1,721,104 research outputs found
Tangible interaction for 3D widget manipulation in virtual environments
No full textIn this paper we explore the usage of tangible controllers for the manipulation of 3D widgets in scientific visualization applications. Tangible controllers can be more efficient than unrestricted 6-DOF devices, since many 3D widgets impose some restrictions on how they can be manipulated. In particular for tasks that are in essence two-dimensional, such as drawing a contour on a surface, tangible controllers have advantages over 6-DOF devices. We have conducted a user study in which subjects draw a contour on a three-dimensional curved surface using a 3D contour drawing widget. We compared four different input methods for controlling the contour drawing widget and the viewpoint of the surface: using one 2D mouse for drawing and viewpoint selection, using a 6-DOF pen for drawing and a 6-DOF cube device for viewpoint selection, using a 6-DOF pen for drawing on a tangible 6-DOF cube which implements a Magic Lens style visualization technique, and using a 2D mouse for drawing and a 6-DOF cube for viewpoint selection. We show that while the mouse outperforms 6-DOF input methods, the tangible controller is superior to unrestricted 6-DOF input
A framework for performance evaluation of model-based optical trackers
No full textWe describe a software framework to evaluate the performance of model-based optical trackers in virtual environments. The framework can be used to evaluate and compare the performance of different trackers under various conditions, to study the effects of varying intrinsic and extrinsic camera properties, and to study the effects of environmental conditions on tracker performance. The framework consists of a simulator that, given various input conditions, generates a series of images. The input conditions of the framework model important aspects, such as the interaction task, input device geometry, camera properties and occlusion. As a concrete case, we illustrate the usage of the proposed framework for input device tracking in a near-field desktop virtual environment. We compare the performance of an in-house tracker with the ARToolkit tracker under a fixed set of conditions. We also show how the framework can be used to find the optimal camera parameters given a pre-recorded interaction task. Finally, we use the framework to determine the minimum required camera resolution for a desktop, Workbench and CAVE environment. The framework is shown to provide an efficient and simple method to study various conditions affecting optical tracker performance. Furthermore, it can be used as a valuable development tool to aid in the construction of optical trackers
Interactive systems 1985-1996 : [compilation of papers by members of the Department of interactive systems at the Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science in Amsterdam]
No full textWidget Manipulation Revisited: a Case Study in Modeling Interactions Between Experimental Conditions
No full textWidgets are often used to perform control tasks in three-dimensional (3D) virtual environments (VEs). Spatial interactions through widgets require precise 3D manipulations, and several design aspects of VEs contribute to the ease, accuracy, and speed with which users can perform these interactions. Throughout the years, VE researchers have studied relevant design aspects; for example, the location and size of the widgets, monoscopic versus stereoscopic viewing, the presence or absence of co-location, or the inclusion of (passive) tactile feedback, are all design aspects that have been studied. However, researchers have mostly studied design aspects in isolation and have paid little attention to possible interactions between conditions. In this paper, we introduce a method for modeling interaction effects between experimental conditions and illus- trate it using data from a specific case study, i.e., widget manipulation tasks. More specifically, we model how the effect of passive tactile feedback interacts with stereoscopic viewing for three widget manipulation tasks. We also model how these effects vary between two tasks, i.e., button and menu item selection. Models that include inter- action effects between experimental conditions can be used to get a deeper understanding in the system design trade-offs of a virtual environment
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