11 research outputs found
A simple multiband printed bowtie antenna
No full textThis letter presents a new approach for the design of a multiresonant printed bowtie antenna. Several techniques were attempted to obtain one antenna which is operational in the 2, 3, and 5 GHz bands corresponding to many wireless applications. The idea of creating different slot configurations on different parts of a single antenna is the basic principle. A prototype of the final antenna design was fabricated tested and a good agreement was found between simulated and tested results. © 2008 IEEE.Balanis C. A., 2005, ANTENNA THEORY ANAL; Birch M, 2002, P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS, V4758, P573, DOI 10.1117-12.462195; Eldek AA, 2005, IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG, V53, P3067, DOI 10.1109-TAP.2005.851870; James J.R., 1989, IEE ELECTROMAGNETIC, V28; Karacolak T, 2006, IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR, V5, P446, DOI 10.1109-LAWP.2006.885013; Kiminami K, 2004, IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR, V3, P152, DOI 10.1109-LAWP.2004.832126; Lin YD, 1998, IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG, V46, P459; Nedil M., 2003, P CAN C EL COMP ENG, V3, P1433; Nishioka Y, 1999, IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG, V47, P970, DOI 10.1109-8.777119; TAWK Y, 2007, THESIS AM U BEIRUT L; Uduwawala D, 2004, IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE, V42, P732, DOI 10.1109-TGRS.2003.819442; Yazdandoost K. Y., 2005, P IEEE WIRELESS COMM, P21282
Reading Karl Barth\u27s Trinitarian Theology of Freedom in the Sociopolitical Context of Chin Christianity
No full textThis thesis argues that the act of reading Barth’s Trinitarian theology of freedom in the Chin context helps the Chin to acquire a new understanding of the Trinity, which reminds them of how the triune God stands in solidarity with them in their hard situation and how the triune God gives them freedom, which empowers them to engage their sociopolitical environment in a positive way. The sense of this Trinitarian logic requests the Chin evangelical and ecumenical Christians to appropriate the implications of Barth’s Trinitarian theology for reshaping their Trinitarian misperceptions underlined by the tendency to perceive the Trinity in a detached and individualistic way. Their interaction with Barth’s view leads them to notice that the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit always work in the shared divine mission of recreating, redeeming, and transforming humanity in its existential world. The picture of how the triune God embraces humanity and gives the gift of freedom to the latter basically reflects the indivisible, harmonious, and interdependent work of the triune God. This Trinitarian imagination will stand as a constructive inspiration for Chin theologians and pastors to improve their “pastoral” engagement with the suffering Chin, and also to reclaim the “political” role of Chin Christianity in response to the realities of their sociopolitical context. The function of this Trinitarian principle primarily deals with how the belief of God’s solidarity with humanity inspires the life of the dehumanized Chin and how their encounter with God in this setting transforms and shapes them to live freely for God and for the good of others
A low-cost microstrip antenna for 3G-WLAN-WiMAX and UWB applications
No full textThis paper presents a low-cost ultra-wideband microstrip antenna for wireless communications. Printed on a 40×50×1.83 mm3 Isola Gigaver 210 substrate, the antenna features a microstrip feed line with two 45° bends and a tapered section for size reduction and matching, respectively. The ground plane is partial and comprises a rectangular part and a trapezoidal part. The patch is a half ellipse, where the cut is made along the minor axis. Several slots are incorporated into the patch. The placement and sizes of the slots are assisted by the knowledge of fractal geometries . The return loss, input impedance, gain, efficiency and radiation characteristics of the antenna are presented. It is shown that the antenna can operate in the bands used for UMTS, WLAN, WiMAX, and UWB applications. © 2009 IEEE.*AG TECHN, ADS MOM 2006; Al-Husseini M., 2008, 2008 INT WIR COMM MO; ALHUSSEINI M, 2009, 26 NAT RAD SCI C NRS; Balanis C. A., 2005, ANTENNA THEORY ANAL; El-Khamy S. E., 2004, 21 NAT RAD SCI C NRS, P1; Kumar G., 2003, BROADBAND MICROSTRIP; Low ZN, 2005, IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR, V4, P237, DOI 10.1109-LAWP.2005.852577; Werner DH, 2003, IEEE ANTENN PROPAG M, V45, P38, DOI 10.1109-MAP.2003.1189650; Zhang JP, 2008, IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG, V56, P241, DOI 10.1109-TAP.2007.91316510
Frequency-tunable and pattern diversity antennas for cognitive radio applications
No full textFrequency-tunable microstrip antennas, for cognitive radio applications, are proposed herein. The approach is based on tuning the operating frequency of a bandpass filter that is incorporated into a wideband antenna. The integration of an open loop resonator- (OLR-) based adjustable bandpass filter into a wideband antenna to transform it into a tunable filter-antenna is presented. The same technique is employed to design a cognitive radio pattern diversity tunable filter-antenna. A good agreement between the simulated and measured results for the fabricated prototypes is obtained. The radiation characteristics of each designed tunable filter-antenna are included herein. © 2014 A. H. Ramadan et al.Acampora A., 2010, P IEEE INT MICR WORK, P1; Al-Husseini M, 2011, IEEE ANTENNAS PROP, P2212; [Anonymous], SMV1405 SMV1419 HYP; Carey-Smith B. E., 2005, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, V2005, DOI 10.1155-WCN.2005.354; Hong JS, 1997, IEEE T MICROW THEORY, V45, P2358; Lourandakis E, 2012, IEEE MICROW MAG, V13, P111, DOI 10.1109-MMM.2011.2173987; Marques R, 2008, WILEY MICRO, P1; Perruisseau-Carrier J., 2010, P R SOC B, P1; Razavi B, 2009, IEEE CUST INTEGR CIR, P391; Yucek T, 2009, IEEE COMMUN SURV TUT, V11, P116, DOI 10.1109-SURV.2009.0901091
Statistical Models of the Protein Fitness Landscape: Applications to Protein Evolution and Engineering
No full textUnderstanding the protein fitness landscape is important for describing how natural proteins evolve and for engineering new proteins with useful properties. This mapping from protein sequence to protein function involves an extraordinarily complex balance of numerous physical interactions, many of which are still not well understood. Directed evolution circumvents our ignorance of how a protein’s sequence encodes its function by using iterative rounds of random mutation and artificial selection. The selection criteria is based on experimental measurements, which permits the optimization of protein sequence properties that are not understood. While directed evolution has been useful for exploring protein fitness landscapes, these searches have been relatively local in comparison to the vast space of possible protein sequences. Here, we present several classes of statistical models that map protein sequence space on a larger scale. We use these simple models to interpret data from SCHEMA recombination libraries, understand the evolutionary benefit of intragenic recombination, and design optimized protein sequences. By training on directly on experimental data, these models implicitly capture the numerous and possibly unknown factors that shape the protein fitness landscape. This provides an unrivaled quantitative accuracy across a massive number of protein sequences.</p
Design and ground plane optimization of a CPW-fed ultra-wideband antenna
No full textIn this paper, an ultra-wideband antenna based on an egg-shaped conductor and a co-planar waveguide (CPW) feed is presented. The ground plane incorporates an egg-shaped slot with parametrized center and dimensions. By resizing the slot and moving its center, a slotted or a partial ground can be obtained. Based on this configuration, a parametric study that aims at achieving the best ultra-wideband (UWB) response of the antenna is done. The study shows that an excellent UWB response is achieved for a certain ground slot size, beyond which the response starts to degrade. However, as the slot size tends to infinity, thus leading to a partial rectangular ground plane, the UWB property again emerges. A second parametric study is done to find the length of the partial rectangular ground plane that gives the best UWB profile. As a result, two optimal designs are generated. Prototypes of the two are fabricated and their return loss is measured. Other characteristics are computed using a Finite-Element-based EM solver. The radiation patterns, peak gain, and radiation efficiency of both optimal configurations are presented and compared. The results show that the design with the slotted ground yields better omni-directional patterns and higher gains in the principal planes. The second design has slightly larger radiation efficiency and larger peak gains at high frequencies. © tüb ítak.ALHUSSEINI M, 2009, 2009 INT C EL EL ENG, P151; Angelopoulos ES, 2006, IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR, V5, P294, DOI 10.1109-LAWP.2006.878882; [Anonymous], ANS HFSS; Balanis C. A., 2005, ANTENNA THEORY ANAL; Bhobe AU, 2004, IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG, V52, P2545, DOI 10.1109-TAP.2004.834425; Chang DC, 2008, IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG, V56, P3630, DOI 10.1109-TAP.2008.2007279; Chen ME, 2008, ELECTRON LETT, V44, P613, DOI 10.1049-el:20080505; *FCC, 2002, FCC 1 REP ORD ULT TE; JAN JY, 2006, 2006 IEEE AP S INT S, P1697; Li PC, 2006, IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG, V54, P1670, DOI 10.1109-TAP.2006.875499; Liang J, 2005, IEE P-MICROW ANTEN P, V152, P520, DOI 10.1049-ip-map:20045179; ZHAO L, 2006, 2006 IEEE AP S INT S, P258333
The language situation in Jamaica : a cartographic exploration of language narratives amongst creole-speaking teachers of spanish
No full textOrientador : Prof. Dr. Clarissa Menezes JordãoAutor não autorizou a divulgação do arquivo digitalTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras. Defesa: Curitiba, 22/06/2017Inclui referências : f.187-195Área de concentração :Resumo: Jamaica, uma das Antilhas Maiores do Caribe, compartilha com outras ilhas da região uma história de colonização, imigração e encontro de culturas que tem resultado na criação de uma cultura diversa e uma língua crioula. Como fenômeno integrador de cultura e história na sociedade, o crioulo jamaicano gera interesses múltiplos, segundo mostram a diversidade de estudos sobre essa língua e as diferentes questões de pesquisa em campos acadêmicos diversos, incluindo a linguística, a educação, a sociologia, a filosofia, entre outros. Seguindo um método cartográfico apoiado com o fundamento teórico da uma análise rizomática (Deleuze e GUATTARI, 1978), a tese apresenta um estudo panorâmico sobre o crioulo jamaicano, visando encontrar pontos de encontro entre a visão rizomática proposta para entender o desenvolvimento da língua jamaicana e os dados gerados a partir de entrevistas com os professores participantes. A tese discute aspectos diversos relacionados com a língua crioula jamaicana e apresenta uma interpretação de narrativas baseada nas percepções e concepções de língua prevalentes entre professores de espanhol como língua estrangeira na ilha. Estes professores compartilham com a autora interesses profissionais, especificamente por serem professores de línguas, o que aporta uma perspectiva diferente, dado que, ao considerar os assuntos das línguas, tanto os participantes quanto a autora estão incluindo pontos de vista que incluem a língua como um produto sociohistórico de amplo uso social e a língua como objeto de ensino. As narrativas interpretadas, portanto, incluem as experiências e ângulos pessoais de professores falantes nativos do crioulo jamaicano que têm informação de primeira mão sobre a realidade social dessa língua e sobre o seu impacto sobre a língua estrangeira que eles ensinam (espanhol). Consequentemente, a pesquisa sobre as narrativas compartilhadas e pessoais dos professores participantes mostra visões nascidas das experiências profissionais como professores de língua, e das suas próprias vidas dentro do contexto jamaicano. Conduzido entre professores jamaicanos que trabalham no contexto de educação secundária na Jamaica, o estudo conduz à interpretação de que esses participantes compartilham narrativas que têm a ver com a sua vida profissional e social, segundo há sido inferido de observações nas escolas, dos seus critérios e ideias nas entrevistas e conversas. Igualmente, a tese apresenta uma interpretação dos pontos de encontro entre as narrativas dos participantes com aquelas encontradas em publicações da mídia, as redes sociais, e conversas com pessoas proeminentes da sociedade jamaicana. O fato de não ser falante do crioulo jamaicano colocou à pesquisadora no papel de "outsider". No entanto, esse papel contribuiu para enriquecer o processo devido à experiência profissional e pessoal da autora como professora de espanhol e moradora da Jamaica há mais de 20 anos. Essa informação e vivências tem contribuído no desenvolvimento da própria narrativa da autora e conformaram uma outra perspectiva possível para interpretar o rico contexto jamaicano e as suas contradições lógicas. Palavras-chave: Crioulo. Rizoma. Crioulização. Descrioulização. Transcrioulização. Ensino. Espanhol. Jamaica. Narrativa. Percepções. Concepções de Língua. CartografiaAbstract: Jamaica, one of the largest islands in the Caribbean, shares a history of colonization, immigration and culture convergence with other islands in the region, which has resulted in the creation of a diverse culture and a Creole language. As a phenomenon of sociocultural and sociohistorical integration, Jamaican Creole generates multiple interests; as shown by the diversity of language studies and the various research interests in several academic fields, including Linguistics, Education, Sociology, Philosophy, among others. Based on a cartographic approach, as proposed in DELEUZE & GUATTARI (1978) the thesis discusses various aspects pertaining to the language situation in Jamaica, especially the matter of Jamaican Creole, and presents an interpretation of narratives based on the language perceptions and conceptions prevailing amongst teachers of Spanish as a foreign language in the island. The thesis presents a discussion on various aspects pertaining to Jamaican Creole and an interpretation of participant's narratives about such situation, based on a study of the most prevalent language conceptions and perceptions found in this particular group composed of Jamaican Creole speakers involved in the teaching of Spanish in the island. The participating teachers and the author share common professional interests due to the fact that, being language teachers, they bring forth a different perspective to the discussion and analysis of language matters, particularly in connection with the socio-historical nature of languages and their use in education. The narratives interpreted, therefore, include the experiences and personal angles of teachers, who are native speakers of Jamaican Creole and who also have first-hand information about the social reality of that language, as well as its impact on the foreign language they teach (Spanish). Consequently, the research delved on the shared and personal narratives of language professionals, as views emerging from their personal and professional experiences within the context of Jamaica. After presenting a panoramic study of the language situation in Jamaica, based on a rhizomatic view of language development, the thesis discusses the data generated from interviews and unstructured conversations with Secondary Education Spanish teachers, most of whom are operating within a sociolinguistic context characterized by the presence of two languages: English (the official language of education) and Creole (the popular language). The study leads to the interpretation that these participants share narratives that involve their professional and social lives, as inferred from observations at their work spaces, their criteria and the ideas presented during interviews and conversations. Furthermore, the thesis presents an interpretation of connecting points between participant's narratives and those found in media publications, social network debates, and conversations with prominent Jamaicans. The fact of not being a Jamaican Creole speaker puts the researcher in a role of an "outsider". However, such role contributed to enrich the process due to the professional and personal experience of the author as a Spanish teacher and resident of Jamaica for more than 20 years. The sharing of information and experiences have contributed in the development of her own narrative and has brought forth yet another perspective to interpret the rich and multiple Jamaican context and its logical contradictions. Keywords: Creole. Rhizome. Creolization. Decreolization. Transcreolization. Teaching. Spanish. Jamaica. Narrative. Perceptions. Conceptions of language. CartographyResumen: Jamaica, una Antillas Mayores, comparte con otras islas del Caribe una historia de colonización, inmigración y encuentro de culturas que ha dado lugar a la creación de una cultura diversa y una lengua criolla. Como fenómeno integrador de cultura e historia en la sociedad, el criollo jamaicano genera múltiples intereses, según muestra la diversidad de estudios sobre el lenguaje y los distintos problemas de investigación en varios campos académicos, incluyendo la educación, la sociología, la lingüística, la filosofía, entre otros. Siguiendo un método cartográfico, basado en el fundamento teórico que ofrece el análisis rizomático (DELEUZE y GUATTARI, 1978), la tesis presenta un estudio panorámico sobre el criollo jamaicano, que tiene por objetivo encontrar y analizar puntos comunes entre la visión rizomática que se propone, para analizar el desarrollo del lenguaje jamaiquino, y los datos generados a partir de entrevistas con los profesores participantes. La tesis analiza diversos aspectos relacionados con la lengua criolla de Jamaica y presenta una interpretación de narrativas, en base a algunas percepciones y concepciones de lenguaje que existen entre los profesores de español participantes. Estos docentes comparten intereses profesionales con la autora, específicamente por el hecho de ser profesores de lenguas extranjeras. Tal hecho genera una perspectiva diferente, dado que, tanto los participantes como la autora aportan puntos de vistas que consideran aspectos del lenguaje como un producto sociohistórico de amplio uso social, incluyendo la educación. Las narrativas interpretadas, por tanto, incluyen experiencias y ángulos personales de profesores que son hablantes de criollo jamaicano, por lo que tienen información de primera mano sobre la realidad social de ese idioma y su impacto en la lengua extranjera que imparten (español). En consecuencia, la investigación sobre narrativas compartidas y personales de los profesores participantes muestra visiones relacionadas con las experiencias profesionales y de vivencia de los participantes dentro del contexto jamaicano. Sus experiencias y puntos de vista han conducido a una interpretación de narrativas, apoyada no solamente en los criterios e ideas presentados en las entrevistas, sino también en observaciones cartográficas del entorne característicos de sus escuelas. Al mismo tiempo, la tesis presenta una interpretación de los puntos de encuentro entre las narrativas de los participantes y las emergentes de publicaciones de los medios, redes sociales y conversaciones con personalidades de la sociedad jamaicana. El hecho de no ser hablante de criollo jamaicano puso a la autora en un rol de "outsider". Sin embargo, esa función contribuyó a enriquecer el proceso debido a su experiencia personal y profesional como profesora de español y residente de Jamaica durante más de 20 años. Esta información y experiencia ha contribuido en el desarrollo de su propia narrativa, a la vez que aporta otra perspectiva posible para interpretar el rico y múltiple contexto jamaicano y sus contradicciones lógicas. Palabras clave: Criollo. Rizoma. Criollización. Descriollización. Transcriollización. Enseñanza. Español. Jamaica. Narrativa. Percepciones. Concepciones de lenguaje. Cartografía.Di Driff: Jamaica a wanna di biggess ailan inna di Caribbean an dem an di adda ailan dem inna di region ave di same istry a colonization an immigration, an dem copy tings from deh wanna nedda. A succum dem kultcha become suh mix up mix up, an a it mek dem ave patwa as a langwidge. Patwa great inna most people eye wen yuh considda di social an cultural fakta plus di social an istorical side a tings as well. Everybody interestid inna Patwa an yuh cyan si dat because a nuff study dem duh pan it, people weh interestid inna langwidge, Education, peeple weh study society, knowlidge an life an nuff more tings, study patwa. DELEUZE & GUATTARI (1978) suggess wan way fi duh research weh name cartography, i basically mean seh yaahgo map tings out, a it deh study yah use fi pree di langwidge situation inna Jamaica, exprecially Patwa, an di study explain certain tings base pa'how di Jamaican teecha dem weh teech Spanish feel bout Patwa. Deh study yah discuss wol heep a tings bout Patwa an it show yuh a meds bout how di participants dem feel bout it, an di study show yuh dem ting yah base pan di most common feelins weh dis particular group have wen i come to Patwa. An yuh dun know seh is a group a Jamaican Patwa-tawking teecha weh teech Spanish rait a yaad yah. Di teecha dem an di summady weh duh deh study yah have nuff tings in common wen yaah talk bout dem job because di wol a dem a teecha an dat a lone mean she dem kinda bring a different meds to di wol langwidge ting, exprecially if yaah tawk bout di social and history side a langwidge and how yuh use dem wen yaah deal wid tings fi duh wid education. From yuh hear dat yuh dun know seh anyting wi tell yuh, wi tell yuh base offa weh di teecha dem seh base pan dem own experience and feelins bout di matta. Plus, yuh know seh dem a Jamaican teecha weh tawk patwa from dem baan suh dem know firs han how peeple really treat pawta, plus dem know how it affeck tings wen dem a teech wan foreign langwidge like Spanish. Aarait, suh, di study use weh di teecha dem seh (buot weh di wol a dem agree pan an weh each a dem seh fi demself) fi get to di meet a di matta. After wi lay out everyting clear clear bout di langwidge situation inna Jamaica, base offa wan view weh dem use fi study how langwidge cum about weh dem call rhizomatic, weh mean seh langwidge can develop from different roots an levels, deh study yah discuss di response dem weh wi get from di interview dem an di conversation dem weh wi ave wid di teecha dem weh teech Spanish inna di high school dem. Most a dem deh teecha deh come from wan settings weh a two langwidge di people dem tawk, wan a Inglish, di wan weh dem use inna di skool dem, and di adda wan a Patwa, di wan weh almost all a people dem tawk. Di study lead up to wan andastandin seh di wol a di participant dem have similar experience, buot inna dem workplace an inna dem home an community surroundin, an wi realize dis base offa weh dem seh inna di interview dem an wen wi tawk to dem. Not ongle dat, but di study lead to wan andastandin of how weh di participants dem seh conneck wid weh dem always seh pan tv, an pan social media an weh sum a di big shot people dem always seh. Di fack seh di person weh a duh deh study ere nuh tawk Patwa mean seh yuh can basically call di person wan "outsaida". But di fack seh di person a wan outsaida add supm to di wol experience because of di professional an personal experience weh di person ave, because shi teech Spanish inna Jamaica an live deh fi ova 20 years. Because shi share infamation an experience wid di participants dem shi andastan di wol Pawta ting even betta now an can explain di nitty gritty a it much betta. Key word dem: Patwa. Rhizome. Creolization. Decreolization. Transcreolization. Teaching. Spanish. Jamaica. Di way people si tings. Feelins bout tings. How peeple si di langwidge. Mappin Ou
Female Sri Lankan domestic workers in Lebanon: A case of 'contract slavery'?
No full textSince the early 1990s, there has been a large influx of Sri Lankan women into Lebanon, serving primarily as domestic labour in private households. The Sri Lankan government, as with other countries, has actively encouraged the 'export' of domestic labour as it has become the largest single source of foreign revenue for the country. As part of the feminisation of international migration and trafficking in human labour, both the employment relations and social status of these women leave them extremely vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. It is argued in this paper that most Sri Lankan domestic workers fall under the category of 'contract slavery'. given the legal and employment conditions which they face. The analysis of 70 interviews with Sri Lankan women in Lebanon reveals their living conditions, how they are treated by their employers, and how the legal and administrative arrangements of these workers have facilitated the poor conditions and entrapment which many encounter. © 2004 Taylor and Francis Ltd.*ADM CENTR STAT, 1998, ET STAT POP ACT 1997; Anderson Bridget, 2000, DOING DIRTY WORK GLO; Bales K., 1999, DISPOSABLE PEOPLE NE; Birks J. S., 1980, INT MIGRATION DEV AR; BROCHMANN G, 1993, MIDDLE E AVENUE FEMA; Campani G, 1995, CAMBRIDGE SURVEY WOR, P546; Castles S., 1998, AGE MIGRATION; Castles S., 2000, CITIZENSHIP MIGRATIO; CASTLES S, 1995, CAMBRIDGE SURVEY WOR, P510; Chang Grace, 2000, DISPOSABLE DOMESTICS; Chin CBN, 1997, INT MIGR REV, V31, P353, DOI 10.2307-2547224; Cohen R., 1995, CAMBRIDGE SURVEY WOR, P507; Cohen R., 1987, NEW HELOTS MIGRANTS; Eelens F., 1992, LABOUR MIGRATION MID; Gamburd MR, 2000, KITCHEN SPOONS HANDL; GHOUSSOUB M, 1998, LEAVING BERIUT WOMEN; JOHNSON M, 1977, PATRONS CLIENTS MEDI, P207; *LAKS WOM CTR DOR, 2000, UNPUB ANN REP FACTS; MCDERMOTT M, 1999, UNPUB AFROASIAN MIGR; MCMURRAY David, 1999, MIDDLE E REPORT, V211, P16; Northrup D., 1995, INDENTURED LABOUR AG; NSR S, 1999, INVESTORS GUIDE LEBA; Palmer Phyllis, 1989, DOMESTICITY DIRT HOU; Richard A. O., 1999, INT TRAFFICKING WOME; Sanjek Rger, 1990, WORK HOMES HOUSEHOLD; SATER MA, 1998, CONDITIONS DETENTION; Sharpe Pamela, 2001, WOMEN GENDER LABOUR; TAWK R, 1998, UNPUB M GOV BUR FOR; Tilly Louise A, 1987, WOMEN WORK FAMILY; WIJERS M, 1997, TRAFICKING WOMEN FOR; Young Michael, 1999, MIGRANT WORKERS LEBA; ZONTINI E, 2002, STUDI EMIGRAZIONE, V145, P137; 1998, ORIENT JOUR 073027212
A geography of rooftop agriculture in 20 projects
No full textIn this chapter, selected cases of rooftop agriculture across the world will be presented, explaining their organisation, technical design and operation, their business model and main functions , lessons learned during establishment and operation, their productive and societal results and their policy relevance . The owner or manager of the rooftop garden or farm and an independent researcher were involved in documenting the cases, When selecting the cases, we tried to include examples of the various types of rooftop agriculture presented in previous chapters. We also sought to include cases from all continents. Accordingly, a comprehensive list of most relevant rooftop agriculture experience across the world is presented, following an alphabetical order by city. For each case, the names of main informants (case study representatives) are listed altogether with the name of the author that coordinated data collection
Cognitive radio transceivers: RF, spectrum sensing, and learning algorithms review
No full textA cognitive transceiver is required to opportunistically use vacant spectrum resources licensed to primary users. Thus, it relies on a complete adaptive behavior composed of: reconfigurable radio frequency (RF) parts, enhanced spectrum sensing algorithms, and sophisticated machine learning techniques. In this paper, we present a review of the recent advances in CR transceivers hardware design and algorithms. For the RF part, three types of antennas are presented: UWB antennas, frequency-reconfigurable-tunable antennas, and UWB antennas with reconfigurable band notches. The main challenges faced by the design of the other RF blocks are also discussed. Sophisticated spectrum sensing algorithms that overcome main sensing challenges such as model uncertainty, hardware impairments, and wideband sensing are highlighted. The cognitive engine features are discussed. 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