1,721,123 research outputs found
Rectal cancer: state of the art in 2012
No full textPurpose of review To discuss the recent developments of multimodal treatment for patients with local advanced rectal cancer, including incorporation of new chemotherapeutic and targeted agents, and the optimal sequence and timing of treatment components. Recent findings Five randomized trials have been completed to determine whether the addition of oxaliplatin to preoperative, fluorouracil-based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) offers an advantage compared to single-agent fluorouracil CRT. Early results from the ACCORD 12, STAR-01, and NSAPB R-04 trials did not confirm a significant improvement of early efficacy endpoints with the addition of oxaliplatin, whereas the German CAO/ARO/AIO-04 did. Most of the phase II trials incorporating cetuximab into CRT reported disappointingly low rates of pathologic complete response (pCR); the combination of CRT with VEGF inhibition showed encouraging pCR rates; however, it was associated with increased surgical complications. Novel clinical trials address the role of induction chemotherapy, of delayed, minimal or omitted surgery following CRT, or the omission of radiotherapy for selected patients. Summary At this time, the use of oxaliplatin or targeted agents as component of multimodality treatment for rectal cancer outside of a clinical trial is not recommended. The inclusion of different treatment options, according to tumor stage, location, imaging features, and response, will render the multimodal treatment approach of rectal cancer more risk-adapted.Merck; Roche; Amge
Kolorektale Lebermetastasen: hat der Zeitpunkt des Auftretens eine Bedeutung für das onkologische Konzept und die Prognose?
No full textComment on "Lymph Nodes After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Carcinoma: Number, Status, and Impact on Survival"
No full textComment on "Lymph Nodes After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Carcinoma: Number, Status, and Impact on Survival"
No full textIncomplete DPYD haplotype B3 in a patient with locally advanced gastric cancer: Reconsidering the 5-FU dosage strategy
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001663 Volkswagen Foundatio
Update of carcinoembryonic antigen radioimmunotherapy with (131)supercript stopI-Labetuzumab after salvage resection of colorectal liver metastases: Comparison of outcome to a contemporaneous control group
No full textBackground: We tested whether adjuvant radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) given after R0 resection of liver metastases (LM) of colorectal cancer is safe and can improve survival. Resection of LM from colorectal cancer is the standard of care in this setting, yet two thirds will eventually relapse, and adjuvant systemic chemotherapy has failed to improve survival. Methods: Twenty-three patients who underwent R0 resection for LM of colorectal cancer received a dose of 40 to 60 mCi/m(2) I-131-labetuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen. Safety (n = 23), disease-free survival, and overall survival (n = 19) were analyzed, and efficacy was then compared retrospectively with a similar contemporaneous group of control patients (n = 19) treated at the same institution during the same time period but without RAIT. Results: At a median follow-up of 91 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 68.0 months to infinity), the median overall survival for RAIT patients was 58.0 months (95% CI, 55.0 months to infinity), versus 31.0 months (95% CI, 26.0 months to infinity) at a 51-month median follow-up for the controls (P = .032). The median disease-free survival for RAIT patients was 18.0 months (95% CI, 11.0-31.0 months), versus 12.0 months (95% CI, 6.5-27.0 months) for the controls (P = .565). Corresponding survival rates (Kaplan-Meier analyses) were estimated to be 94.7% at 1 year, 78.9% at 2 years, 68.4% at 3 years, and 42.1% at 5 years with RAIT and 94.7%, 68.4%, 36.8%, and 15.8%, respectively, for the controls. RAIT was beneficial independently of bilobar involvement, size and number of LM, or resection margins. Transient myelosuppression was the principal adverse effect. Conclusions: This first evidence of a promising survival advantage of adjuvant RAIT after long-term follow-up of colorectal cancer patients given salvage resection of LM warrants confirmation in a prospective randomized trial
Nonprosthesis orthopedic applications of F-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET in the detection of osteomyelitis
No full textThis article describes the impact of [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET in the diagnosis of non-prosthesis-related orthopedic infections and inflammation. FDG-PET has an excellent sensitivity in the detection of osteomyelitis (OM). Early data indicate that FDG-PET may be more specific than MRI in diagnosing OM. The role of the combination of FDG and PET-CT in the diagnosis of OM is likely to be determined as this combination is used on a routine basis. Early data from studies in rheumatoid arthritis indicate that FDG-PET is highly accurate in early diagnosis and that it provides results comparable to the most advanced conventional techniques
Predictive value of Ki67 and p53 in locally advanced rectal cancer: Correlation with thymidylate synthase and histopathological tumor regression after neoadjuvant 5-FU-based chemoradiotherapy
No full textAIM: To investigate the predictive value of Ki67 and p53 and their correlation with thymidylate synthase (TS) gene expression in a rectal cancer patient cohort treated according to a standardized recommended neoadjuvant treatment regimen. METHODS: Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded pretherapeutical tumor biopsies (n=22) and post-therapeutical resection specimens (n=40) from patients with rectal adenocarcinoma (clinical UICC stage II/III) receiving standardized neoadjuvant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) based chemoradiotherapy were studied for Ki67 and p53 expression by immunohistochemistry and correlated with TS mRNA expression by quantitative TaqMan realtime PCR after laser microdissection. The results were compared with histopathological tumor regression according to a standardized semiquantitative score grading system. RESULTS: Responders (patients with high tumor regression) showed a significantly lower Ki67 expression than non-responders in the pre-therapeutical tumor biopsies (81.2% vs 16.7%; P < 0.05) as well as in the post-therapeutical resection specimens (75.8% vs 14.3%; P < 0.01). High TS mRNA expression was significantly correlated with a high Ki67 index and low TS mRNA expression was significantly correlated with a low Ki67 index in the pre-therapeutical tumor biopsies (corr. coef. = 0.46; P < 0.01) as well as in the post-therapeutical resection specimens (corr. coef. = 0.40; P < 0.05). No significant association was found between p53 and TS mRNA expression or tumor regression. CONCLUSION: Ki67 has, like TS, predictive value in rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant 5-FU based chemoradiotherapy. The close correlation between Ki67 and TS indicates that TS is involved in active cell cycle processes. (c) 2008 WJG. All rights reserved
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