4,037 research outputs found
Performance evaluation of concurrent system using formal model: Simulation speedup
No full textAnalysis of concurrent systems, such as computer/communication networks and manufacturing systems, usually employs formal discrete event models. The analysis then includes model validation, property verification, and performance evaluation of such models. The DEVS (Discrete Event Systems Specification) formalism is a well-known formal modeling framework which supports specification of discrete event models in a hierarchical, modular manner. While validation and verification using formal models may not resort to discrete event simulation, accurate performance evaluation must employ discrete event simulation of formal models. Since formal models, such as DEVS models, explicitly represent communication semantics between component models; their simulation cost is much higher than using simulation languages with informal models. This paper proposes a method for simulation speedup in performance evaluation of concurrent systems using DEVS models. The method is viewed as a compiled simulation technique which eliminates run-time interpretation of communication paths between component models. The elimination has been done by a behavior-preserved transformation method, called model composition, which is based on the closed under coupling property in DEVS theory. Experimental results show that the simulation speed of transformed DEVS models is about 14 times faster than original ones
Targeting families and teens: Television violence on the WB
No full textThe author investigates the amount of violence contained within WB primetime programs in order to determine The WB\u27s number of violent acts per program and per program hour as well as determine some of the possible effects of The WB\u27s violence. The author sampled one week of WB primetime programming. A definition of violence similar to other violence studies was employed for comparability. The unit of analysis used for coding was the violent act. The author found all WB primetime programs to contain some violence. The most violent WB primetime program was Buffy the Vampire Slayer and the highest number of violent acts aired was found on Tuesday night. The author concludes the majority of WB primetime programs contain a low amount of violence. The author suggests future violence studies employ a single accepted definition of violence and include The WB and UPN programming in their samples
UASB performance in presence of algae and synthetic media
No full textAn upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) technology has showed an excellent performance compared to other biological treatment methods when a high organic loading rate of domestic and industrial wastewaters was applied. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect algae from lake-sediments and synthetic activated ceramic as media on UASB performance. The algae and synthetic media were introduced to the UASB reactor in order to obtain the enhanced granulation, which resulted in the increase in the UASB performance. 1-3% higher methane content and 3-10% higher COD removal efficiency were obtained in the reactors with the media than in the reactor without the media. The respective gas production rates in reactors 1, 2, and 3 were 0.15-0.36 m(3)/kg COD-day, 0.24-0.54 m(3)/kg COD-day, and 0.24-0.56 m(3)/kg COD-day. As organic loading rate increased, gas production rates increased. (C) 1997 IAWQ. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd
Production of C-reactive protein in Escherichia coli-infected patients with liver dysfunction due to liver cirrhosis
No full textTo assess the effect of liver dysfunction on the production of C-reactive protein (CRP), CRP levels were evaluated in patients with Escherichia coli bacteremia with or without liver cirrhosis (I-C). Thirty patients of each kind were selected as case and control groups, respectively. A matched control of 30 LC patients without acute infection was also included. In the patients with E. coli bacteremia, median CRP was 6.2 mg/dL (range 0.2-22.1) in the LC patients and 14.6 mg/dL (range 5.8-39.6) in the patients without liver dysfunction (P < 0.001). In the advanced LC patients in Child-Pugh class C, median CRP was 5.0 mg/dL (range 0.2-12.1) in patients with E. Coli bacteremia and 0.5 mg/dL (range 0.1-1.2) in patients without acute infection (P < 0.001). Our data suggest that, although CRP levels are reduced in response to acute infection, production is nevertheless maintained even in patients with advanced liver dysfunction. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.N
Patterned Catalyst Arrays of Pd/SnO2 Core-Shell Nanowires for Electrooxidations of Biomass-Derived Alcohols
No full textPatterned arrays of catalyst nanowires are demonstrated as high-performance electrode platforms in this research. Palladium catalysts synthesized on various patterned arrays of tin dioxide nanowire frameworks exhibit superior performance for electrooxidations of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol in alkaline media. This could be attributed to the effective diffusion of the liquid-phase alcohol reactants through the hollow channels formed between the patterned electrode arrays. Comparable electrocatalytic investigations modifying the pattern geometries of these nanowire electrodes enable the design of promising electrode platforms for electrochemical energy conversion applications.11108sciescopu
Artificial lotus leaf structures made by blasting with sodium bicarbonate
No full textSuperhydrophobic surfaces have superior hydrophobicity and micro-nano hierarchical structures like those on the lotus leaf. The conventional methods used for the fabrication of microstructures involve delicate and time-consuming processes. We report here a simple and cost-effective method for fabricating artificial lotus-leaf-like structures with uniform superhydrophobicity; this method is based on a blasting process with sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate, a water-soluble material, can be easily cleaned off an Al surface by the addition of oxalic acid to the anodizing solution. Therefore, microparticles do not need to be removed in a separate process. The resulting hierarchical structures are suitable for diverse applications, including microfluidic devices for biological studies and industrial self-cleaning products for automobiles, ships and houses. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.X111111sciescopuskc
Synthesis of low temperature burnable P(MMA-co-BMA) binder and control of carbon residue during baking process of BAM phosphor paste
No full textOrigin of PL intensity increase of CaMgSi2O6 : Eu2+ phosphor after baking process for PDPs application
No full textWe have synthesized blue-emitting CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+ (CMS) and evaluated its thermal stability after baking process. To evaluate its thermal stability. CMS was baked in air at 500 and 600degreesC for 20 min, respectively, and compared with BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ (BAM) treated in the same condition. After baking process, CMS showed somewhat increased photoluminescence (PL) intensity with baking temperature. To investigate the reasons behind the increase of PL intensity after baking process, vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)/PL, electron spin resonance (ESR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques were applied. Front the ESR and the XPS analyses, it is noted that spectral intensity of Eu2+ ion somewhat increased. It was believed that due to charge balance Eu3+ ions reduced to EU2+ ions during the baking process in air. It is clear that the concentration of Eu2+ increased after the baking process in air and it leads to slight increase of the VUV/PL intensity of CMS phosphor. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.This research was supported by a grant (M1-02-KR-01-
0001-03-K18-01-025-1-3) from Information Display R and
D Center, one of the 21st Century Frontier R and D Program
funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of
Korean government
An assessment of the impact of possible CAP reform scenarios on Romanian agriculture
No full textUsing a simplified model, with key-variable the prices of two different possible scenarios of CAP reform after 2013 (moderate and radical), this paper present a comparison between the price effects of implementation of each reform scenario at 2015 horizon on Romanian agriculture. This short analysis shows that, under the presented hypotheses, the net welfare effect, due to the price changes, for the selected products, is positive in both reform scenarios, yet greater in the case of the radical reform. Integrated in the large context of Romanian development, it seems that the influence of CAP reform upon agriculture and rural areas will be most likely a gradual one: an interpenetration between the two scenarios is foreseeable, starting with the moderate reform that will dominate the period around 2013, the reform measures acquiring a more radical character afterwards.CAP reform, Romania, welfare effects, Agricultural and Food Policy,
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