6,814 research outputs found
Highly parallel and energy-efficient exhaustive minimum distance search engine using hybrid digital/analog circuit techniques
No full textA minimum distance search engine (MDSE) is presented as a hardware. accelerator for various exhaustive pattern-matching systems. This chip executes highly parallel computations of L-1-norms between an input query and stored multiple reference records, and searches for the minimum distance among them in a highly parallel fashion. Our architectural-level estimation shows that this MDSE can reduce energy dissipation by orders of magnitude as the number of records increases, compared with the conventional systems. We have designed a prototype 4-bit 8-word MDSE composed of merged memory logic (MML) and digital/analog-mixed winner-take-all circuit (DAM-WTAC) by using hybrid digital/analog circuit techniques. It was fabricated with a 0.6-mum single-poly triple-metal CMOS technology. Experimental results show that our chip works properly at 3 V/10 MM and has approximately four times larger throughput as well as four times higher energy efficiency, compared with the existing 8-bit microcontrollers.The author would like to thank MICROS, IDEC and Samsung Electronics
Company for their support. They would also like to thank the
reviewers for their valuable comments and Dr. K. Kim, Samsung Electronics
Company, for useful discussion
Study of Ck-saturated graphs
No full text碩士令Ck代表含有k個點的迴圈。假設G為一個圖且G中不包含子圖Ck，若連接圖G中任意不相鄰的兩點後，所形成的圖就會包含子圖Ck，那我們就稱圖G為Ck飽和圖。
在本論文中，我們對於n點Ck飽和圖提出4種建構法，分別利用完全圖Kk-1之建構法、完全圖Kk/2+1或完全圖K(k+1)/2之建構法、迴圈Ck+1與完全圖Kk-4之建構法及擬似輪圖W(n, k) 之建構法得到n點Ck飽和圖，進而比較所獲得之四種n點Ck飽和圖的邊數。Let Ck be a cycle with k edges. Let G be a graph. If there is no k-cycle contained in G and connecting any non-adjacent vertices of G will obtain a k-cycle, then we call G is a Ck saturated graph.
In this thesis, we give four constructions to construct a Ck saturated graph with n vertices. Respectively, we use the complete graph Kk-1, complete graphs Kk/2+1and K(k+1)/2, a (k+1)-cycle Ck+1 and a complete graph Kk-4, and a Wheel graph W(n, k) to construct a Ck saturated graph with n vertices. After that we enumerate the edges in each Ck saturated graph with n vertices and compare the numbers of edges of these four Ck saturated graphs with n vertices.目 錄
誌謝辭．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．ⅱ
中文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．ⅲ
英文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． Ⅳ
目 錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Ⅵ
圖表目 錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Ⅷ
第一章 簡介…………………………………………………………… 1
第二章 預備知識……………………………………………………… 4
第三章 Ck飽和圖及建構法…………………………………………... 10
3-1 第一類建構法………………………………………………... 12
3-2 第二類建構法………………………………………………... 16
3-3 第三類建構法………………………………………………... 19
3-4 第四類建構法………………………………………………... 21
第四章 總結…………………………………………………………… 34
參考書目………………………………………………………………… 36
圖表目錄
表1-1………………………………………………………………………2
圖2.1…………………………………………………………….4、5、6、8
圖2.2……………………………………………………………………… 5
圖2.3……………………………………………………………………….6
圖2.4 K4完全圖………………………………………………………..7、8
圖2.5………………………………………………………………………..8
圖2.6………………………………………………………………………..9
圖2.7………………………………………………………………………..9
圖2.8 4點C4飽和圖…..…………………………………………………...9
圖3.1………………………………………………………………………10
圖3.2………………………………………………………………………10
圖3.3………………………………………………………………………11
圖3.4………………………………………………………………………11
圖3.5………………………………………………………………………11
圖3.6………………………………………………………………………12
圖3.7………………………………………………………………………13
圖3.8………………………………………………………………………14
圖3.9………………………………………………………………………15
圖3.10……………………………………………………………………..15
圖3.11……………………………………………………………………..17
圖3.12……………………………………………………………………..17
圖3.13……………………………………………………………………..20
圖3.14……………………………………………………………………..21
圖3.15……………………………………………………………………..22
圖3.16……………………………………………………………………..24
圖3.17……………………………………………………………………..25
圖3.18……………………………………………………………………..27
圖3.19……………………………………………………………………..28
圖3.20……………………………………………………………………..29
圖3.21……………………………………………………………………..31
圖3.22……………………………………………………………………..33
表4-1 C10 飽和圖之邊數 ……………………………………………..….34學號: 700190050, 學年度: 10
Fecal Microbiota Alterations and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Functional Abdominal Bloating/Distention
Full text linkBACKGROUND/AIMS: The pathophysiology of functional abdominal bloating and distention (FABD) is unclear yet. Our aim is to compare the diversity and composition of fecal microbiota in patients with FABD and healthy individuals, and to evaluate the relationship between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and dysbiosis. METHODS: The microbiota of fecal samples was analyzed from 33 subjects, including 12 healthy controls and 21 patients with FABD diagnosed by the Rome IV criteria. FABD patients underwent a hydrogen breath test. Fecal microbiota composition was determined by 16S ribosomal RNA amplification and sequencing. RESULTS: Overall fecal microbiota composition of the FABD group differed from that of the control group. Microbial diversity was significantly lower in the FABD group than in the control group. Significantly higher proportion of Proteobacteria and significantly lower proportion of Actinobacteria were observed in FABD patients, compared with healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, significantly higher proportion of Faecalibacterium in FABD patients and significantly higher proportion of Prevotella and Faecalibacterium in SIBO (+) patients with FABD were found. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, was significantly more abundant, but Bacteroides uniformis and Bifidobacterium adolescentis were significantly less abundant in patients with FABD, compared with healthy controls. Significantly more abundant Prevotella copri and F. prausnitzii, and significantly less abundant B. uniformis and B. adolescentis were observed in SIBO (+) patients, compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSION: The fecal microbiota profiles in FABD patients are different from those in healthy controls, particularly in SIBO (+) patients, suggesting a role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of FABD
Thermal characteristics of optical gain for GaInNAs quantum wells at 1.3 mu m
No full textThe gain characteristics of 1.3-mum-wavelength GaInNAs, InGaAlAs, and InGaAsP single-quantum-well structures are studied and compared. Among these quantum wells, GaInNAs offers the lowest carrier density over a wide range of temperature (300-400 K) for applications that require high gain because of the highest differential gain. It is due to the large electron effective mass originating from the nitrogen incorporation. The change in threshold carrier density with temperature is smallest for GaInNAs because of the large conduction band offset and the large differences in the band gap energy between the well and the barrier. The interaction with the temperature-independent nitrogen states makes the shift of gain with temperature slowest as well. For these reasons, the threshold current of GaInNAs is expected to be more temperature independent than those of other materials. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.The authors thank Jae-Heon Shin of ETRI and J. Hader
of the University of Arizona for informative discussions.
This work was supported by the National Research Laboratory
Project and ETRI
Dynamical path-planning algorithm of a mobile robot: Local minima problem and nonstationary environments
No full textA dynamical local path-planning algorithm of an autonomous mobile robot available for moving obstacle avoidance as well as stationary obstacle avoidance using artificial pressure and nonlinear friction is described. The dynamical path-planning algorithm is considered to adequately accommodate the mobile robot to a dynamic situation of a path-planning nature. Artificial pressure is just a conceptual idea and a mimicry of the real physical pressure. It can be thought of as a density gradient in the neighborhood of the mobile robot. Together with the previous virtual force field (VFF) method, the path of the mobile robot is a solution of a path-planning equation. Local minima problems in stationary environments are solved by introducing nonlinear friction into the chaotic neuron. Due to the nonlinear friction, the proposed path-planner reveals chaotic dynamics in some parameter regions. This new path-planner is feasible in guiding, on real-time, the mobile robot to avoid stationary obstacles and reach the goal. Computer simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm
High coronary calcium score and post-procedural CK-MB are noninvasive predictors of coronary stent restenosis
No full textJae-Beom Lee,1 Yun-Seok Choi,2 Woo-Baek Chung,2 Ami Kwon,2 Chul-Soo Park,2 Man-Young Lee2 1Anyang Sam Hospital, 2Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Youido St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Purpose: High coronary calcium score (CCS) and post-procedural cardiac enzyme may be related with poor outcomes in patients with coronary stent implantation. Methods: A total of 1,072 patients (63.2% male, mean age: 61.7±10.3 years) who underwent coronary multi-detect computed tomography at index procedure and follow-up coronary angiography (CAG) after drug-eluting stent (DES) were divided into two groups: those with and without target lesion revascularization (TLR; >50% reduction in luminal stent diameter or angina symptoms on follow-up CAG). The CCSs for predicting stent revascularization were elucidated. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to risk factors. The initial CCS was significantly higher in the TLR group (1,102.4±743.7 vs 345.8±51.05, P=0.04). After adjustment of significant factors for TLR, only CCS and post-procedural creatine kinase MB form (CK-MB) elevation were significant predictors of coronary artery TLR. Receiver operation curve revealed that >800 in CCS had 69% in sensitivity and 88% in specificity about predicting the TLR. Conclusion: High CCS with post-procedural CK-MB might be the useful predictors for TLR after DES implantation. Keywords: coronary restenosis, drug-eluting stents, calcium, creatine kinas
Pharmacokinetics of four metabolites of DA-125, a new anthracycline antineoplastic agent after single and multiple intravenous administration to rats
No full textThe tissue distribution, and biliary and urinary excretion of four metabolites (M1-M4) of a new anthracycline antineoplastic agent (DA-125) were compared after single and multiple (7 consecutive days) intravenous (i.v.) administration to rats. The mean pharmacokinetic parameters of M1, such as area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUG: 56.4 mu g min/ml vs. 69.0 mu g min/ml), terminal half-life (t(1/2): 3.51 h vs. 3.01 h), total body clearance (Cl: 70.9 ml/min/kg vs. 58.0 ml/min/kg), renal clearance (Cl-R: 0.193 ml/min/kg vs. 0.336 ml/min/kg) and nonrenal clearance (Cl-NR: 70.7 ml/min/kg vs. 57.7 ml/min/kg); of M2, such as plasma AUC (39.4 mu g min/ml vs. 41.9 mu g min/ml), t(1/2) (6.15 h vs. 7.34 h) and Cl-R (10.5 ml/min/kg vs. 13.8 ml/min/kg); and of M4, such as plasma AUC (4.82 mu g min/ml vs. 6.54 mu g min/ml) and t(1/2) (3.33 h vs 4.02 h), were comparable between single and multiple administrations of DA-125. M3 was detected in plasma for up to 1-5 min, and M3 and M4 were below the detection limit in 24-h urine after both single and multiple administrations of DA-125. M2 was the main metabolite of DA-125 excreted (among M1-M4) in 24-h urine after both single and multiple administrations of DA-125; approximately 12.3% and 20.1% (P<0.01) of i.v. dosage (expressed in terms of DA-125) was excreted as M2 after single and multiple administrations of DA-125, respectively. Corresponding values for M1 were 0.326% and 0.694% (P<0.05). The mean levels of M1 (229 mu g vs. 175 mu g) and M2 (1330 mu g vs. 1120 mu g) excreted in 24-h bile after single and multiple administrations of DA-125 were not significantly different; the percentages of i.v. dosage excreted in 24-h bile as M1 (expressed in terms of DA-125) were 4.83% and 3.58% after single and multiple administrations, respectively. The corresponding values for M2 were 27.8% and 22.5%. M3 and M4 were below the detection limit in 24-h bile after both single and multiple administrations of DA-125. Mean AUA(t)s (area under the amount-time curves from time zero to last measurement time t) (or AUC(t)s-area under the plasma concentration-time curves from time zero until the last measurement time t) of M1-M4 in each tissue after single and multiple administrations of DA-125 were also comparable except in the bone marrow and thymus. The data suggest that 7 consecutive days of i.v. administration of DA-125 (4 mg/kg) to rats does not lead to considerable accumulation of M1-M4 in the tissues, except in the bone marrow and thymus.Y
Pharmacokinetics of four metabolites of DA-125, a new anthracycline antineoplastic agent, after single and multiple intravenous administration to rats
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