472,446 research outputs found
Rathalos treecko Lin & Zhao & Koh & Li 2022, comb. nov.
No full textRathalos treecko (Lin & Li, 2021) comb. nov. Anyphaena treecko Lin & Li, In: Lin et al., 2021: 101, figs 9A–C, 10A–B, 14I–J. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar42404), China: Hainan, Changjiang County, Bawangling, Dongsizhan (19.0495°N, 109.1157°E), 23 April 2009, G. Tang leg. (examined). Paratypes. 2♀ (IZCAS-Ar42405–Ar42406), same data as holotype (examined). Diagnosis. See Lin et al. (2021). Description. See Lin et al. (2021). Distribution. China (Hainan). Comments. The cymbial apophysis, the triangular epigyne and the straight copulatory duct indicate that this species belongs to Rathalos Lin & Li, gen. nov. Thus, we transfer it from Anyphaena to Rathalos Lin & Li, gen. nov.Published as part of Lin, Yejie, Zhao, Huifeng, Koh, Joseph K H & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, Taxonomy notes on twenty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from Asia, pp. 198-270 in Zoological Systematics 47 (3) on page 201, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2022303, http://zenodo.org/record/717585
The Study of Androgen Effects on LPA-induced VEGF-C Expression in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
No full textA single E-box in the <i>Cel-lin-3</i> CRM is not sufficient for <i>lin-3</i> expression in the anchor cell of <i>C</i>. <i>elegans</i>.
No full text(A) New cis-regulatory lin-3 alleles with deleted E-boxL and NHR or NHR and E-boxR. (B) Quantification of vulval induction in these new mutants. Note the complete absence of any induction in the recovered lin-3 alleles (n>30). Scorings of lin-3(1417) animals are the same as those reported in Fig 5 and are used here to indicate that this mutation leads to vulval hypo-induction rather than no induction at all. (C-D) smFISH in lin-3(mf72) (C) and N2 (D) animals. Green spots correspond to lin-3 transcripts and red spots to lag-2 that is used as an anchor cell marker. Blue is DAPI staining of nuclei. Note the absence of lin-3 expression in the anchor cell in the lin-3(mf72) mutant animal. Absence of lin-3 signal in the anchor cell was also confirmed for the other lin-3 alleles.</p
The stem cell E3-ligase Lin-41 promotes liver cancer progression through inhibition of microRNA-mediated gene silencing
No full textLin-41 is a stem cell-specific E3 ligase and a known target of the tumour suppressor microRNA (miRNA) let-7. Lin-41 was recently reported to mediate ubiquitylation and degradation of the miRNA pathway protein Ago2. We demonstrate that Lin-41 is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lin-41 over-expression correlates with high a-fetoprotein level, high tumour grade and high tumour stage and predicts early tumour recurrence. Lin-41 is a strong predictor of poor long-term survival for patients with HCC. Lin-41 knock-down by RNA interference in HCC cell lines Huh7 and Hep3B suppressed proliferation in vitro and reduced in vivo tumour growth in NOD/SCID mice. On the other hand, over-expression of Lin-41 in the HCC cell line SK-Hep1 enhanced tumourigenicity. Over-expression and knock-down of Lin-41 led to inverse changes in the levels of Ago1 and Ago2 proteins. Over-expression of Ago1 and Ago2 reduced in vivo tumour growth. Lin-41 over-expression suppressed let-7 activity in HCC cell lines and expression of Lin-41 enhanced the expression of let-7-regulated oncogenes c-Myc, Lin-28B, HMGA2 and type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R). Expression of Lin-28B and c-Myc enhanced the expression of Lin-41. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assays revealed direct association of c-Myc with the Lin-41 promoter, resulting in transcriptional transactivation. Our results indicate that Lin-41 plays an important role in the growth of HCC by regulating RISC complex proteins Ago1 and Ago2 to inhibit miRNA-mediated gene silencing and promote the expression of oncogenic proteins. Lin-41 is also a strong prognostic factor for patients with HCC. Copyright (C) 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Singaporemma bifurcata Lin & Li 2010
No full textSingaporemma bifurcata Lin & Li, 2010 Figures 1A–H, 2A–E, 6F–f, 8A Singaporemma bifurcata Lin & Li, 2010: 26, figs 29–37 Examined material. Topotypes 11♂ 25♀ (NHMSU), CHINA: Guizhou, Suiyang, Wenquan Town, Guihua Village, Hejiao Cave, 28°15´N, 107°17´E, altitude 695 m, 17 April 2015, Y. Lin and H. Yang leg. Diagnosis. With the exception of S. wulongensis, male of S. bifurcata can be distinguished from all other congeners by the embolus with an asymmetrically furcate end (Fig. 6f vs. Fig. 6a–d, 6g –h), and female of S. bifurcata differs by the stubby, sclerotized central process (Fig. 8A vs. Figs. 5C–D, 7A–C, 9A–B). S. bifurcata similar to S. wulongensis in the shape of palpal bulb and the configuration of vulva, but male of S. bifurcata can be distinguished from that of S. wulongensis by the starting position of embolus (Fig. 6F vs. Fig. 6E, the position indicated by the blue arrow) and the unequal length of branches of embolic tip (Fig. 6f vs. Fig. 6e); female of S. bifurcata separated by the smaller, “Ω”-shaped inner vulval plate, and the shorter central process (Fig. 8A vs. Fig. 8B). Description. See Figs 1A–H, 2A–E, 6F–f, 8A and Lin & Li, 2010: 26. Distribution. China (Guizhou) (Fig. 10).Published as part of Yan, Fanhu & Lin, Yucheng, 2018, A review of the spider genus Singaporemma (Araneae: Tetrablemmidae), with the description of a new species, pp. 329-346 in Zootaxa 4392 (2) on page 334, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4392.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/119544
Electroreductive room-temperature C–H activations with RuCl 3 · n H 2 O precatalyst via cathodic ruthenium( iii / ii ) manifold
No full textElectroreductive C–H activations with RuCl 3 · n H 2 O precatalyst proceed at exceedingly mild temperatures. Detailed mechanistic studies offer evidence for a cathodic ruthenium( iii / ii ) manifold, along with the involvement of a biscyclometalated species.We, herein, disclose a strategy to directly utilize user-friendly RuCl 3 · n H 2 O for ortho - as well as meta -C–H functionalizations at low temperatures. The key to success was the in situ formation of the active ruthenium catalyst through cathodic electron transfer, setting the stage for C–H activations under exceedingly mild reaction conditions. The robustness of our electrocatalysis process was highlighted by the late-stage diversification of compounds of relevance to chemical, agrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries, as well as simple amines as terminal reductants for the electroreduction. Detailed mechanistic studies by, among others, spectroelectrochemical analysis provided strong evidence for a cathodic reduction manifold.Electroreductive C–H activations with RuCl 3 · n H 2 O precatalyst proceed at exceedingly mild temperatures. Detailed mechanistic studies offer evidence for a cathodic ruthenium( iii / ii ) manifold, along with the involvement of a biscyclometalated species.We, herein, disclose a strategy to directly utilize user-friendly RuCl 3 · n H 2 O for ortho - as well as meta -C–H functionalizations at low temperatures. The key to success was the in situ formation of the active ruthenium catalyst through cathodic electron transfer, setting the stage for C–H activations under exceedingly mild reaction conditions. The robustness of our electrocatalysis process was highlighted by the late-stage diversification of compounds of relevance to chemical, agrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries, as well as simple amines as terminal reductants for the electroreduction. Detailed mechanistic studies by, among others, spectroelectrochemical analysis provided strong evidence for a cathodic reduction manifold.Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung https://doi.org/10.13039/100010447China Scholarship Council https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004543European Research Council https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000781Fonds der Chemischen Industrie https://doi.org/10.13039/100018992Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659Horizon 2020 Framework Programme https://doi.org/10.13039/10001066
Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Oxidation/sp(2) C-H Acylation of Azoarenes with Aryl Methanes
No full textA Pd-catalyzed cascade oxidation/sp(2) C-H bond acylation of azoarenes was developed in which readily available aryl methanes were used as the in situ generated acyl sources. This reaction provides a convenient access to ortho-acyl azoarenes under mild conditions
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