61,364 research outputs found
PM1/PM2.5/PM10 CHARACTERISTICS IN THE URBAN ATMOSPHERE OF TAIPEI
No full textCharacteristics of PM1/PM2.5/PM10 were evaluated in the ambient general (Chung-Shan) and traffic (Da-Tung) monitoring stations in the Taipei area. It was observed that average concentrations of PM1, PM2.5,and PM10 were 14.0,24. 4,and 48.1 mug/m(3) in the Chung-Shan station, respectively . In the Da-Tung station, the mean levels of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 were 37.6, 42.8, and 61.5 mug/m(3), respectively. In addition, it was found that PM1/PM2.5 mass ratios could be as high as 0.90 in the traffic station. Regarding carbon profiles, it was observed that mass fractions of total carbon in PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 were 0.58, 0.49, and 0.35 in the Chung-Shan station and 0.74, 0.66, and 0.53 in the Da- Tung station, respectively. It was clearly indicated that fine particles related to combustion sources play an important role in urban atmosphere. Further investigation is needed to evaluate chemical compositions and health effects of PM1
The political role of the people's liberation army 1949-1973
Full text linkThis thesis is to study the political role of the People's Liberation Army from the approach of structure and function. The framework of the thesis consists of three major parts, first, the influence of Chinese traditional political culture on, and the formation of, the political role of the PL A; second, the influence of domestic political struggles and external military conflicts on the development of the political role of the PLA; and the third, the analysis of the transition of the PLA's political role from the structure and personnel arrangements of the CCPCC Within the above-mentioned three scopes, this thesis make a thorough discussion on the following: (1) The relationship between the structure of the PRC and the formation of the PLA's political role; (2) How has ideology influenced the army's political role; (3) What is Mao's viewpoint and his influence on the development of the army's political role; (4) What is the link between the army and the party, and how has this developed; (6) What accounts for the expansion of the PLA's political functions; (7) What is the influence of political factional struggles on the PLA's political role; (8) Is it political institution or military institution that controls the recruitment of the military elite; (9) What are the disparities between the military elite in handling international conflicts and what are their political considerations; (10) What is the Party's position in the army; (11) How have the Party’s important meetings and personnel arrangements influenced the rise and fall of the PLA's political role
Xinjiang (China), folk dancing of Uyghurs
No full textFolk-dance of UighursImage is part of research conducted by Chang Chih-Yi for the article: Land Utilization and Settlement Possibilities in Sinkiang
Author(s): Chang Chih-Yi
Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 39, No. 1 (Jan., 1949), pp. 57-75
Published by: American Geographical Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/211157http://www.jstor.org/stable/211157Grayscal
Amynthas wuhumontis Shen, Chang, Li, Chih & Chen, 2013, sp. nov.
No full textAmynthas wuhumontis sp. nov. (Fig. 2) Holotype: Clitellate (mature) specimen (121 mm in total length, dissected) collected 22 May 2008 at Mingwang Temple (elevation 33 m), Shanhsi Village, Jinsha, Kinmen by C. L. Li and Y. H. Lin (cat. no. 14 -07391). Paratype: One clitellate collected 22 May 2008 at the entrance of a hiking trail (elevation 52 m), Mt. Wuhu, Kinmen by C. L. Li and Y. H. Lin (cat. no. 14 -07387). Other material. 16 specimens altogether. One clitellate (dissected) collected 1 May 2008 in front of Haiyin Temple (elevation 207 m), Mt. Taiwu, Kinmen by C. L. Li and Y. H. Lin (cat. no. 14 -07388); one clitellate collected 22 May 2008 behind Beiyueh Temple (elevation 60 m), Shanhsi, Kinmen by C. L. Li and Y. H. Lin (cat. no. 14 -07389); one clitellate collected 19 June 2008 on a hiking trail at Doumen (elevation 78 m), Kinmen by C. L. Li and C. H. Chang (cat. no. 14 -07390); six clitellates collected 8 September 2008 on a hiking trail (elevation 42 m), Mt. Wuhu, Kinmen by C. L. Li and S. H. Yang (cat. no. 14 -08132); one clitellate and one aclitellate collected 19 June 2008 on a hiking trail at Doumen (elevation 78 m), Kinmen by C. L. Li and C. H. Chang (cat. no. 14 - 08133); one aclitellate and one semi-clitellate collected 19 June 2008 near Mt. Taiwu Cemetery (elevation 229 m), Mt. Taiwu, Kinmen by C. L. Li and C. H. Chang (cat. no. 14 -08134); two clitellates collected 19 June 2008 on a hiking trail at Doumen (elevation 38 m), Kinmen by C. L. Li and C. H. Chang (cat. no. 14 -08135); one clitellate collected 22 May 2008 at the entrance of a hiking trail (elevation 52 m), Mt. Wuhu, Kinmen by C. L. Li and Y. H. Lin (cat. no. 14 -08136). Diagnosis. Small to medium; length (clitellates) 65–134 mm. Segments numbering 78–112. Setae 38–45 in VII, 49–61 in XX, and 7–11 between male pores. First dorsal pore in 11 / 12 or 12 / 13. Spermathecal pores lip-like, three pairs in 6 / 7–8 / 9, 0.19–0.25 body circumference ventrally apart. Male pores 0.21–0.29 body circumference ventrally apart in XVIII, each on a papilla-like porophore surrounded by three genital papillae: one anterior, one posterior and one medial. Preclitellar genital papillae three or two (widely paired) in presetal VIII–IX. Spermathecae three pairs in VI, VII and VIII or in VI, VIII and IX. Seminal vesicles large, two pairs in XI and XII, each vesicle with a large, round dorsal lobe. Prostate glands large, lobed in XVI–XXI. Prostatic duct large, straight, enlarged in the middle. Accessory glands large, sessile, pad- or tissue-like, corresponding to external genital papillae. Description. External: Total length (clitellates) 65–134 mm. Weight 0.38–1.15 g. Segments numbering 78–112. Clitellum XIV–XVI, setae and dorsal pores absent, length 2.11–3.93 mm and width 2.69–4.08 mm. Prostomium epilobous. Setae 38–45 in VII, 49–61 in XX, and 7–11 between male pores in XVIII. First dorsal pore in 11 / 12 or 12 / 13. Spermathecal pores lip-like, three pairs in intersegmental furrows of 6 / 7–8 / 9; distance between paired pores 0.19–0.25 body circumference ventrally apart. Genital papillae three in presetal VIII or widely paired in presetal VIII (Fig. 2 A); in IX, papillae absent, single median, or same number and arrangement as in VIII. Each papilla round, center depressed, 0.4–0.6 mm in diameter. Female pore single, mid-ventral in XIV. Male pores paired in XVIII, 0.21–0.29 body circumference ventrally apart, each on a papilla-like porophore surrounded by three genital papillae: one anterior, one posterior and one medial. Each papilla round, center depressed, 0.35–0.6 mm in diameter. The male porophore together with the genital papillae are surrounded by three or four diamondshaped skin folds (Fig. 2 B). Preserved specimens brown to grayish brown in color with dark to light brown clitellum. Internal: Septa 5 / 6–7 / 8 thick, 10 / 11–13 / 14 muscular, 8 / 9 / 10 absent. Nephridial tufts on anterior faces of 5 / 6 / 7. Gizzard large in VIII–X. Intestine enlarged from XV or XVI. Intestinal caeca paired in XXVII, extending anteriorly to XXIII–XXV, each simple, distal end either straight or bent. Esophageal hearts in XI–XIII. Spermathecae three pairs in VI, VII and VIII or in VI, VIII and IX (Fig. 2 C), ampulla round or elongated ovalshaped, surface wrinkled, 0.9–2.38 mm long and 0.75–2.25 mm wide, spermathecal stalk short, stout, 0.25–0.55 mm in length. Diverticulum with a slender stalk 0.4–0.8 mm long and an elongated oval seminal chamber 0.3–0.62 mm in length. Accessory glands large, sessile, pad- or flower-like, with shallow grooves on the surface, 0.5–1.3 mm long and 0.4–0.95 mm wide, each corresponding to external genital papilla (Fig. 2 C). Holandric, testes oval, two pairs in ventrally joined sacs in X and XI. Seminal vesicles large, smooth, two pairs in XI and XII, each vesicle with a large, round dorsal lobe. Prostate glands large, occupying four or five segments in XVI–XXI (Fig. 2 D), divided into several lobules by grooves. Prostatic duct stout, straight, enlarged in the middle. Accessory glands large, sessile, 0.45–1.05 mm long and 0.4–0.85 mm wide, corresponding to external genital papillae (Fig. 2 D). DNA barcodes. GenBank accession numbers JQ 936599 (14 -07391, holotype), JQ 936601 (14 -07387, paratype), JQ 936598, JQ 936600, and JQ 936602 (14 -07388, 14 -07389 and 14 -07390, respectively). Etymology. The name wuhumontis is given to this species with reference to its type locality at Mt. Wuhu in Kinmen. Remarks. Amynthas wuhumontis sp. nov. is distributed only in areas around Mt. Wuhu and Mt. Taiwu in east Kinmen. It is fairly similar to Amynthas leucocircus (Chen, 1933) from the coastal provinces of central China. Both species are sexthecal with spermathecal pores in 6 / 7–8 / 9 and have similar numbers of setae and similar papillae arrangement in the male pore region. However, A. leucocircus is larger with a body size of 140–212 mm long and 4–7 mm wide; it has papillae in postsetal VII–VIII, four pairs of hearts in X–XIII, small seminal vesicles, and stalked accessory glands (Chen 1933). A. wuhumontis is smaller (65–134 mm in total length and 2.69–4.08 mm in width), and has papillae in presetal VIII–IX, three pairs of hearts in XI–XIII, large seminal vesicles, and sessile accessory glands. Furthermore, the ventral distance between paired spermathecal pores is wider in A. leucocircus (about 1 / 3 body circumference) than that in A. wuhumontis (0.19–0.25 body circumference). The soil pH (H 2 O) values of the localities where the specimens of A. wuhumontis were collected were 4.9–6.48 (unpublished data).Published as part of Shen, Huei-Ping, Chang, Chih-Han, Li, Chi-Lun, Chih, Wen-Jay & Chen, Jiun-Hong, 2013, Four new earthworm species of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Kinmen, Taiwan, pp. 471-482 in Zootaxa 3599 (5) on pages 475-477, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3599.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/21866
FIGURE 3. Neoperla jigongshana Li & Li in Species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Henan Province, China
No full textFIGURE 3. Neoperla jigongshana Li & Li, sp. nov., male. a. Head and pronotum, dorsal view. b. Terminalia, dorsal view. c. Terminalia, lateral view. d. Right midleg, dorsal view. d. Aedeagal sac, lateral view.Published as part of Li, Weihai, Li, Shan, Feng, Guangwei & Wang, Yunbing, 2014, Species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Henan Province, China, pp. 174-182 in Zootaxa 3838 (2) on page 179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3838.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/22691
Neoperla yaoshana Li, Wang & Lu 2011
No full textNeoperla yaoshana Li, Wang & Lu, 2011 Neoperla yaoshana Li, Wang & Lu, 2011. Zootaxa. 2735: 58. Type locality: Henan, Lushan County, Yaoshan. Distribution. China (Henan Province) (Li et al. 2011).Published as part of Li, Weihai, Li, Shan, Feng, Guangwei & Wang, Yunbing, 2014, Species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Henan Province, China, pp. 174-182 in Zootaxa 3838 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3838.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/22691
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