1,721,059 research outputs found
COVID-19 infection in primary central nervous system lymphoma treatment: Who is most at risk?
No full textIn their paper, Ferreri et al.1 from the International PCNSL Collaborative Group report on the clinical outcomes of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and SARS-CoV-2 infection.2 This retrospective observational study comprises an impressive cohort of 91 patients given the rarity of this lymphoma subtype. In this study, 70% were infected with SARS-CoV-2 close to or during first-line treatment, 23% in follow up and 7% during salvage therapy. Among them, 16 participants were vaccinated, with the majority (88%) also infected during first-line treatment
Impaired immune responses in blood cancers improved by third COVID-19 vaccine dose
No full textDespite the gradual lifting of COVID-19 restrictions worldwide, a cloud continues to hang over immunosuppressed people, who may not develop protective immune responses after vaccination. In particular, people with hematological malignancies are at greater risk of severe COVID-19 disease despite vaccination1. Multiple studies have identified risk factors associated with poor vaccine responses, but most are compromised by intrinsic limitations in study design. Assessment of paired humoral and cellular responses in a large and clinically homogeneous cohort is critical to allow accurate characterization of vaccine immune response in these people. The other major concern in this population is whether the antibodies induced by vaccination will be effective against the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
Optimizing therapy in advanced stage Hodgkin Lymphoma
No full textThe treatment of Hodgkin Lymphoma has evolved continuously since the introduction of extended-field radiotherapy in the 1960s to involved-field then involved-node radiotherapy, multi-agent chemotherapy, combined chemo-radiotherapy, risk-adapted and response-adapted modulation, and most recently, introduction of antibody-drug conjugates and immune checkpoint-blocking antibodies. These changes have translated into progressively increasing cure rates, so that 10-year survival figures now exceed 80%, compared to less than 50% 40 years ago. The challenge now is how to improve upon success while maintaining, or if possible improving, the quality of life for survivors. Steering between under-treatment, with the risk of avoidable recurrences, and over-treatment, with the risk of unnecessary toxicity, remains complex since control of the lymphoma and the probability of survival are no longer closely linked. This requires trials with long follow-up and continuous re-appraisal of the interaction between the illness; the method used to define risk, and the type of treatment involved. One important factor in this is age: outcomes in older patients have not improved at the same rate as those in the population under 60, reflecting the need for different approaches. Recently, treatment has moved from being primarily risk-based, using baseline characteristics such as anatomical stage and severity of the illness, to a more dynamic approach which takes account of the response to therapy, using functional imaging to make an early appraisal, with the option to modulate subsequent treatment. The results of several trials indicate that this has advantages, but that a combination of risk- and response-adaptation is probably ideal
Two approaches to tackling COVID-19 in patients with blood cancer
No full textPatients with blood cancer have fewer antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination — but recent work shows that these antibodies seem to bind to viral spike protein more strongly than those in matched controls. In addition, another study finds that convalescent or vaccinee plasma might improve COVID-19 outcomes in those with blood cancer
Dataset to support the Southampton Doctoral thesis "Characterisation of novel human CD27-specific antibodies for cancer therapy"
No full textThe dataset supports a thesis "Characterisation of novel human CD27-specific antibodies for cancer therapy". The dataset includes four excel spreadsheets containing raw data for each result chapter of the thesis, subdivided by figure numbers.
Parts of this data have been published in:
Heckel, F., Turaj, A.H., Fisher, H. et al. Agonistic CD27 antibody potency is determined by epitope-dependent receptor clustering augmented through Fc-engineering. Commun Biol 5, 229 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03182-6</span
Coronavirus monoclonal antibodies as a prophylactic therapy against COVID-19 for immunocompromised groups
No full text- Novel long-acting coronavirus prophylactic monoclonal antibody therapies have been shown to be effective in preventing COVID-19 in immunocompromised individuals who are at increased risk from SARS-CoV-2.- Prophylactic antibody therapies should be made available in a timely manner to give an antibody immunity boost to vulnerable patients.- Real world evaluations should be co-implemented to provide confidence of ongoing effectiveness.- Successful delivery of a coronavirus prophylactic antibody therapy programme would deliver significant benefits to healthcare systems, communities and immunocompromised individuals
Greater preservation of SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibody responses following the ChAdOx1-S (AZD1222) vaccine compared with mRNA vaccines in haematopoietic cell transplant recipients
No full textWhilst SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines generate high neutralising antibodies (nAb) in most individuals, haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) recipients respond poorly. HSCT/CAR-T treatment ablates existing immune memory, with recipients requiring revaccination analogous to being vaccine naive. An optimal revaccination strategy for this cohort has not been defined. Factors predicting immunogenicity following three ancestral SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were assessed in 198 HSCT/CAR-T recipients and 96 healthcare workers (HCWs) recruited to multicentre studies. Only 25% of HSCT/CAR-T recipients generated nAbs following one dose, with titres 167-fold and 7-fold lower than that in HCWs after the first and second doses, respectively. Lower post-second dose nAb titres were associated with older age, rituximab use, and previous HSCT. ChAdOx1-S recipients were more likely to generate nAbs compared with mRNA vaccines, with titres comparable to HCWs. In contrast, nAbs were significantly lower in HSCT/CAR-T recipients than HCWs after mRNA vaccination. The poor first-dose immunogenicity in HSCT/CAR-T recipients suggests a minimum licensed dosing interval could limit the period of vulnerability following HSCT/CAR-T. The relative preservation of nAbs with ChAdOx1-S vaccination highlights the importance of evaluating alternative platforms to mRNA vaccination within this highly vulnerable clinical cohort
Chemotherapy: advanced Hodgkin lymphoma - balancing toxicity and cure
No full textThe combination of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vincristine and dacarbazine (ABVD) has emerged as a standard of care in advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma over the past four decades. Clinicians treating patients with cancer frequently walk a tightrope where the requirements of efficacy have to be balanced against the morbidity caused by the treatment
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