1,721,259 research outputs found
Testing for Candidate gene linkage disequilibrium using a dense array of single nucleotide polymorphisms in case-parents studies
No full textSearching for disease-susceptibility loci by testing for Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium in a gene bank of affected individuals
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Estimating genotype relative risks in case-parental control studies: an optimal weighting approach
No full textBio-inspired digital nanoactuators for photon and biomaterial manipulation
No full textThis paper presents a bio-inspired digital nanoactuation device (DND) for applications to nano-precision digital manipulation of photons and biomolecules. The structures and principles of DND device have been inspired from those of the biological muscle actuator. The bio-inspired DND, composed of a digital actuator and a nonlinear mechanical modulator, purifies the stroke of the digital actuator in order to generate the high-precision motion required for nano-positioning of photonic or bio-molecule devices. We design and fabricate two kind of DNDs: one with a linear modulator (1-DND) and the other with nonlinear modulator (n-DND), both having an identical input and output strokes of 15.2 mu m and 5.4 mu m, respectively. In experimental study, n-DND shows the repeatability of 12.3 +/- 2.9 nm, superior to that of 27.8 +/- 2.9 nm achieved by 1-DND. We experimentally verify that the displacement purifying capability of the bio-inspired n-DND achieves nano-precision motion repeatability, applicable to photon and bio-molecule manipulation. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Nanomechanical protein concentration detector using a nanogap squeezing actuator with compensated displacement monitoring electrodes
No full textWe present a new class of the protein concentration detector based on the mechanical stiffness measurement of protein-receptor layers in a squeezed nanogap. Compared to the previous protein size detector, the present device reduces the distortion and uncertainty in the displacement measurement by adding an actuated nanogap and reference electrodes. Compared to the conventional protein detectors based on electrochemical, optical, optomechanical, and mechanical principles, the present device also offers simple, inexpensive, and high-precision protein detection. We design and fabricate the protein concentration detector using an electrothermal actuator and two nanogaps with reference electrodes. In an experimental study, we verify that the present protein detector measures the size of the proteins streptavidin and m-antibiotin as 12.1 +/- 2.3 and 13.2 +/- 3.3 nm at the measurement uncertainty of +/- 1.9 nm, respectively, while showing the concentration detection sensitivity of 2.88 N/m/nM in the m-antibiotin concentration range of 5-10 nM
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