大小之差異性；以熱重分析與差式掃描熱分析【(thermo gravimetric analysis(TGA) and differential scanning calorimetric(DSC)】分析樣品熱分解過程之重量變化與化學反應過程；以熱螢光光譜儀(thermoluminescence; TL)測試粉體實際應用之熱穩定性。本研究部分成果已發表於Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151108 (2007)期刊與申請一件專利。The energy crisis awareness is improving gradually and many countries diverted their research propaganda towards the development of the novel lighting equipments. In this regard, the new trend has been developed to use light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a source of light, which is considered to be advantageous in many respects such as energy saving, lower contamination, lower heat generation, higher response speed and longer lifetime. In 1996, the first white LED was developed by Nichia Chemical Company, Japan. They utilized a blue LED chip (InGaN) in combination with a yellow phosphor (cerium doped yttrium aluminum garnet; YAG:Ce) to generate white light. This opens up the new directions for the development of LEDs with great advantages that will leap forward and march towards its optimum use in illumination.
However, the above white LED presented the major drawbacks of lower color rendering index (CRI), cool light and lower thermal stability. To overcome this problem, there is a kind of phosphor technology being developed at leading companies, which focuses on improving their efficiency, power stability for prolonged period, color temperature and thermal stability. The aim of this work is to develop the novel phosphors based on phosphate host matrix, which can produce superior blue, green and red lights under excitation by UV-LED or blue range and exhibit thermal stability at higher temperature.
In this study, we prepared the phosphate compounds by using solid state reaction. The general chemical formula of these materials is ABPO4 (A = Li, K；B = Sr, Ba). The host matrixes were doped with different rare earth elements (Eu, Tb and Sm). We investigated the influence of change in crystal field which composed of different alkaline metal (Li, K) or alkaline-earth metal (Sr, Ba) cations. The effect of sintering of these materials at different temperatures to explore their PL and chemical properties has also been investigated. In addition to this we also studied their luminescent mechanism and concentration quenching effect.
The characterization of the phosphors was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to study the crystal structure and photoluminescence (PL) measurements were carried out to show excitation and emission properties. The emission spectra were transformed to the Commission International de I ‘Eclairage (CIE) by the Colortt program to realize their color coordinates. The reflective ultraviolet/visible spectrometer (UV-Vis) revealed the absorption mechanism of phosphor in consistent with the PL measurements. We also used scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) to obtain particle size, morphology, and chemical composition respectively. The thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analyses were performed to examine the weight loss and chemical reactions occur during the heat treatment. Finally, the thermoluminescence (TL) measurements suggested luminescence stability of the powders at higher temperature. The part of our work has been published in Appl. Phys. Lett. [90, 151108 (2007)] and also we have filed a patent.總目錄....................................................I
圖目錄...................................................VI
表目錄...................................................XI
第一章 緒論...............................................1
1.1光-豐富人生，世界更加絢麗與奇妙........................................................1
1.1.1發光之定義........................................................2
1.1.2發光之種類........................................................2
1.2視覺與顏色.............................................5
1.2.1視覺與形成過程.......................................5
1.2.2顏色之物理性質.......................................6
1.2.3 CIE色度座標(CIE chromaticity diagram) ..............7
1.2.4 RGB表色系統.........................................9
1.2.5色溫(color temperature) ............................10
1.2.6演色性(color rendering index) ......................12
1.2.7專有名詞............................................14
1.3人類照明之變革........................................14
1.3.1白熾燈泡............................................14
1.3.2鹵素燈泡............................................15
1.3.3日光燈..............................................15
1.3.4各種照明設備........................................17
1.4 LED之應用與未來發展趨勢..............................18
1.4.1 LED之照明應用......................................19
1.4.2 LED未來發展趨勢....................................21
1.5螢光粉發光上之應用....................................23
1.5.1霓虹燈..............................................23
1.5.2場發射顯示器........................................24
1.5.3真空螢光顯示器......................................25
1.5.4電激發光顯示器......................................26
1.5.5電漿顯示器..........................................27
1.5.6白光發光二極體(white light emitting diodes；WLEDs)..28
1.6發光二極體用之螢光粉..................................30
1.6.1螢光粉之發光原理....................................30
1.6.2主體晶格之選擇......................................32
1.6.3活化劑之選擇........................................33
1.6.4抑制劑之選擇........................................34
1.6.5稀土離子............................................34
1.7影響發光效率之因素與定則..............................36
1.7.1主體晶格效應(Host effect) ..........................37
1.7.2濃度淬滅效應(Concentration quenching effect) .......37
1.7.3熱消滅(Thermal quenching) ..........................38
1.7.4斯托克位移(Stokes shift)與卡薩定則(Kasha rule) .....39
1.7.5法蘭克-康頓原理(Franck-Condon Principle) ...........41
1.7.6能量傳遞(Energy transfer) ..........................42
1.8文獻與專利回顧........................................44
1.8.1磷酸鹽類發展歷史....................................46
1.8.2焦磷酸鹽............................................46
1.8.3鹼土磷酸鹽..........................................46
1.8.4稀土磷酸鹽..........................................47
1.8.5磷酸鹽類之文獻與專利回顧............................47
1.8.6磷酸鹽類之整理......................................50
1.8.7磷酸鹽類之結構整理..................................57
1.9本研究目的............................................64
第二章 樣品合成與儀器分析原理............................65
2.1 化學藥品.............................................65
2.2 樣品之製備...........................................66
2.2.1高溫固相反應製備發光材料............................66
2.2.2助熔劑法............................................68
2.2.3實驗流程............................................68
2.2.4 LiSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之合成.............69
2.2.5 KB1-xPO4:Lnx (B = Sr, Ba；Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之合成...70
2.3 樣品鑑定分析.........................................70
2.4粉末X-光繞射儀........................................71
2.4.1 X光基本原理........................................72
2.4.2繞射原理............................................73
2.4.3結構精算............................................74
2.4.4 XRD實驗儀器........................................77
2.5光激發光譜儀(Photoluminescence; PL) ..................78
2.5.1 PL實驗儀器.........................................80
2.6紫外可見光擴散式反射光譜(UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra; UV-VisDRS) .....................................82
2.6.1 固態粉體之吸收光譜.................................82
2.7掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope; SEM) ..84
2.7.1工作原理............................................84
2.7.2 X-射線能量散佈分析儀(EDS) .........................85
2.8時間解析與靜態螢光光譜儀(time resolved and steady state fluorescence spectrometers) .............................86
2.9 熱螢光光譜儀(thermoluminescence; TL) ................86
第三章 結果與討論........................................87
3.1 LiSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)特性分析.............88
3.1.1 LiSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之XRD結構鑑定與精算分析.......................................................88
3.1.2 LiSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之光譜與色度座標圖.94
3.1.3 LiSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之熱性質與活化能..105
3.2 KSrPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)特性分析.................111
3.2.1 KSrPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)晶體結構...............111
3.2.2 KSrPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)光譜分析與放光機制.....117
3.2.3 KSrPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之濃度淬滅與臨界距離...123
3.2.4 KSrPO4:Ln(Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)光致發光之衰減現象......125
3.2.5 KSrPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之表面型態分析.........128
3.2.6 KSrPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之熱螢光與波長位移.....131
3.3 KBaPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)特性分析.................138
3.3.1 KBaPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)晶體結構...............138
3.3.2 KBaPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)光譜特性...............143
3.3.3 KBaPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)熱螢光光譜分析.........149
3.4綜合整理.............................................152
3.4.1活化中心(Eu2+, Tb3+, Sm3+)之特性分析與發光機制.....152
3.4.2粉體搭配與色彩表現.................................157
第四章 結論.............................................158
參考文獻................................................160
圖目錄
圖1.1螢光棒發光原理.......................................4
圖1.2螢火蟲發光原理.......................................5
圖1.3視網膜結構圖.........................................6
圖1.4可見光光譜圖.........................................7
圖1.5三維CIE色度座標圖....................................8
圖1.6 RGB色彩立方體.......................................9
圖1.7 CIE色度座標圖上之黑體軌跡..........................10
圖1.8自然光與人工光之色溫度圖............................11
圖1.9螢光燈管之光譜分析圖................................16
圖1.10 LED作為汽車照明設備...............................20
圖1.11 LED室內外照明設備.................................21
圖1.12 LED技術發展趨勢與應用範圍.........................22
圖1.13場發射顯示器結構圖.................................25
圖1.14真空螢光顯示器結構圖...............................26
圖1.15電激發光顯示器結構圖...............................27
圖1.16電漿顯示器結構圖...................................28
圖1.17 LED內部結構圖.....................................29
圖1.18物質吸光與放光過程電子轉移路徑.....................31
圖1.19三價稀土元素之能階圖...............................36
圖1.20活化劑於主體晶格能量轉移示意圖.....................38
圖1.21淬滅溫度之曲線圖...................................39
圖1.22熱消滅之能階圖.....................................39
圖1.23螢光體之Stokes shift示意圖.........................40
圖1.24法蘭克-康頓原理之位能曲線示意......................42
圖1.25庫倫力作用導致之能量傳遞圖.........................43
圖1.26製作白光發光二極體之四種方法.......................45
圖2.1固態反應流程圖......................................69
圖2.2 X-光原理示意圖 (a)銅靶之1s電子游離形成電洞，2p電子填入並釋出X-光 (b)銅靶釋出之X-光光譜.......................73
圖2.3 X-光繞射示意圖.....................................74
圖2.4晶體繞射結構解析之一般流程..........................77
圖2.5 X-光粉末繞射儀(PANalytical X’Pert PRO XRD) .......78
圖2.6螢光體光譜量測過程..................................79
圖2.7光激發光譜儀構造....................................81
圖2.8光激發光譜儀(FluoroMax-3)儀器外觀...................81
圖2.9光吸收、反射、散射與穿透圖..........................82
圖2.12電子束與試片作用產生各種電子示意圖.................85
圖2.13熱螢光光譜儀器外觀.................................86
圖3.1 LiSr0.9PO4:Eu0.1之X-光粉末繞射結構精算圖...........90
圖3.2 LiSr0.9PO4:Tb0.1之X-光粉末繞射結構精算圖...........91
圖3.3 LiSr0.9PO4:Sm0.1之X-光粉末繞射結構精算圖...........92
圖3.4 LiSrPO4結構示意圖，(a)c軸方向之a,b軸剖面圖；(b)b軸方向之a,c軸剖面圖..........................................93
圖3.5 LiSrPO4原子結構示意圖，(a)c軸方向之a,b軸剖面圖；(b)b軸方向之a,c軸剖面圖......................................93
圖3.6稀土離子f-d能階躍遷受晶格場與電子雲影響之示意圖.....96
圖3.7 LiSr1-xPO4:Eux不同摻雜濃度之激發與發射光譜圖......100
圖3.8 LiSr1-xPO4:Eux不同摻雜濃度與螢光強度關係圖，內圖：濃度衰減效應示意圖........................................100
圖3.9 LiSr1-xPO4:Tbx不同摻雜濃度之激發光譜圖............101
圖3.10 LiSr1-xPO4:Tbx不同摻雜濃度之發射光譜圖...........101
圖3.11 LiSr1-xPO4:Tbx不同摻雜濃度之擴散式反射光譜圖.....102
圖3.12 LiSr1-xPO4:Smx不同摻雜濃度之激發光譜圖...........102
圖3.13 LiSr1-xPO4:Smx不同摻雜濃度之發射光譜圖...........103
圖3.14 LiSr1-xPO4:Smx不同摻雜濃度與螢光強度關係圖.......103
圖3.15 LiSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)不同摻雜濃度之色度座標圖....................................................104
圖3.16 LiSr0.93PO4:Eu0.07樣品之熱螢光光譜圖.............106
圖3.17基態能階與激發態能階構成之結構座標圖..............107
圖3.18 LiSr0.95PO4:Tb0.05樣品之熱螢光光譜圖.............109
圖3.19 LiSr0.99PO4:Sm0.01樣品之熱螢光光譜圖.............109
圖3.20 LiSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)樣品之活化能示意圖......................................................110
圖3.21 KSr1-xPO4:Eux (x = 0∼0.010)之XRD圖譜............113
圖3.22 KSr1-xPO4:Tbx (x = 0∼0.15)之XRD圖譜，其中＊表SrO2雜相之繞射峰..............................................114
圖3.23 KSr1-xPO4:Smx (x = 0∼0.10)之XRD圖譜.............115
圖3.24 KSrPO4之晶體結構圖...............................116
圖3.25 KSr1-xPO4:Eux (x = 0∼0.010)之PL光譜圖...........119
圖3.26 KSr1-xPO4:Eux (x = 0∼0.010)之擴散式反射光譜圖...119
圖3.27 KSr1-xPO4:Tbx不同摻雜濃度之激發光譜圖............120
圖3.28 KSr1-xPO4:Tbx不同摻雜濃度之發射光譜圖............120
圖3.29 KSr1-xPO4:Smx不同摻雜濃度之激發光譜圖............121
圖3.30 KSr1-xPO4:Smx不同摻雜濃度之發射光譜圖............121
圖3.31 KSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之色度座標圖......122
圖3.32KSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)摻雜濃度與放射強度變化之關係圖................................................124
圖3.33 KSr1-xPO4:Eux之發光強度衰減曲線圖................126
圖3.34 KSr1-xPO4:Tbx之發光強度衰減曲線圖................127
圖3.35 KSr1-xPO4:Smx之發光強度衰減曲線圖................127
圖3.36固態法合成KSrPO4:Ln螢光粉之SEM圖，(a)Ln = Eu2+；(b)Ln = Tb3+；(c)Ln = Sm3+.................................129
圖3.37 KSr0.995PO4:Eu0.0052+之粒徑分布圖................130
圖3.38 KSrPO4之EDX圖....................................130
圖3.39 KSr0.995PO4:Eu0.0052+溫度與其放光波長位置圖......132
圖3.40高低溫時，其分裂之激發光譜能量轉移與放光之相應圖..132
圖3.41 KSr0.995PO4:Eu0.005樣品之熱螢光光譜圖............133
圖3.42非輻射轉移基態能階與激發態能階構成之結構座標圖，(a)強偶合, S＞5；(b)弱偶合, S＜1；(c)中間偶合,1＜S＜5........135
圖3.43 KSr0.93PO4:Tb0.07樣品之熱螢光光譜圖..............136
圖3.44 KSr0.99PO4:Sm0.01樣品之熱螢光光譜圖..............136
圖3.45 KSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)樣品之活化能示意圖137
圖3.46 KBa1-xPO4:Eux (x = 0∼0.01)之XRD圖譜.............139
圖3.47 KBa1-xPO4:Tbx (x = 0∼0.4)之XRD圖譜，其中＊表BaO金屬氧化物之繞射峰..........................................140
圖3.48 KBa1-xPO4:Smx (x = 0∼0.1)之XRD圖譜，其中＊表BaO金屬氧化物之繞射峰..........................................141
圖3.49 KBaPO4之晶體結構圖...............................142
圖3.50 KBa1-xPO4:Eux (x = 0.001∼0.010)之激發光譜.......145
圖3.51 KBa1-xPO4:Eux (x = 0.001∼0.010)之發射光譜.......145
圖3.52 KBa1-xPO4:Tbx (x = 0.05∼0.40)之激發光譜.........146
圖3.53 KBa1-xPO4:Tbx (x = 0.05∼0.40)之發射光譜.........146
圖3.54 KBa1-xPO4:Smx (x = 0.005∼0.1)之激發光譜.........147
圖3.55 KBa1-xPO4:Smx (x = 0.005∼0.1)之發射光譜.........147
圖3.56 KBa1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之色度座標圖......148
圖3.57 KBa0.995PO4:Eu0.005樣品之熱螢光光譜圖............150
圖3.58 KBa0.7PO4:Tb0.3樣品之熱螢光光譜圖................150
圖3.59 KBa0.993PO4:Sm0.007樣品之熱螢光光譜圖............151
圖3.60 KBa1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)樣品之活化能示意圖151
圖3.61各活化中心之能階示意圖............................152
圖3.62 ABPO4:Eu之推測放光機制圖.........................154
圖3.63 ABPO4:Eu之發射光譜圖.............................155
圖3.64 ABPO4:Tb之發射光譜圖.............................156
圖3.65 ABPO4:Sm之發射光譜圖.............................156
圖3.66 KSrPO4:Ln (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之粉體調光原理示意圖..157
表目錄
表1-1 不同環境下之相關色溫度.............................12
表1-2 平均演色評價指數(Ra之數值) ........................13
表1-3 白光LED、日光燈與白熾燈泡之比較....................17
表1-4 各國發展白光LED之技術動向..........................23
表1-5 螢光體主體之陽離子示意圖...........................32
表1-6 螢光體主體之陰離子示意圖...........................33
表1-7 活化劑之陽離子示意圖...............................33
表1-8 抑制劑之陽離子示意圖...............................34
表2-1本研究所使用之藥品清單..............................65
表2-2 一般X光所使用金屬靶之波長..........................71
表3-1 LiSr0.9PO4:Eu0.1之各項原子結構參數.................90
表3-2 LiSr0.9PO4:Tb0.1之各項原子結構參數.................91
表3-3 LiSr0.9PO4:Sm0.1之各項原子結構參數.................92
表3-4 LiSr1-xPO4:Lnx (Ln = Eu, Tb, Sm)之色度座標位置....104
表3-5 ABPO4:Eu (A = Li, K；B = Sr, Ba)之光學性質........15
- …
