1,398 research outputs found
Graphical CSS Code Transformation Using ZX Calculus
Get PDFIn this work, we present a generic approach to transform CSS codes by building upon their equivalence to phase-free ZX diagrams. Using the ZX calculus, we demonstrate diagrammatic transformations between encoding maps associated with different codes. As a motivating example, we give explicit transformations between the Steane code and the quantum Reed-Muller code, since by switching between these two codes, one can obtain a fault-tolerant universal gate set. To this end, we propose a bidirectional rewrite rule to find a (not necessarily transversal) physical implementation for any logical ZX diagram in
any CSS code. We then focus on two code transformation techniques: code morphing, a procedure that transforms a code while retaining its fault-tolerant gates, and gauge fixing, where complimentary codes can be obtained from a common subsystem code (e.g., the Steane and the quantum Reed-Muller codes from the [[15, 1, 3, 3]] code). We provide explicit graphical derivations for these techniques and show how ZX and graphical encoder maps relate several equivalent perspectives on these code-transforming operations
Graphical CSS Code Transformation Using ZX Calculus
Get PDFIn this work, we present a generic approach to transform CSS codes by
building upon their equivalence to phase-free ZX diagrams. Using the ZX
calculus, we demonstrate diagrammatic transformations between encoding maps
associated with different codes. As a motivating example, we give explicit
transformations between the Steane code and the quantum Reed-Muller code, since
by switching between these two codes, one can obtain a fault-tolerant universal
gate set. To this end, we propose a bidirectional rewrite rule to find a (not
necessarily transversal) physical implementation for any logical ZX diagram in
any CSS code.
Then we focus on two code transformation techniques: code morphing, a
procedure that transforms a code while retaining its fault-tolerant gates, and
gauge fixing, where complimentary codes can be obtained from a common subsystem
code (e.g., the Steane and the quantum Reed-Muller codes from the [[15,1,3,3]]
code). We provide explicit graphical derivations for these techniques and show
how ZX and graphical encoder maps relate several equivalent perspectives on
these code-transforming operations.Comment: In Proceedings QPL 2023, arXiv:2308.1548
Land subsidence due to groundwater pumping: hazard probability assessment through the combination of Bayesian model and fuzzy set theory
Get PDFLand subsidence caused by groundwater overpumping threatens the sustainable development in Beijing. Hazard assessments of land subsidence can provide early warning information to improve prevention measures. However, uncertainty and fuzziness are the major issues during hazard assessments of land subsidence. We propose a method that integrates fuzzy set theory and weighted Bayesian model (FWBM) to evaluate the hazard probability of land subsidence measured by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology. The model is structured as a directed acyclic graph. The hazard probability distribution of each factor triggering land subsidence is determined using Bayes' theorem. Fuzzification of the factor significance reduces the ambiguity of the relationship between the factors and subsidence. The probability of land subsidence hazard under multiple factors is then calculated with the FWBM. The subsidence time series obtained by InSAR is used to infer the updated posterior probability. The upper and middle parts of the Chaobai River alluvial fan are taken as a case-study site, which locates the first large-scale emergency groundwater resource region in the Beijing plain. The results show that rates of groundwater level decrease more than 1 m yr(-1) in the confined and unconfined aquifers, with cumulative thicknesses of the compressible sediments between 160 and 170 m and Quaternary thicknesses between 400 and 500 m, yielding maximum hazard probabilities of 0.65, 0.68, 0.32, and 0.35, respectively. The overall hazard probability of land subsidence in the study area decreased from 51.3 % to 28.3 % between 2003 and 2017 due to lower rates of ground-water level decrease. This study provides useful insights for decision makers to select different approaches for land subsidence prevention
Plasma grown fluoride-rich artificial SEI for stabilizing Li metal anodes
No full textThe growth and detachment of lithium (Li) dendrites are regarded as the primary issues hindering the practical application of Li metal anodes, and constructing a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is considered to be the most straightforward solution. Herein, carbon tetrafluoride (CF4) plasma growth instead of adding of additives into electrolyte is proposed to construct an artificial SEI. Highly reactive C- and F-containing species from the ionized CF4 react with the surface Li metal to form a stable fluoride-rich (i.e. LiF and CF) artificial SEI. Profit from the high chemical stability, low diffusion barrier and high mechanical strength of plasma-generated SEI, the distribution of lithium ions (Li+) on the surface of the prepared Li metal (F-Li) anodes is homogenized and the Li dendrites are inhibited. The symmetrical cells composed of F-Li can cycle stably for 1700 (1 mA cm−2, 1 mAh cm−2) and 1400 h (2 mA cm−2, 2 mAh cm−2) with minimum overpotentials of about 13 mV and 80 mV, respectively. The enhanced cyclability in the full cell system paired with NCM811 cathode further demonstrates its practical application. The mechanisms underlying the artificial SEI growth and its component evolution during electrochemical cycling were also discussed.No Full Tex
Formation of the Jinchuan ultramafic intrusion and the world’s third largest Ni-Cu sulfide deposit: Associated with the similar to 825 Ma south China mantle plume?
No full textMolecular Mechanisms of (R,R)ZX-5 on NO Synthesis and Its Anti-Angiogenic Effect
No full text(R,R)ZX-5 is a NO regulatory compound, which could significantly increase choroidal blood flow in New Zealand rabbit. The aim of this paper is to investigate the molecular mechanism of (R,R)ZX-5 promoting NO production. Besides this, we also investigated the antiangiogenic activity of (R,R)ZX-5. Analysis of Western blot showed that (R,R)ZX-5 up-regulated the expression of Akt, p-Akt (Thr473), eNOS and p-eNOS (Ser1177), down-regulated the expression of Cyclin D1 in human retinal endothelial cells and escalated the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration. Additionally, (R,R)ZX-5 inhibited the growth of blood vessels in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model. It is concluded that (R,R)ZX-5 promotes choroidal blood flow through PI3K/Akt-eNOS and Akt-Ca2+-eNOS pathways. Additionally, (R,R)ZX-5 can inhibit angiogenesis
A permian layered intrusive complex in the western tarim block, northwestern China: Product of a Ca. 275-ma mantle plume?
No full textObduction-type granites within the NE Jiangxi Ophiolite: Implications for the final amalgamation between the Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks
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