1,723,661 research outputs found
[Wu jing pang xun]. , Shu jing pang xun : 2 juan / [Li Shu zhuan]書經旁訓 : 2卷 / [李恕撰]
No full textComprend : Shi jing pang xun(4 juan) : 4 juan / [Li Shu zhuan] (Publié à [ Jin chang] : [ Jin chang lu zou yue], Ming Mo [1628-1644]) - 詩經旁訓(四卷) : 4卷 / [李恕撰] ([金閶] : [金閶魯鄒岳], 明末[1628-1644])Avec mode text
[Wu jing pang xun]. , Li jing pang xun : 4 juan / [Li Shu zhuan]禮記旁訓 : 4卷 / [李恕撰]
No full textComprend : Chun qiu pang xun : 4 juan / [Li Shu zhuan] (Publié à [ Jin chang] : [Ke shu zhe bu xiang], Ming Mo [1628-1644] (1628-1644).) - 春秋旁訓(四卷) : 4卷 / [李恕撰] ([金閶] : [刻書者不詳], 明末[1628-1644])Avec mode text
The Study of Li-shu 里書, a Financial Aspect of Ch'ing 清 China
Full text linkLocal administration in China during the Ch’ing 清 period was carried out under the Pao-chia 保甲 system, but direct contact with the public was mostly made through the Li-chia 里甲 system which had been instituted in rural area since the time of the Ming 明 Dynasty. Under the latter system each ten families (i. e. hu 戸) were organized to a chia 甲 and each hundred families to a li 里, thus forming the most fundamental self-governing unit within the community. One or two representative person in a li were called li-shu 里書 who took charge of various aspects of administrative business such as keeping public peace and welfare as well as executing labor and tax duties. Although the name given to the li-shu differed in different provinces, the office existed throughout the country, the most important job of which was collecting of taxes. Usually the li-shu came from the gentry class but sometimes people in the lower class also obtained the position by using bribery. As the local government entrusted business entirely to the li-shu, they used to appropriate a great deal of money for themselves. They even made allies with local administrators and their lower officials as well as with powerful people within their own community. As the embezzlement caused financial difficulty to the central government, the Emperor Yung Chêng 雍正帝 (1722-35) tried to dismiss the li-shu, but they stayed in their offices on other pretexts. It is often commented that the financial breakdown of the Ch’ing Government was due to the corruption of both higher and lower officials, but it must be mentioned that the li-shu also took an important part in this concern. The Ch’ing Government who failed to control the lower bureaucrats (i. e. hsu-li 胥吏) also failed to eliminate the evil of li-shu.journal articl
An Approach to Implement the Unique Equilibrium in Transfer Pricing - AModified Ronen and McKinneys Mechanism
No full textThe crab spiders of the Genus Tmarus from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China (Araneae: Thomisidae)
No full textTang, Guo, Li, Shu-Qiang (2009): The crab spiders of the Genus Tmarus from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China (Araneae: Thomisidae). Zootaxa 2223: 48-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19015
An Approach to Implement the Unique Equilibrium in Transfer Pricing - AModified Ronen and McKinneys Mechanism
No full textDescription of Eupoa liaoi sp. nov. from China (Araneae: Salticidae)
No full textPeng, Xian-Jin, Li, Shu-Qiang (2006): Description of Eupoa liaoi sp. nov. from China (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa 1285: 65-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17347
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