888 research outputs found
Thirteen-Year Outcomes in Very Preterm Children Associated with Diffuse Excessive High Signal Intensity on Neonatal Magnetic Resonance Imaging
No full textObjective: To investigate the association between white matter diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) on neonatal magnetic resonance imaging in very preterm infants and neurobehavioral outcomes at the age of 13 years. Study design: Magnetic resonance images of very preterm children (<30 weeks gestational age or <1250 g birth weight) were evaluated at term-equivalent age with DEHSI classified into 5 grades. Additionally, visibility of the posterior periventricular crossroads was assessed. General intelligence, memory, attention, executive function, motor abilities, and behavior were examined in 125 children at age 13 years and related to DEHSI grades using linear regression. Results: DEHSI was detected in 93% of infants; 21% grade 1, 22% grade 2, 32% grade 3, and 18% grade 4. Neurobehavioral outcomes were similar for all DEHSI groups. There was weak evidence that higher DEHSI grades related to higher verbal IQ and attention and that lower DEHSI grades related to better planning ability. Adjustment for gestational age, birth weight standard score, and sex further weakened these effects. Only 12 children had invisible posterior crossroads and showed slightly poorer outcomes at 13 years of age. Conclusions: There was little evidence that neonatal DEHSI serves as a sensitive biomarker for later impairment. Further investigation on the importance of invisible posterior periventricular crossroads in larger samples is needed.Ines M. Mürner-Lavanchy, Hiroyuki Kidokoro, Deanne K. Thompson, Lex W. Doyle, Jeanie L. Y. Cheong, Rod W. Hunt, Terrie E. Inder, Peter J. Anderso
Liberal Peace: Selected Essays
No full textComprising essays by Michael W. Doyle, Liberal Peace examines the special significance of liberalism for international relations.
The volume begins by outlining the two legacies of liberalism in international relations – how and why liberal states have maintained peace among themselves while at the same time being prone to making war against non-liberal states. Exploring policy implications, the author focuses on the strategic value of the inter-liberal democratic community and how it can be protected, preserved, and enlarged, and whether liberals can go beyond a separate peace to a more integrated global democracy. Finally, the volume considers when force should and should not be used to promote national security and human security across borders, and argues against President George W. Bush’s policy of transformative interventions. The concluding essay engages with scholarly critics of the liberal democratic peace.
This book will be of great interest to students of international relations, foreign policy, political philosophy, and security studies.https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/books/1244/thumbnail.jp
Reactivity and selectivity in intermolecular insertion reactions of chlorophenylcarbene
No full textPT: J; CR: DOYLE MP, 1987, CHEM DIAZIRINES, CH8 DOYLE MP, 1987, J ORG CHEM, V52, P1619 GOULD IR, 1985, TETRAHEDRON, V41, P1587 GRAHAM WH, 1965, J AM CHEM SOC, V87, P4396 KIRMSE W, 1964, CARBENE CHEM MOSS RA, 1985, REACTIVE INTERMEDIAT, V3, CH3 MOSS RA, 1986, J AM CHEM SOC, V108, P7028 PADWA A, 1969, J ORG CHEM, V34, P2728 SEYFERTH D, 1967, J ORGANOMET CHEM, V7, P405 SEYFERTH D, 1968, J AM CHEM SOC, V90, P2944 SEYFERTH D, 1970, J ORG CHEM, V35, P1989 SEYFERTH D, 1973, J AM CHEM SOC, V75, P6763 SOUNDARARAJAN N, IN PRESS J AM CHEM S STANG PJ, 1987, J AM CHEM SOC, V109, P5019 STEINBECK K, 1978, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P1103 STEINBECK K, 1981, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V20, P773; NR: 16; TC: 18; J9: TETRAHEDRON LETT; PG: 4; GA: R2217Source type: Electronic(1
Unmasked: The Author of Narrative of a Voyage to the Spanish Main in the Ship Two Friends
No full textIn 1819 John Miller of Burlington Arcade, Piccadilly, London, published the Narrative of a Voyage to the Spanish Main in the Ship Two Friends for an anonymous author, a young Englishman.1 The author, calling himself the Narrator, recounted his earlier voyage to Madeira Island, the Dutch island of St. Thomas, and Spanish East Florida. The Narrative paints a revealing portrait of northeast Florida during the waning years of the Second Spanish Period. In his introduction to the 1978 republication of the Narrative John W. Griffin posed two candidates, both named John Miller, for authorship; however, he concluded [w]ithal the author ... remains anonymous. 2 The Narrator\u27s anonymity has persisted, but overlooked sources render his identification possible
The Privilege to Write What You Want
No full textRoddy Doyle Talks to
Joanna KosmalskaThis interview is part of a literature project DEC-2011/01/B/HS2/05120 financed by the National Science Centre
Magnesium sulphate for women at risk of preterm birth for neuroprotection of the fetus
No full textCopyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.BackgroundEpidemiological and basic science evidence suggests that magnesium sulphate before birth may be neuroprotective for the fetus.ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness and safety of magnesium sulphate as a neuroprotective agent when given to women considered at risk of preterm birth.Search strategyWe searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (October 2006), CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2006, Issue 3), MEDLINE (1966 to October 2006), EMBASE (1980 to October 2006), Current Contents (1992 to October 2006), references of retrieved articles, and abstracts submitted to the Society for Pediatric Research (1996 to 2006).Selection criteriaRandomised controlled trials of antenatal magnesium sulphate therapy given to women threatening or likely to give birth at less than 37 weeks' gestational age.Data collection and analysisWe independently extracted data regarding clinical outcomes including paediatric mortality, neurologic outcome of survivors (including blindness, deafness, cerebral palsy and major neurosensory disability), and maternal complications and side-effects. At least two authors assessed trial eligibility and quality, and extracted data.Main resultsFour trials (3701 babies) were eligible for this review. No statistically significant effect of antenatal magnesium sulphate therapy was detected on any major paediatric outcome, including mortality (e.g., paediatric mortality relative risk (RR) 0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.74 to 1.28; four trials; 3701 infants), and neurological outcomes in the first few years of life, including cerebral palsy (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.56 to 1.06; four trials; 3701 infants), neurological impairments or disabilities. There were also no significant effects of antenatal magnesium therapy on combined rates of mortality with neurologic outcomes. There was a significant reduction in the rate of substantial gross motor dysfunction (RR 0.56; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.97; two trials; 2848 infants). There were higher rates of minor maternal side-effects in the magnesium groups, but no significant effects on major maternal complications.Authors' conclusionsThe role for antenatal magnesium sulphate therapy as a neuroprotective agent for the preterm fetus is not yet established. Given the possible beneficial effects of magnesium sulphate on gross motor function in early childhood, outcomes later in childhood should be evaluated to determine the presence or absence of later potentially important neurologic effects, particularly on motor or cognitive function. Further information will be available from one of the studies where outcomes are being evaluated again at eight to nine years of age, and from another trial currently in progress.http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-EBC2.htm
"Through the windows of a Baptist Meeting House": Religion, politics and the Nonconformist Conscience in the life of Sir George White, M.P.
No full textWith the compilation of the New Dictionary of National Biography, under the
general editorship of Colin Matthew, the contributions of many more of the Free
Church men and women who helped shape nineteenth and twentieth-century Britain
will be acknowledged. Among the debutants in the revised canon of great Britons
will be Sir George White MP, 1 the man described by the British Weekly as the
'foremost lay leader of English Nonconformity in our generation' ,2 yet a politician
largely ignored by historians of Edwardian Britain.3 This is a significant oversight,
for White featured prominently in Free-Church politics in the early twentieth
century, chairing the Nonconformist Committee in the House of Commons and
acting as a bridge between old-style dissenting Radicalism and the new(er)
Liberalism of practical politicians like Lloyd George.4 Although 'plain and modest'
with 'no pretentions to brilliance', White reached the top in business, politics and
the Baptist denomination through the classic Victorian virtues of hard work,
dedication and devotion,S his success resting, in part, on his power as a speaker
with 'the enviable faculty granted to the best speakers of saying, and thinking clearly
and strongly while he is on his feet,.6 This paper, which is based primarily on
press reports of his life and death, will outline White's achievements in religion,
business and politics, illustrating the way these elements interacted, and looking, in
particular, at the three areas in which religion most obviously influenced his political
views: class relations, education and temperance
Toxicological profile for radon
No full textA Toxicological Profile for Radon, Draft for Public Comment was released in September 2008. This edition supersedes any previously released draft or final profile.Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-204).Title from title screen (viewed on Nov. 27, 2012).Chemical manager(s)/author(s): Sam Keith, John R. Doyle, Carolyn Harper, Moiz Mumtaz, Oscar Tarrago, ATSDR, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences (proposed), Atlanta, Georgia; David W. Wohlers, Gary L. Diamond, Mario Citra, Lynn E. Barber, SRC, Inc North Syracuse, NY
Neonatal brain abnormalities associated with autism spectrum disorder in children born very preterm
No full textVery preterm (VP) survivors are at increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared with term-born children. This study explored whether neonatal magnetic resonance (MR) brain features differed in VP children with and without ASD at 7 years. One hundred and seventy-two VP children (<30 weeks’ gestation or <1250 g birth weight)underwent structural brain MR scans at term equivalent age (TEA; 40 weeks’ gestation 62 weeks) and were assessed for ASD at 7 years of age. The presence and severity of white matter, cortical gray matter, deep nuclear gray matter, and cerebellar abnormalities were assessed, and total and regional brain volumes were measured. ASD was diagnosed using a standardized parent report diagnostic interview and confirmed via an independent assessment. Eight VP chil-dren (4.7%) were diagnosed with ASD. Children with ASD had more cystic lesions in the cortical white matter at TEA compared with those without ASD (odds ratio [OR] 8.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5, 51.3, P 5 0.02). There was also some evidence for smaller cerebellar volumes in children with ASD compared with those without ASD(OR 5 0.82, CI 5 0.66, 1.00, P 5 0.06). Overall, the results suggest that VP children with ASD have different brain structure in the neonatal period compared with those who do not have ASD.Alexandra M. Ure, Karli Treyvaud, Deanne K. Thompson, Leona Pascoe, Gehan Roberts, Katherine J. Lee, Marc L. Seal, Elisabeth Northam, Jeanie L. Cheong, Rod W. Hunt, Terrie Inder, Lex W. Doyle, and Peter J. Anderso
- …
