142,021 research outputs found
lay n
No full textlay nlay n. The relationship or agreement between vessel-owners and fishermen with regard to the proportionate share of each in the catch. The _lays_ of every type of vessel are different.PRINTED ITEM DNE Sup G. M. StoryOCT. 3 1989Used SupUsed SupUsed Supshare, on sharesChecked by Jordyn Hughes on Tue 14 Jul 201
User characteristics: Professional vs. lay users
No full text(User characteristics: professional use vs lay use by Cifter A and Dong H)
The market success of a product largely depends on whether it correctly addresses the user needs. Understanding the user is increasingly becoming important in the design process. Different user models may determine different approaches to design. This paper identifies the characteristics of different types of users, with a specific focus on professional users and lay users. It gives a definition of professional users and lay users in the context of adapting products originally designed for professional use to the use of lay people (for example, home use medical devices). It summarises, and compares, the characteristics of professional users and lay users, suggesting that designers pay attention to user characteristics and the context of use so as to better address user perceptions and meet user needs
Lay-user characteristics reflected by their interaction with a digital camera and a blood pressure monitor
No full textThe material is posted here with the permission of the publishers. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material must be obtained from the publisher.There is an increasing and evolving demand from the end-user market for the adaptation of products originally designed for professional-use to the use of lay people, for example, home use medical devices. However, there is a lack of understanding of lay user characteristics by product designers. This paper reports a study investigating lay user characteristics reflected by their interaction with digital products. A digital camera and a digital blood pressure monitor were tested with different user groups: 10 able-bodied young people; 10 healthy older people (65+) and 10 disabled people; and lay user characteristics were summarised
Henry C. Lay collection, 1859-1868
No full textThis collection contains correspondence and other materials of Henry C. Lay, Missionary Bishop of the Southwest, inlcuding letters from Lay to his wife in Huntsville, Alabama, 1859-1868; correspondence to miscellaneous individuals, 1860-1868; materials relating to Lay's appointment as Missionary Bishop of Arkansas, pastoral letters and other materials, 1859-1860; materials related to the Arkansas district, 1861-1865; and a chronological index of materials.; Originals of typed copies are at the University of North Carolina; photocopies of originals are from the Episcopal diocese of Little Rock.; This collection was originally numbered H-14 and is part of the J. N. Heiskell Historical Collection, courtesy Arkansas Gazette Foundation.Henry C. Lay collection, 1859-186
Nurse led versus lay educators support for those with asthma in primary care: a costing study
No full text<p>Background - Regular review and support for asthma self-management is promoted in guidelines. A randomised controlled trial suggested that unscheduled health care usage was similar when patients were offered self management support by a lay-trainer or practice nurses.</p>
<p>Methods - Following the RCT, a costing study was undertaken using the trial data to account for the cost of delivery of the service under both strategies and the resulting impact on unscheduled healthcare (measure of effectiveness) in this trial.</p>
<p>Results - One year data (n = 418) showed that 29% (61/205) of the nurse group required unscheduled healthcare (177 events) compared with 30.5% (65/213) for lay-trainers (178 events).</p>
<p>The training costs for the lay-trainers were greater than nurses (£36 versus £18 respectively per patient, p<0.001), however, the consultation cost for lay-trainers were lower than nurses (£6 per patient versus £24, p<0.001). If the cost of unscheduled healthcare are accounted for then the costs of nurses is £161, and £135 for lay-trainers (mean difference £25, [95% CI = −£97, £149, p = 0.681]). The total costs (delivery and unscheduled healthcare) were £202 per patient for nurses versus £178 for lay-trainers, (mean difference £24, [95%CI = −£100, £147, p = 0.707]).</p>
<p>Conclusions - There were no significant differences in the cost of training and healthcare delivery between nurse and lay trainers, and no significant difference in the cost of unscheduled health care use.</p>
Human Foibles or Systemic Failure -- Lay Perceptions of the 2008-09 Financial Crisis
No full textWe examined lay perceptions of the recent financial and economic crisis through 1707 questionnaires, administered via internet, to a varied group of volunteers in a range of countries: France, the US, Russia, Germany, Israel, and sub-Saharan Africa. Respondents graded the contribution of a large number of possible factors to the crisis, and answered several complementary questions. We were able to identify two major conceptions, one seeing the economy as comprised of individuals, with failings of moral or cognitive character, and the other seeing the economy as a complex system, endowed with some resilience, functioning in cycles. Support for the former view was stronger than for the latter. Several demographic variables were found to affect these perspectives significantly, including SES, economic training, religious beliefs, and the extent to which the respondent was personally affected by the crisis.financial crisis; naive economic cognition; intentional bias; globalization.
Lay health advisers: scoping the role and intervention landscape
No full textSusan M Carr,1–3 Monique Lhussier,1,3 Natalie Forster1,3 1Public Health Research, Department of Social Work, Education, and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; 2Department of Education and Training, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, Australia; 3Fuse, Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Abstract: The use of lay health advisers has become an established approach within public health, in particular for impact on health inequalities and engaging socially excluded groups. Evidence on how differences in terms of the multiple role dimensions impact the outcomes of programs is limited. This creates ambiguity for decision makers on which roles should be implemented in different contexts for different needs. This paper applies realist logic to an inquiry to explore the mechanisms that may operate in lay-led intervention models and understand how, why, and in what respect these lead to particular outcomes. It draws on a project focusing on health-related lifestyle advisers and further insights gained from a subsequent related project about outreach with traveler communities. Analysis highlights multiple and potentially interacting aspects of lay health-adviser roles that may influence their success, including characteristics of lay health advisers, characteristics of target populations, purpose or intent of interventions, and how advice is given. A model is proposed from which to examine the contexts and mechanisms of lay health advisers that may impact outcomes, and is subsequently applied to two examples of reported lay health-adviser interventions. The combination of skills and characteristics of lay health advisers must be considered when planning which interventions might be appropriate when targeting specific needs or target populations. Focus only on the peer/layperson distinction may overlook other potentially important skills and mechanisms of action integral to lay health-adviser roles. Keywords: realist logic, lay health advisers, inequalities, hard-to-reach populations, service desig
The (Economic) Effects of Lay Participation in Courts - A Cross-Country Analysis
No full textLegal philosophers like Montesquieu, Hegel and Tocqueville have argued that lay participation in judicial decision-making would have benefits reaching far beyond the realm of the legal system narrowly understood. From an economic point of view, lay participation in judicial decision-making can be interpreted as a renunciation of an additional division of labor, which is expected to cause foregone benefits in terms of the costs as well as the quality of judicial decision-making. In order to be justified, these foregone benefits need to be overcompensated by other – actually realized – benefits of at least the same magnitude. This paper discusses pros and cons of lay participation, presents a new database and tests some of the theoretically derived hypotheses empirically. The effects of lay participation on the judicial system, a number of governance variables but also on economic performance indicators are rather modest. A proxy representing historic experiences with any kind of lay participation is the single most robust variable.Economic Effects of Legal Systems, Judicial Decision-Making, Trial by Jury, Jurors, Lay Assessors, Constitutional Economics, Civil Society, Quality of Governance, History of Thought
The (Economic) Effects of Lay Participation in Courts – A Cross-Country Analysis
No full textLegal philosophers like Montesquieu, Hegel and Tocqueville have argued that lay participation in judicial decision-making would have benefits reaching far beyond the realm of the legal system narrowly understood. From an economic point of view, lay participation in judicial decision-making can be interpreted as a renunciation of an additional division of labor, which is expected to cause foregone benefits in terms of the costs as well as the quality of judicial decision-making. In order to be justified, these foregone benefits need to be overcompensated by other – actually realized – benefits of at least the same magnitude. This paper discusses pros and cons of lay participation, presents a new database and tests some of the theoretically derived hypotheses empirically. The effects of lay participation on the judicial system, a number of governance variables but also on economic performance indicators are rather modest. A proxy representing historic experiences with any kind of lay participation is the single most robust variable.economic effects of legal systems, judicial decision-making, trial by jury, jurors, lay assessors, constitutional economics, civil society, quality of governance, history of thought
Farmers' perceptions of the lay health worker on farms in the Western Cape, South Africa
No full textThis study is focussed on farms situated in the Boland health district of the Cape Winelands, South Africa. The aim was to explore, understand, and describe the perceptions of farmers of having a trained lay health worker (LHW) on the farm. A qualitative study design was applied. Data were collected during six in-depth interviews and two focus group discussions with participating farmers. The results show that farmers remained positive about the concept of having a trained LHW on the farm, but became frustrated with the lack of recognition of their and the LHWs' contribution by the public health service. Farmers who are willing to participate and remain active are key to introducing a farm community-based LHW intervention. Sustainable LHW interventions are dependent on public health sector support and recognition of all role players.Farm Management,
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