212 research outputs found
Lettere diplomatiche e lettere familiari: alle origini dell’epistolario di Baldassarre Castiglione
No full textBaldassarre Castiglione (1478-1529), uno dei letterati cinquecenteschi più noti della penisola come autore del Libro del Cortegiano, ricoprì numerosi incarichi diplomatici: oratore dei marchesi di Mantova e poi dei duchi d’Urbino, infine nunzio in Spagna presso l’imperatore Carlo V tra il 1524 e il 1529, anno della sua morte. Nell’arco della sua vita e in virtù del suo ruolo di ambasciatore, Castiglione produsse un’ingente quantità di lettere che abbracciava un arco cronologico di oltre trent’anni (1497-1529). Si tratta di una fonte straordinaria, che costituisce una miniera di informazioni, di natura sia pubblica sia privata, e segue pressoché l’intera parabola biografica e professionale di un personaggio che attraversò, con ruoli da protagonista in ambito politico, culturale, artistico, alcuni decenni cruciali della storia dell’Italia e dell’Europa moderna.Questo articolo si propone di ricostruire la vicenda travagliata del progetto di pubblicazione dell’epistolario di Castiglione negli anni ’70-’80 del XVI secolo e di indagare le diverse ragioni del suo esito fallimentare tra interessi privati, esigenze morali e censure di Stato.Baldassarre Castiglione (1478-1529), one of the 16th-century best known man of letters and author of the Book of the Courtier, held many diplomatic posts: orator of the marquises of Mantua and later of the dukes of Urbino, and finally, nuntius in Spain to Emperor Charles V between 1524 and 1529, the year of his death. During his life and by virtue of his role as ambassador, Castiglione produced an enormous quantity of letters that spanned more than thirty years (1497-1529). This is an extraordinary source, a mine for both public and private information covering nearly the entire personal and professional trajectory of a figure who played a leading role in the fields of politics, culture and art during several decades in the history of Italy and modern Europe.The article aims to reconstruct the complicated story of the project to publish Castiglione’s correspondence during the 1570s and 1580s and the reasons why it failed, which included private interests, moral expectations and State censorship
Francesco Sansovino
No full textAs part of a larger project on the history of relations between Christians and Muslims in the modern age, this essay aims to shed light on the figure and work of Francesco Sansovino (Rome 1521- Venice 1583), writer, translator and curator of texts as well as founder of print shop which over a period of roughly twenty years published more than fifty works. Sansovino was author of two texts (Historia universale, 1560-61 and Annali turcheschi 1571) which deal with the history, customs, culture and religion of the Ottoman civilization and which enjoyed a wide circulation. The essay aims to show how within the panorama contemporary publications these works of Sansovino’s were intended, above all, to disseminate knowledge about the Ottoman Turks: an approach that was quite unlike that of ideological confrontation against the infidels following the footsteps of Paolo Giovio’s Commentario de le cose de’ Turchi , a work dedicated to emperor Charles V and published in 1531 and which served as Sansovino’s main source and model
Single and multiple intrabeam scattering in hadron colliders
No full textSingle and multiple intra-beam scattering are usually considered separately. Such separation works well for electron-positron colliders but usually yields only coarse description in the case of hadron colliders. Boltzmann type integro-differential equation is used to describe evolution of longitudinal distribution due to IBS. The finite size of the longitudinal potential well, its non-linearity and x-y coupling are taken into account. The model predictions for longitudinal and transverse distributions are compared to the experimental measurements
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Amplification of Beam Acceleration in a Plasma by Plasma Instability
No full textAlthough achieving of high accelerating field in a plasma has been demonstrated experimentally, a practical use of such a scheme for building a large accelerator is questionable. A novel scheme of beam acceleration by a plasma wave is considered in this article. The scheme is based on an initial excitation of a plasma wave by a probe beam with comparatively modest intensity. This seed excitation is then amplified by plasma instability, so that the test beam which follows the probe beam with a small delay will be accelerated by the plasma wave with an amplitude significantly exceeding the initial amplitude of the wave. Because of small interaction between the synchronization beam and the plasma, such a scheme allows one to excite a plasma over large length and, consequently, to build a large accelerator
Stochastic Cooling with Schottky Band Overlap *
No full textAbstract. Optimal use of stochastic cooling is essential to maximize the antiproton stacking rate for Tevatron Run II. Good understanding and characterization of the cooling is important for the optimization. The paper is devoted to derivation of the Fokker-Planck equations justified in the case of near or full Schottky base overlap for both longitudinal and transverse coolings
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Proton bunch compression strategies
No full textThe paper discusses main limitations on the beam power and other machine parameters for a 4 MW proton driver for muon collider. The strongest limitation comes from a longitudinal microwave instability limiting the beam power to about 1 MW for an 8 GeV compressor ring
High energy cooling
No full textThe paper considers methods of particle cooling mostly concentrating on
cooling of high energy heavy particles in the high energy colliders. Presently,
there are two major methods of the cooling the electron cooling and stochastic
cooling. The latter can be additionally separated on the microwave stochastic
cooling, the optical stochastic cooling (OSC) and the coherent electron cooling
(CEC). OSC and CEC are essentially extensions of microwave stochastic cooling
operating in 1-10 GHz frequency range to the optical frequencies corresponding
to 30-300 THz frequency range. The OSC uses undulators as a pickup and a
kicker, and an optical amplifier for signal amplification, while the CEC uses
an electron beam for all these functions
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Stochastic Cooling with Schottky Band Overlap
No full textOptimal use of stochastic cooling is essential to maximize the antiproton stacking rate for Tevatron Run II. Good understanding and characterization of the cooling is important for the optimization. The paper is devoted to derivation of the Fokker-Planck equations justified in the case of near or full Schottky base overlap for both longitudinal and transverse coolings
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