12,499 research outputs found
08 LERNER
No full textAbstract Immunohistochemical phenotypic characterization of skeletal nerve fibers has demonstrated the expression of a restricted number of neuropeptides, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). According to the neuro-osteological hypothesis, such neuropeptides can be released and exert paracrine biological effects on bone cells present close to the nerve endings expressing these signaling molecules. The existence of such interplay is most convincingly shown by the hypothalamic control of bone formation, in the case of leptin stimulation of hypothalamic nuclei mediated by the sympathetic nervous system and inhibitory ‚-adrenergic receptors on osteoblasts. In addition to these receptors, osteoblasts and osteoclasts express functional receptors for CGRP, SP and VIP, which can regulate both bone formation and bone resorption. The evidence for these observations is summarized in the present paper
Ciocalypta alba Carvalho, Carraro, Lerner & Hajdu, 2003, sp. nov.
No full textCiocalypta alba sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2; Tab. I) Holotype. MCNPOR 5056, Ilha de Coral, SC, 27 º 56.242 'S – 48 º 32.679 'W, 12 m depth, colls. C. Lerner & J.P. Cauduro Filho, 08.iii. 2001. Paratypes. MCNPOR 5060, Ilha de Coral, SC, 27 º 56.242 'S – 48 º 32.679 'W, 12 m depth, coll. C. Lerner & J.P. Cauduro Filho, 08.iii. 2001; MNRJ 501, Saco das Anchovas, Ilhabela, São Sebastião, SP, 23 º 55.206 'S – 45 º 17.936 'W, 1517m depth, coll. E. Hajdu, 22 / vi/ 1997; MNRJ 555, Ponta do Frade, Ilhabela, São Sebastião, SP, 23 º 54.972 'S – 45 º 27.547 'W, 2425m depth, coll. M. LeBlanc, 18 /vi/ 1997; MNRJ 779, 781, Ilha da Serraria, Ilhabela, SP, 23 º 48.758 'S – 45 º 13.812 'W, 20m depth, coll. E. Hajdu, 11 /i/ 1996. Comparative material. Ciocalypta penicillus — MNRJ 1171 (dredged off Roscoff, France, det. C. Lévi, iv. 1992). Diagnosis. Ciocalypta alba sp.nov. possesses neatly transparent fistules with small habit (up to 2cm), and a single category of oxeas. Description. Specimens with firm consistency, hispid, with a basal mass with a variable number of slender conical fistules ranging from 0.4–2cm in height, and up to 5mm in thickness (Fig. 2 a). The fistules are fused in a thin base ca. 1cm high which is covered by some milimetres of fine sediment. Colour of the fistules and the base is whiteyelowish alive, and whitish in alcohol. The surface has a translucent appearance, through which the central spicular axis is clearly visible. Oscules and pores inconspicuous, even in situ. Skeleton. Fistules, cavernous (Fig. 2 b) — Ectosomal skeleton tangential to the surface, easily detachable, formed by oxeas. Axial choanosomal skeleton constituted by a dense, central, longitudinal spicule bundle. Extraaxial tracts ramifying from the centre towards the ectosome, where they form subectosomal brushes. Little or no spongin present. Base, cavernous (Fig. 2 c) — Dense, easily detachable ectosomal skeleton with spicules tangential to the surface. Choanosomal skeleton formed by crisscrossed oxeas basally; wherefrom bundles, mostly parallel, running towards the surface, originate. These bundles form brushes close to the surface. Spicules (Fig. 2 d; Table 1). Oxeas — straight (rarely) or slightly curved at centre (often): length 156 413 874 µm, width 2 10.2 20 µm. Distribution and Ecology. Known from Ilha de Coral, Santa Catarina state, and Ilhabela, São Sebastião, São Paulo state. The specimens were collected at 12–25 m depth. The base is covered by sediment. Etymology. The species is named after the colour whiteyelowish alive of the fistules and the base, and the translucent appearance of the surface. Remarks. We recognize five species of Ciocalypta from the Atlantic ocean, viz. C. gibbsi Wells, Wells & Gray, 1960 (North Carolina); C. penicillus Bowerbank, 1864 (originally NE and NW Atlantic, Caribbean, besides Mediterranean and several localities in the IndoPacific area); C. polymastia (Von Lendenfeld, 1888; Patagonia, besides E Australia and New Zealand); C. porrecta (Topsent, 1928; Cabo Verde) and C. pseudoporrecta (Van Soest & Stentoft, 1988; Caribbean). ‘ Ciocalypta ’ hyaloderma Ridley & Dendy, 1886 (off the mouth of the Rio de la Plata, ca. 1080m depth) is considered misidentified if Erpenbeck & Van Soest´s (2002) revision of diagnostic criteria is followed. Ridley & Dendy´s (1887) sponge has two widely divergent branches, and a neatly reticulated, well developed and very wide meshed ectosomal skeleton. Ciocalypta, on the contrary, has conspicuous fingershaped fistules, disposed side by side, and a "tangential reticulation of intercrossing bundles", much denser and more confused than in ‘C’. hyaloderma. TABLE I: Comparative micrometric data for Ciocalypta alba sp.nov. Measures are given as smallest length – mean length – largest length/ smallest width – mean width – largest width, in micrometers. Oxeas, N = 100 for length measures and N = 20 for width measures per specimen. Specimens Óxeas MCNPOR 5056 Holotype 204 430.3 732 / 3 10.2 20 MCNPOR 5060 Paratype 190 480.6 874 / 2 9.1 19 ‘ Leucophloeus ’ styliferus Stephens, 1915 was to be transferred to Ciocalypta, as the former genus is considered a synonym of the latter by Erpenbeck & Van Soest (2002). This species, nevertheless, does not conform to the diagnosis of Ciocalypta, due to its absolute absence of fistules. We suggest the South African (SE Atlantic) species to be provisionally placed in Hymeniacidon, until a more comprehensive revision of other records of Leucophloeus is undertaken. Ciocalypta gibbsi was transferred to Halichondria by Diaz et al. (1993), but its possession of styles next to oxeas originally reported by Wells et al. (1960), besides the fistular habit, suggests it is more appropriate to keep the species in Ciocalypta. This species differs from the new species described here by its apparently occasional possession of abundant styles and tendency for showing generally thinner megascleres (up to 12 µm in Wells et al. 1960; up to 10 µm in Diaz et al. 1993; up to 20 µm in the new species). Additionally, both species appear visually different because of C. gibbsi ´s thicker, dull fistules, instead of the neatly transparent ones of the new species (similar to those of NE Atlantic C. pennicillus, cf. Weinberg 1994, p. 156, and Van Soest et al. 2000). Ciocalypta penicillus is a species known for the variability of its spicular complement, where styles and oxeas are variably abundant, sometimes occurring alone (e.g. Topsent 1921). One striking difference between this and the new species is the consistently smaller habit of the fistules in the latter (up to 2cm), as opposed to fistules over 6, and up to 10cm high in C. penicillus (e.g. Bowerbank 1864; Wells et al. 1960; Weinberg 1994; Van Soest et al. 2000). Additionaly, C. penicillus possesses more cavernous fistules and thicker and conspicuous secondary tracts of megascleres (ca. 215 m; cf. ERPENBECK & VAN SOEST, 2002). Ciocalypta polymastia (von Lendenfeld, 1888, sensu Cuartas 1992) has three categories of styles (130–180, 210 – 250 and 320–450 µm long), which makes it only distantly related to the new species. Ciocalypta porrecta differs from the new species by its possession of a dense, ectosomal, paratangential arrangement of spicule brushes supporting isolated tangential spicules, instead of the neat, tangential reticulation of spicule bundles in the new species. Topsent’s (1928) specimen differed further by its possession of slightly larger oxeas (up to 1000 µm) and stout, dull fistules. The latter two characters were not observed in a Spanish specimen by Carballo (2001, as Coelocalypta). Ciocalypta pseudoporrecta differs from our new species due its possession of three categories of oxeas (260–480, 475 – 900, 100 – 1800 µm long). Additionally, its shape is very distinct from that of the new species. Ciocalypta pseudoporrecta has a subspherical base from which a single, hard fistule arises The new species is thus considered well distinguished from other Atlantic congeners, with the exception of C. penicillus from which it differs only marginally. Given the unlikelyness of conspecificity over such a large geographic distance, further supported from the realization that other species with alleged similar distributions, such as Chondrilla nucula Schmidt, 1862 (DE LAUBENFELS, 1956; MURICY et al., 1991), Chondrosia reniformis Nardo, 1847 (SOLÉCAVA et al., 1981), and Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (MOTHESDE MORAES, 1985; MURICY et al., 1991) are highly dubious identifications for the Western Atlantic (KLAUTAU et al., 1999; LAZOSKI et al., 2001), we feel confident in recognizing C. alba ´s status as a new species. Hooper et al. (1997) revised the Indopacific records of Ciocalypta, listing ten valid species, two of which were described as new species. The present paper is a complementary review of the Atlantic fauna.Published as part of Carvalho, Mariana De S., Carraro, João L., Lerner, Cléa & Hajdu, Eduardo, 2003, First record of Ciocalypta (Demospongiae: Halichondrida) from Brazil, southwestern Atlantic, with the description of a new species, pp. 1-8 in Zootaxa 302 on pages 2-6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15661
A new species of Erylus Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Geodiidae) from the southeastern coast of Brazil
No full textA new species, Erylus soesti n. sp. is described from SE Brazil. This study is part of an ongoing revision of genus Erylus Gray, 1867 (Mothes, Lerner & Da Silva, 1999; Mothes & Lerner, 1999) and adds a further brazilian species to the genus. This new species can be distinguished by the possession of dichotriaenes, oxeas, and peculiar cushion-like aspidasters with extremely irregular outline, microspined microstrongyles and sphaeroxyasters. A key for identification of brazilian species is provided
Latrunculia (Latrunculia) tetraverticillata Mothes, Campos, Eckert & Lerner, 2008, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Latrunculia (Latrunculia) tetraverticillata</i> sp. nov. <p>(Fig. 2 A–E; Tab. I)</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype: MCNPOR 3695, Brazil, off Santa Catarina State coast (29º11'16"S, 47º54'16"W), 420 m depth, substrate of pebbles, bottom temperature 9°C, salinity 34 ‰, 24.IV.1997, R/V "Antares” coll. Paratype: MCNPOR 3641 (microscope-slide); data similar to that of the holotype.</p> <p> <b>Comparative material</b>. <i>Latrunculia (Latrunculia) brevis</i> Ridley & Dendy, 1886, collected by HMS “Challenger” Expedition, off Rio de la Plata, Argentina, slide BMNH 1887.5.2.269 (holotype). <i>Latrunculia (Latrunculia) biformis</i> (Kirkpatrick, 1908), collected by Antarctic Terra Nova Expedition, locality unknown, slide BMNH 1910.26.154a. <i>Latrunculia (Latrunculia) bocagei</i> Ridley & Dendy, 1886, collected by HMS “Discovery” Expedition, Falkland Islands, slide BMNH 1887.5.2.237 (holotype).</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Small encrusting sponge, 0.7 x 0.6 x 0.1 cm (Fig. 2 A). Surface slightly velvety to the touch, with a single conical, volcano-shaped oscule, 0.1 cm in diameter. Preserved material friable in consistency. External colour in life unknown; in preservative external and internal colour creamy white.</p> <p> <b>Skeleton.</b> Ectosome with a palisade of anisodiscorhabds perpendicularly arranged (Fig. 2 B). Subectosomal region 90–210 μm thick, with a confused halichondroid arrangement of single strongyloxeas tangentially oriented and common anisodiscorhabds scattered through. The choanosomal skeleton is formed by a very irregular, polygonal reticulation (85–160 μm) formed by tracts of strongyloxeas (30–70 μm) with scarce spongin reinforcement.</p> <p> <b>Spicules.</b> Magascleres (Fig. 2 C–D): Strongyloxeas smooth, straight, anisodiametric strongyloxeas, slightly fusiform, occasionally may bear a tyle, apical extremity hastate. Microscleres (Fig. 2 E): Anisodiscorhabds consisting of a straight, stout shaft, with a reduced base ornamented with smooth spines, bent downwards. There are only a few isolated spines above the manubrium, and these can vary on abundance and disposition. Two central whorls are of similar diameter (median and subsidiary 2) and bear denticulated edges.</p> <p>Both are located on half length of the shaft, and oriented perpendicularly to its main axis. The third and fourth whorls (subsidiary 1 and apical) are cup-shaped, placed closer to the apex and also bear denticulated edges. They are generally smaller in diameter than the first ones. The crown is rose-like in its contour. All the whorls are not divided in groups of spines. Immature stages are common. Measurements are given in Table 1.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Known only from the type locality.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Named after the presence of four whorls along the discorhabd axis.</p> <p> Diameter 29.9– <i>40.0–</i> 43.7 39.1– <i>41.6</i> –44 Subsidiary 2 Distance 39.1– <i>43.0–</i> 48.5 32.2– <i>40.6</i> –46 In comparison with other <i>Latrunculia</i> species from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (e.g., <i>L</i>. <i>biformis</i>, L. <i>brevis</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>bocagei</i>), the new species clearly differs from them in possessing strongyloxeas rather than styles as megascleres, and in the size of these megascleres, which are smaller than those of <i>L</i>. <i>biformis</i>, L. <i>brevis</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>bocagei</i>. Fusiform strongyloxeas (and styles, or styles to strongyloxeas) were recorded in other species within subgenus <i>Latrunculia</i> (e.g., <i>L</i>. <i>basilis</i>, L. <i>palmata</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>novaecaledoniae</i>); however the geographic distribution of these species (Antarctic, Philippines and New Caledonia, respectively <i>)</i> is remarkably distant from the type locality of the new species. The anisodiscorhab of the new species is morphologically different (see Fig. 3 A–D) from those present in the other three species of <i>Latrunculia</i> found in the Southwestern Atlantic. Moreover, <i>L</i>. <i>brevis</i> has anisodiscorhabds with a short shaft, <i>L</i>. <i>biformis</i> has two distinct types of anisodiscorhabds (additional aciculoanisodiscorhabds), and <i>L</i>. <i>bocagei</i> differs in having the standard three whorls along the anisodiscorhabd axis, but spines of the apical whorl which are slightly curved upwards in a crown-like tuft of blunt, terminally spined projections (Samaai <i>et al.</i>, 2006).</p> <p> <i>Latrunculia multirotalis</i> Topsent, 1905, recorded from the Azores, is morphologically the closest species to the new one, because both species have several whorls of spines along the shaft. However, apart from having disjunctive distributions, the new species differs from <i>L</i>. <i>multirotalis</i>; L. tetraverticillata has strongyloxeas as megascleres, the microscleres are smaller, bear only four whorls not divided in clusters of spines, or denticulated margins, and the shaft thickness is uniform towards the apical whorl.</p> <p> Hinde and Holmes (1892) recorded <i>Latrunculia</i> sp. (p. 218, Pl. XI, Fig. 37) from fossil material coming from lower Tertiary strata of New Zealand. This fossil species had an anisodiscorhabd that was similar in structure (having four whorls along the shaft) and dimension (length), to that found in <i>L</i>. <i>tetraverticillata</i> sp.nov. However the discorhabds of the new species differ from the fossil microscleres in the absence of secondary spines among the whorls, and also in the structure of the apex, which is formed by a single prominent spine in the fossil material, whereas it is rose-like in the extant species. It is difficult to evaluate the degree of homology between fossil and extant acanthodiscorabds; but the similarity in the acanthodiscorhabd could indicate that similar "latrunculiid" species coexisted in a primary community (Samaai <i>et al</i>., 2006) in the Southern Ocean.</p>Published as part of <i>Mothes, Beatriz, Campos, Maurício, Eckert, Rafael & Lerner, Cléa, 2008, Latrunculia (Latrunculia) tetraverticillata sp. nov. (Porifera, Poecilosclerida, Latrunculiidae) from the bathyal region off the coast of Santa Catarina State, Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic, pp. 59-65 in Zootaxa 1744</i> on pages 61-63, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/181621">10.5281/zenodo.181621</a>
FIGURE 1 in Latrunculia (Latrunculia) tetraverticillata sp. nov. (Porifera, Poecilosclerida, Latrunculiidae) from the bathyal region off the coast of Santa Catarina State, Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic
No full textFIGURE 1. Map showing the collecting area.Published as part of Mothes, Beatriz, Campos, Maurício, Eckert, Rafael & Lerner, Cléa, 2008, Latrunculia (Latrunculia) tetraverticillata sp. nov. (Porifera, Poecilosclerida, Latrunculiidae) from the bathyal region off the coast of Santa Catarina State, Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic, pp. 59-65 in Zootaxa 1744 on page 60, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18162
Biemna spinomicroxea Mothes, Campos, Lerner, Carraro, Van & Soest, 2005, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Biemna spinomicroxea</i> sp. nov. <p>Figs. 2 A–I</p> <p> <b>Material examined. Holotype</b> MCNPOR 1887, off the coast of Amapá State: 03°56'00" N – 50°00'07" W, 81 m depth; coll. R/V ‘Almirante Saldanha’, 07.XII.1968; substratum sand.</p> <p> <b>Comparative material.</b> <i>Biemna oxeata</i> Van Soest & Stentoft, 1988 – ZMAPOR 5420 (holotype), Barbados (fragment deposited in MCNPOR 2593); <i>Biemna tubulata</i> (Dendy, 1905) <i>sensu</i> Van Soest, 1984 – ZMAPOR 3520, Puerto Rico (fragment deposited in MCNPOR 2618); <i>B</i>. <i>microacanthosigma</i> Mothes, Hajdu, Lerner & Van Soest, 2004 – MCNPOR 1898, Amapá State, Brazil; <i>B</i>. <i>trisigmata</i> Mothes & Campos, 2004 – MCNPOR 1897, Amapá State, Brazil.</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Massive, irregular but slightly lobate, internally cavernous (Fig. 2 A). Measurements: 3.5 cm length, 2.0 cm width and 2.0 cm thick. Surface hispid, from to protruding spicules. Oscules scattered over the surface, the larger ones measuring 0.2 cm in diameter. Consistency of preserved material soft, easily compressible. Colour alive unknown, in alcohol light brown.</p> <p> <b>Skeleton</b> (Fig. 2 B). Plumoreticulate, not differentiated into ectosomal or choanosomal skeleton. Megascleres arranged in ascending tracts, 3–5 spicules thick, at 190–332.5 m distance from each other, widening slightly near the surface and connected by single spicules or transverse tracts 1–3 spicules thick. Only nodal spongin present. Between the spicule tracts, some microscleres are found randomly distributed.</p> <p> <b>Spicules</b>. Oxeas (Fig. 2 C­D): slightly curved, rarely straight; extremities lightly stepped, a few slightly strongylote; length: 370.5– <i>409</i>. <i>4</i> – 437 m, width: 9.2– <i>11</i>. <i>6</i> – 13.8 m. Sigmas (Fig. 2 E­F): shallow­curved, with long­spined extremities; length: 16.1– <i>17</i>. <i>6</i> – 20.7 m, width: 1.0 m. Microxeas in two sizes (Fig. 2 G­I): larger (Fig. 2 G­H), straight, microspined; length: 103– <i>133</i>. <i>4</i> – 152 m, width: 2.3– <i>3.2</i> – 4.6 m; Smaller (Fig. 2 I), smooth, slightly curved, a few straight; length: 87.5– <i>113</i>. <i>7</i> – 152.5 m, width: less than 2.5 m.</p> <p> <b>Remarks</b>. Until now there were five valid species of genus <i>Biemna</i> known in the tropical West Atlantic: <i>B</i>. <i>microstyla</i> de Laubenfels, 1950; <i>B</i>. <i>cribaria</i> (Alcolado & Gotera, 1986) (senior synonym of <i>B</i>. <i>oxeata</i> Van Soest & Stentoft, 1988); <i>B</i>. <i>caribea</i> Pulitzer­ Finali, 1986 (“ <i>B</i>. <i>tubulata</i> (Dendy, 1905) ” <i>sensu</i> Van Soest, 1984); <i>B</i>. <i>microacanthosigma</i> Mothes, Hajdu, Lerner & Van Soest, 2004; <i>B</i>. <i>trisigmata</i> Mothes & Campos, 2004; the new species, <i>B</i>. <i>spinomicroxea</i>, brings the number to six. The latter species shares the oxeote megascleres with <i>B</i>. <i>cribaria</i>, which however lacks microxeas and has two size categories of sigmas. The remaining <i>Biemna</i> species have styles as megascleres.</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>. The specific name is given to signal the presence of a spined microxea.</p>Published as part of <i>Mothes, Beatriz, Campos, Maurício, Lerner, Cléa, Carraro, João Luís, Van, Rob W. M. & Soest, 2005, A new species of Biemna Gray, 1867 (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida) from the north coast of Brazil, pp. 39-44 in Zootaxa 1087</i> on page 41, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/170496">10.5281/zenodo.170496</a>
A new species of Aleurolobus Quaintance et Baker (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) from Southern Europe.
No full textAleurolobus teucrii n. sp. is described from southern Italy and the Maltese Islands (Central Mediterranean). The species seems to be monophagous on Teucrium fruticans L. A key to the European species of this genus (A. niloticus Priesner et Hosny, A. olivinus (Silvestri), A. wunni (Ryberg) and A. teucrii n. sp.) is provided.peer-reviewe
Mosquito Larvicidal Constituents from Lantana Viburnoides SP Viburnoides Var Kisi (A. rich) Verdc (Verbenaceae).
No full text\ud
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Lantana viburnoides sp viburnoides var kisi is used in Tanzania ethnobotanically to repel mosquitoes as well as in traditional medicine for stomach ache relief. Bioassay-guided fractionation and subtraction bioassays of the dichloromethane extract of the root barks were carried out in order to identify the bioactive components for controlling Anopheles gambiae s.s. mosquito larvae. Twenty late III or early IV instar larvae of An. gambiae s.s. were exposed to various concentrations of the plant extracts, fractions, blends and pure compounds, and were assayed in the laboratory by using the protocol of WHO 1996. Mean mortalities were compared using Dunnett's test (p < 0.05) and lethal concentration calculated by Lackfit Inversel of the SAS programme. The crude extract (LC50 = 7.70 ppm in 72 h) and fractions exhibited different level of mosquito larvicidal activity with subtraction of some fractions resulting in activity enhancement. The active fractions contained furanonaphthaquinones regio-isomers (LC50 = 5.48-5.70 ppm in 72 h) and the lantadene triterpenoid camaric acid (LC50 = 6.19 ppm in 72 h) as active principles while the lupane triterpenoid betulinic acid (LC50 < 10 ppm in 72 h) was obtained from the least active fraction. Crude extracts and some fractions had higher or comparable larvicidal activity to the pure compounds. These results demonstrate that L. viburnoides sp viburnoides var kisi extracts may serve as larvicides for managing various mosquito habitats even in their semi-purified form. The isolated compounds can be used as distinct markers in the active extracts or plant materials belonging to the genus Lantana
Thermotoga lettingae sp. nov., a novel thermophilic, methanol-degrading bacterium isolated from a thermophilic anaerobic reactor
No full textA novel, anaerobic, non-spore-forming, mobile, Gram-negative, thermophilic bacterium, strain TMO(T), was isolated from a thermophilic sulfate-reducing bioreactor operated at 65 degrees C with methanol as the sole substrate. The G C content of the DNA of strain TMO(T) was 39.2 molÐThe optimum pH, NaCl concentration, and temperature for growth were 7.0, 1.0°and 65 degrees C, respectively. Strain TMO(T) was able to degrade methanol to CO(2) and H(2) in syntrophic culture with Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus DeltaH or Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii. Thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, Fe(III) and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate were able to serve as electron acceptors during methanol degradation. In the presence of thiosulfate or elemental sulfur, methanol was converted to CO(2) and partly to alanine. In pure culture, strain TMO(T) was also able to ferment methanol to acetate, CO(2) and H(2). However, this degradation occurred slower than in syntrophic cultures or in the presence of electron acceptors. Yeast extract was required for growth. Besides growing on methanol, strain TMO(T) grew by fermentation on a variety of carbohydrates including monomeric and oligomeric sugars, starch and xylan. Acetate, alanine, CO(2), H(2), and traces of ethanol, lactate and alpha-aminobutyrate were produced during glucose fermentation. Comparison of 16S rDNA genes revealed that strain TMO(T) is related to Thermotoga subterranea (98€and Thermotoga elfii (98Ž The type strain is TMO(T) (=DSM 14385(T)=ATCC BAA-301(T)). On the basis of the fact that these organisms differ physiologically from strain TMO(T), it is proposed that strain TMO(T) be classified as a new species, within the genus Thermotoga, as Thermotoga lettingae
Data Science Education: The Signal Processing Perspective [SP Education]
No full textIn the last decade, the signal processing (SP) community has witnessed a paradigm shift from model-based to data-driven methods. Machine learning (ML) - more specifically, deep learning - methodologies are nowadays widely used in all SP fields, e.g., audio, speech, image, video, multimedia, and multimodal/multisensor processing, to name a few. Many data-driven methods also incorporate domain knowledge to improve problem modeling, especially when computational burden, training data scarceness, and memory size are important constraints.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Signal Processing System
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