1,721,075 research outputs found
Risk of surgical evacuation and risk of major surgery following second-trimester medical abortion in Denmark:A nationwide cohort study
Get PDFObjective: The primary objectives were to (1) identify risk factors for surgical evacuation following medical termination of second-trimester pregnancies in Denmark and (2) assesses if these risk factors were able to explain the a priori observed variation in risk of surgical evacuation among Danish hospitals and the a priori observed decline in risk throughout time. The secondary objective was to estimate the risk of major surgery following second-trimester medical abortion. Study design: We conducted a nationwide cohort study including all pregnancies terminated with mifepristone/misoprostol in second trimester in women aged 15–49 years through the period 2006–2017 in Denmark. All included pregnancies were followed for eight weeks from induction. Data were retrieved from national health registers. Multiple logistic regression provided adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of surgical evacuation with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Risk of major surgery was assessed and reported descriptively. Results: Of 5702 abortions, 2934 (52%) underwent surgical evacuation. The proportion of surgical evacuations decreased linearly from 72% in 13th gestational week to 17% in week 22 (p < 0.001). Compared to 25–29-year-olds, a reduced risk of surgical evacuation was observed in the youngest age group, 15–19 years (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.61–0.99), while the risk among women aged 30–49 years did not differ significantly from the reference group. Compared to nulliparas, women with a history of only vaginal deliveries with spontaneous delivery of placenta had a decreased risk of surgical evacuation, OR 0.79 (95% CI 0.68–0.92). The OR of surgical evacuation varied from 0.05 (95% CI 0.02–0.15) to 2.38 (95% CI 1.71–3.31) among the hospitals (Copenhagen University Hospital as the reference) and declined significantly throughout the study period (OR for one-year increase in calendar time 0.82; 95% CI 0.81–0.84). Of the 5702 abortions, ten (0.2%) underwent major surgery following medical induction, including one laparoscopy, three hysterotomies, five laparotomies, and one hysterectomy. Conclusion: Risk of surgical evacuation of second-trimester medical abortions decreased with increasing gestational age and was reduced in women aged 15–19 years as well as in women with a history of only vaginal deliveries with spontaneous delivery of the placenta. However, these risk factors could not explain the significant variation in risk of surgical evacuation among hospitals and the decline in risk by time, suggestive of an unwarranted variation in risk of surgical evacuation following second-trimester medical termination of pregnancy in Denmark. Major surgery following medical induction was uncommon. Implication: Risk of surgical evacuation following medical termination of second-trimester pregnancy declined by calendar time and varied among Danish hospitals. Risk factors for surgical evacuation could not explain the difference by time and site of induction, suggestive of an unwarranted variation in the risk of surgical evacuation following second-trimester medical abortions in Denmark.</p
Oral contraception and risk of a cerebral thromboembolic attack: results of a case-control study
No full textTo assess the risk of cerebral thromboembolism in women using low dose oral contraceptives
[Gynaecological epidemiology]
No full textEpidemiological research has good possibilities in Denmark due to the fact that all people have a personal PIN code and due to our many National health registers. In gynaecology the National Register of Patients, the Birth Registry, IVF-registry, Cancer Registry and latest the National Prescription Database offer unique possibilities of linking exposure data with many clinical outcomes. Danish epidemiology has contributed with morbidity analyses on children concieved by in vitro fertilisation, pharmacoepidemiological studies on short and long term effects of oral contraceptives and hormone therapy and, now, with routine assessment of clinical quality
Hormonal contraception, thrombosis and age
No full textINTRODUCTION: This paper reviews the risk of thrombosis with use of different types of hormonal contraception in women of different ages.AREAS COVERED: Combined hormonal contraceptives with desogestrel, gestodene, drospirenone or cyproterone acetate (high-risk products) confer a sixfold increased risk of venous thromboembolism as compared with nonusers, and about twice the risk as compared with users of products with norethisterone, levonorgestrel or norgestimate (low-risk products). Transdermal patches and vaginal ring belong to high-risk products. The risk of thrombotic stroke and myocardial infarction is increased 50 - 100% with use of combined products, with little difference in risk between different progestins. Progestin-only products do not confer any increased risk of venous or arterial thrombosis, except for progestin depot, which may double the risk of venous thrombosis.EXPERT OPINION: First choice in women below 35 years should be a combined low-risk pill, that is, with a second-generation progestin, with the lowest compliable dose of estrogen. Young women with risk factors of thrombosis such as age above 35 years, genetic predispositions, adiposity, polycystic ovary syndrome, diabetes, smoking, hypertension or migraine with aura should not use high-risk products, but should primarily consider progestin-only products, and be careful to use low-risk combined products.</p
Lifestyle and climate change
No full textThe majority of physicians are aware of the urgency of preventing major global warming, and of the global health consequences such warming could bring. Therefore, we should perhaps be more motivated to mitigate these climate changes. The Danish Medical Association should stress the importance of preventing major global climate health disasters, and the need for ambitious international reduction agreements. In our advice and treatment of patients, focus could be on mutually shared strategies comprising mitigation of global warming and changing of life-style habits to improve our general health. Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Oct-26The majority of physicians are aware of the urgency of preventing major global warming, and of the global health consequences such warming could bring. Therefore, we should perhaps be more motivated to mitigate these climate changes. The Danish Medical Association should stress the importance of preventing major global climate health disasters, and the need for ambitious international reduction agreements. In our advice and treatment of patients, focus could be on mutually shared strategies comprising mitigation of global warming and changing of life-style habits to improve our general health
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